建筑物中庭自然排烟效果影响因素的探讨

利用火灾区域模型理论和数值求解方法得出特定火灾场景下的中庭烟气特性参数和自然排烟的设计参数,并以实际案例验证了该方法的可行性,同时对影响自然排烟设计参数的因素进行了分析。     

烟气温度对SCR脱硝催化剂的影响

江苏徐塘发电有限责任公司4号炉低氮燃烧器技改运行后,由于省煤器出口温度低于设计值,在负荷低于210 MW时,造成SCR脱硝停运,脱硝投运率较低。文中叙述了烟气温度对SCR脱硝机组催化剂的影响,并从锅炉的启停、运行烟温高低、事故状态三个方面进行了阐述通过分析,并针对性地对SCR脱硝系统进行了优化设计,制定了防止催化剂损坏的措施,该措施对延长催化剂寿命,降低SCR脱硝机组的运行维护具有重要意义。     

烟气露点温度的确定

<正> 一、前言锅炉经济排烟温度是不低于烟气露点的温度。所以,确定烟气露点温度成为锅炉低品热能回收设计的关键所在。本文介绍如何快速估算或精确计算烟气露点温度。根据热力计算,排烟温度直接影响锅炉热效率,排烟温度过高,排烟损失越大,锅炉热效率越低,不但经济损失增加,而且对环境产生“热污染”;排烟温度过低,燃料中的硫元     

送风温度对苹果差压预冷降温效果的影响

果品采后预冷是现代冷链物流不可缺少的必备环节之一,差压预冷由于其冷却速度快、冷却均匀以及适用性广,已经得到了广泛的应用与发展。以2层箱装红富士苹果为研究对象,建立了考虑其呼吸热与蒸腾热影响的数值模型,利用FLUENT软件模拟在不同送风温度下果品预冷降温过程的温度分布情况。结果表明,预冷初温并不是越低越好,当送风温度低于2℃时,预冷时间没有明显的缩短,而预冷的不均匀性却明显增加,因此建议此规格包装的苹果差压预冷送风温度取2℃较宜。该模拟结果可为合理控制苹果差压预冷时间及降低预冷装置能耗提供一定的理论依据。     

对烟气SOx排量计算、脱硫前后烟气露点温度预测及烟气腐蚀性评定中若干问题的讨论

本就脱硫前后烟气SOx排量计算、酸露点预测方法及烟气腐蚀性等级等问题进行了讨论。通过典型验算数据的比较，分析了现行献和技术规范中所存在的问题，并提出了解决方法。中还对湿法脱硫后烟气露点的涵义等问题进行了探讨。     

烟气酸露点温度的影响因素及其计算方法

确定烟气露点温度，已成为避免低温受热面造成腐蚀、增加锅炉运行安全性和提高锅炉效率的关键所在。文章对影响烟气酸露点的主要因素进行了分析，对几种烟气酸露点温度的计算方法进行了对比和评价，并依据酸露点的图表数据，拟合出烟气露点计算方程。     

分析商场中庭温度梯度对空调舒适度的影响

叙述了运用DEST对商场室内温度进行非空调开启期间模拟,利用计算流体力学（CFD）方法对商场中庭进行气流组织模拟以及使用标准κ-ζ模型,运用SIMPLE算法进行离散化的结果,得出,室内基础温度分布、商场中庭建筑的温度梯度及其对室内热环境的影响,旨在指导空调系统的设计。     

石灰石石膏湿法烟气脱硫吸收塔出口烟气温度及蒸发水量的计算分析与修正

根据热力学基本原理,提出了石灰石石膏湿法烟气脱硫吸收塔出口烟气温度及蒸发水量的计算过程.计算采用典型FGD人口烟气参数,应用烟气湿度和定压容积热容的概念计算了吸收塔出口烟气温度及塔内蒸发水量,并分析了其变化规律.此外,还对实际工程应用中的计算提出了需考虑的主要修正点.     

低温送风空调系统的应用研究进展与展望

归纳近年来低温送风系统研究中的关键问题。指出低温送风系统研究中送风温度、送风末端选择、热舒适性评价及其经济性评价研究的主要进展,总结低温送风系统送风温度、送风末端选择的现状和问题,并分析送风温度及末端送风方式的选择对低温送风系统的经济性的影响,总结低温送风系统热舒适性方面的主要研究方法和研究成果。在此基础上,对低温送风系统的研究前景进行展望。     

CaO颗粒烟气脱硫反应最佳反应温度的实验研究

CaO颗粒的烟气脱硫反应受到烟气成份、温度和CaO颗粒自身特性的综合影响。通过实验研究和对前人工作的总结,证明了CaO颗粒在烟气脱硫循环流化床中的最佳反应温度为800℃。在此温度下,基本上避免烟气中NO和CO2等成份对脱硫反应的竞争反应;基本上回避了CaO等晶体的再结晶过程引起的脱硫反应速率的降低;使脱硫反应产物的主要成份变成CaSO4。CaSO4的热解温度比较高,脱硫产物的稳定性较好,不会对大气造成二次污染。     

风光混合发电系统发电量的计算模型

本文介绍了风光混合发电系统风力发电量和光伏发电量的计算模型,提出了风频分布的规律和不同倾角倾斜面上辐射量的计算方法。     

State‐space representation of the wind flow model in wind farms

A dynamic model for the wind flow in wind farms is developed in this paper. The model is based on the spatial discretization of the linearized Navier–Stokes equation combined with the vortex cylinder theory. The spatial discretization of the model is performed using the finite difference method, which provides the state‐space form of the dynamic wind farm model. The model provides an approximation of the behavior of the flow in the wind farm and obtains the wind speed in the vicinity of each wind turbine. Afterwards, the model is validated using measurement data of Energy research Center of the Netherlands’ Wind turbine Test site in Wieringermeer in the Netherlands and by employing the outcomes of two other wind flow models. The end goal of this work is to present the wind farm flow model by ordinary differential equations, to be applied in wind farm control algorithms along with load and power optimizations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大湿度低温环境对风力发电场的影响

在我国北方地区的风电场,秋冬季的高湿度寒冷气候对风力发电场运行影响比较大。分析了大湿度低温条件下定桨距风力发电机组功率特性变化,总结了国外大湿度低温环境对风电场的影响,提出了针对大湿度低温条件下风力发电机组设计和风机排布所应采取的针对性措施。     

AQC锅炉取风系统改造

英德海螺集团AQC锅炉取风系统存在设计不足,导致锅炉运行中蒸汽蒸发量偏低,制约了发电量。经现场数据分析得出提高锅炉蒸发量的两个关键因素是风温和风量。通过调研、论证,采取了增加三段取风风管的技改方案,在不增加进入磨煤机熟料颗粒量的同时,提高了AQC锅炉的风温和风量,解决了运行中存在的问题,并取得了较大的经济效益。     

Investigation on the integral output power model of a large-scale wind farm

The integral output power model of a large-scale wind farm is needed when estimating the wind farm’s output over a period of time in the future. The actual wind speed power model and calculation method of a wind farm made up of many wind turbine units are discussed. After analyzing the incoming wind flow characteristics and their energy distributions, and after considering the multi-effects among the wind turbine units and certain assumptions, the incoming wind flow model of multi-units is built. The calculation algorithms and steps of the integral output power model of a large-scale wind farm are provided. Finally, an actual power output of the wind farm is calculated and analyzed by using the practical measurement wind speed data. The characteristics of a large-scale wind farm are also discussed.     

Effects of sea surface temperature accuracy on offshore wind resource assessment using a mesoscale model

Offshore wind simulations were performed with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model driven by three different sea surface temperature (SST) datasets for Japanese coastal waters to investigate the effect of the SST accuracies on offshore wind simulations. First, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Final analysis (FNL) (1° × 1° grid resolution) and the Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis (OSTIA) (0.05° × 0.05° grid resolution) datasets were compared with in situ measurements. The results show a decrease in accuracy of these datasets toward the coast from the open ocean. Aiming at an improved accuracy of SST data, we developed a new high‐resolution SST dataset (0.02° × 0.02° grid resolution). The new dataset referred to as MOSST is based on the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) product, provided by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). MOSST was confirmed to be more accurate than FNL and OSTIA for the coastal waters. Then, WRF simulations were carried out for 1 year with a 2 km grid resolution and by using the FNL, OSTIA and MOSST datasets. The use of the OSTIA dataset for a WRF simulation was found to improve the accuracy when compared with the FNL dataset, and further improvement was obtained when the MOSST dataset was applied. The sensitivity of wind speed and wind energy density to SST is also discussed. We conclude that the use of an accurate SST is a key factor not only for realistic offshore wind simulations near the surface but also for accurate wind resource assessments at the hub height of wind turbines. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于空间统计模型的区域风电消纳风险聚类分析

弃风问题严重制约风电场的可持续开发与建设,急须开展区域风电消纳风险的评估方法。为计算消纳风险,文章基于风险理论构建了风电消纳风险计量模型,并对蒙西地区87家风电场2012-2018年消纳风险数据进行空间相关性分析,应用ArcGIS工具研究内蒙古电网风电消纳风险区域的动态变化趋势和特征。研究结果能够直观反映区域的风险水平及其演化趋势,为区域风电场科学规划提供参考。     

链传动式风能转换装置理论模型的研究

针对传统风力机的特点及研究现状.设计了一种全新的链传动式风能转换装置.通过建立的理论模型,分析计算了在理想状况下叶片的最佳迎风角度,计算结果与试验数据基本吻合,为今后装置结构的进一步优化奠定了理论基础.     

A simple analytical wind park model considering atmospheric stability

The analytical top‐down wind park model by Emeis and Frandsen 1 is enhanced by consistently making both the downward momentum flux and the momentum loss at the rough surface dependent on atmospheric stability. Specifying the surface roughness underneath the turbines in a wind farm in the model gives the opportunity to investigate principal differences between onshore and offshore wind parks, because the roughness length of the sea surface is two to three orders of magnitude lower than the roughness length of land surfaces. Implications for the necessary distance between single turbines in offshore wind farms and the distance between neighbouring wind parks are computed. It turns out from the model simulations that over smooth surfaces offshore the wind speed reduction at hub height in a wind farm is larger than over rough onshore surfaces given the same density of turbines within the park. Mean wind profiles within the park are also calculated from this model. Offshore wind farms must have a larger distance between each other in order to avoid shadowing effects of the upstream farm. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于燃烧风预热下铜精炼炉烟气热损失研究

根据能量平衡原理，建立了基于燃烧风预热下铜精炼阳极炉高温烟气热损失数学模型，并根据不同预热燃烧风温度对铜精炼阳极炉氧化期高温烟气热损失数学模型进行计算。结果表明，随着燃烧风预热温度增加，铜精炼阳极炉氧化期重油流量和高温烟气热损失减少趋势十分明显，节能效果显著。此外，给出了一些合理化建议，有利于铜精炼阳极炉氧化期节能效果进一步提高。