薄壁零件铣削加工稳定性极限分析

针对薄壁零件铣削加工颤振稳定性问题进行了分析研究。综合考虑刀具子系统和工件子系统动态特性,采用三自由度弹性-阻尼系统,建立了适合薄壁零件的三维动态铣削力模型,求出了高速铣削稳定性极值解析解。根据模态锤击实验获得的频率响应函数(FRF frequency response function),绘出了铣削加工颤振的稳定性图形,并通过实验证实了稳定性图的有效性和准确性。     

圆周铣削加工动态和静态铣削力MATLAB仿真分析研究

基于圆周立铣刀在铣削加工中静态和动态切削力分布对工件尺寸精度有较大影响的现状,对静态和动态铣削力模型进行建模研究,建立有效铣削力分布预测仿真,并对静态和动态铣削力仿真结果进行对比分析,研究结果表明在铣削过程中动态铣削力分布对工件已加工部分的尺寸精度预测较静态铣削力预测有较大优势,通过改变刀具齿数、进给速度、径向切深3个...     

基于MATLAB的圆周铣削力仿真对铣刀参数的选择分析

针对圆周铣削加工中工件和机床的偏移使得铣削力对工件精度有较大影响的现状,通过对圆周动态铣削力模型理论进行研究,然后利用MATLAB函数通过改变参与加工的铣刀参数对圆周铣削力进行仿真分析,并通过对照仿真实验进行模型验证,研究结果表明在铣削过程中铣削力分布对工件已加工部分的尺寸精度有重要影响,通过对不同参数的仿真结果对比表明在生产加工前通过铣削力仿真可以选择出较为合理的铣刀加工参数从而减少机加工误差,提高加工效率。     

多轴铣削加工表面形貌建模与仿真研究分析

在考虑刀具偏心的情况下,建立多轴铣削加工形貌仿真模型,推导出多轴铣削情况下球头铣刀切削刃上任意一点相对被加工工件的轨迹方程,建立仿真算法求解被加工工件表面残留高度,并对平面铣削加工以及圆弧面铣削加工分别进行铣削仿真研究,研究刀具轴线角、进给倾角分别对表面粗糙度的影响。通过提高铣削过程中被加工工件表面质量,为开发实用的铣削加工过程物理仿真系统奠定了坚实的基础,对发展数控加工技术和指导实际生产具有一定的意义。     

球头铣刀曲面加工铣削力建模与仿真分析

在曲面铣削过程中,由于工件外形复杂,刀具位姿多变,使球头铣刀铣削力模型的建立较为困难。本文在考虑工件表面几何特征和刀具位姿变化的基础上,通过解析法确定了刀-工切削接触区域的边界条件,利用空间坐标旋转变换得到了适用于复杂曲面加工的五轴球头铣刀铣削力模型,对铣削力模型进行仿真并通过试验验证了模型的有效性。     

薄壁零件高速铣削稳定性预测与验证

针对薄壁零件高速铣削加工系统小刚度、动态变化的频响特点和高阶动态特性,研究其无颤振稳定铣削的极限预测理论。针对薄壁结构小刚度的频响特性,建立由刀具子系统和工件子系统之间的相对动态特性决定的铣削动力学模型和无颤振稳定切削的临界条件;针对高速铣削的高转速特点,建立基于多自由度系统高阶动态特性的稳定性极限预测模型;针对薄壁结构在加工过程中其动态特性的时变性,提出通过跟踪工件在不同加工阶段的动态特性进行稳定性极限预测的方法。对典型薄壁结构进行切削试验,试验结果验证了所提出的稳定性预测模型和预测方法的有效性。     

微铣削再生颤振动力学建模及稳定性分析

再生颤振是制约微铣削加工效率和加工质量的主要因素.以微铣削加工为研究对象,建立了考虑再生效应的微铣削颤振系统动力学模型和颤振稳定域解析模型,通过模态实验获得机床-刀具系统的频响函数,在此基础上综合使用铣削稳定性判据进行数值分析,获得了颤振稳定域解析解.最后进行了颤振稳定性加工实验,实验结果与仿真结果吻合良好,验证了建立的微铣削颤振系统动力学模型和颤振稳定域解析模型的正确性.     

基于有限元仿真的拼接模具铣削用刀具优化

对ABAQUS软件进行了二次开发,以实现拼接模具铣削过程仿真前处理的快速建模。对铣削力、应力和刀具温度进行仿真,并与铣削实验结果对比,验证了仿真模型的准确性。对不同前角、后角、螺旋角及刃口半径的球头铣刀铣削拼接模具的过程进行模拟仿真,采用遗传算法优化铣刀结构,将优化后的结构参数与传统结构参数代入刀具磨损、工件表面质量的对比实验,从而验证了优化的有效性。研究表明,对仿真前处理进行快速建模的二次开发运行成功,模拟结果准确。研究结果为降低制造成本、提高铣刀寿命和工件表面质量提供了理论参考。     

多硬度拼接淬硬钢铣削动力学分析

颤振是金属切削加工过程中由于刀具和工件之间相互作用所产生的一种强烈的自激振动现象,会导致切削力幅值增加且发生剧烈波动,进而降低工件表面质量和刀具使用寿命。针对此问题,基于铣削过程稳定性预测分析方法建立多硬度拼接工件的动态铣削系统,对多硬度拼接模具铣削过程稳定性进行深入研究,实现了对拼接模具铣削加工过程颤振稳定域的仿真,进而研究了模态参数对稳定性叶瓣图形状的影响。最后通过时域分析、表面形貌和刀具磨损的研究,综合验证了稳定性预测曲线的精度。研究结果为多硬度拼接模具铣削加工提供理论基础,并设置合理的加工参数来实现金属最大切除率,为大型汽车覆盖件模具铣削加工提供理论依据及技术指导。     

模具平面铣削加工动态仿真研究

在平面铣削颤振产生机理的基础上,简单论述了一种更精确有效的动态铣削力理论模型的建立过程,该模型充分考虑瞬态切屑的厚度及有效前角对动态铣削力的影响。在此基础上,运用数字仿真技术在频域内建立起动态铣削力和刀具-工件系统的相对振动位移的计算机仿真模型。利用该仿真模型,可以实时显示不同工艺参数和加工参数状态下动态铣削力的数值及其功率谱密度图形以及刀具-工件系统的动态振动位移图形。仿真结果将为预测和消除铣削过程的颤振现象,保证加工质量和加工效率,延长刀具使用寿命提供可靠的依据。     

Time domain coupled simulation of machine tool dynamics and cutting forces considering the influences of nonlinear friction characteristics and process damping

A higher machining ability is always required for NC machine tools to achieve higher productivity. The self-oscillated vibration called “chatter” is a well-known and significant problem that increases the metal removal rate. The generation process of the chatter vibration can be described as a relationship between cutting force and machine tool dynamics. The characteristics of machine tool feed drives are influenced by the nonlinear friction characteristics of the linear guides. Hence, the nonlinear friction characteristics are expected to affect the machining ability of machines. The influence of the contact between the cutting edge and the workpiece (i.e., process damping) on to the machining ability has also been investigated. This study tries to clarify the influence of the nonlinear friction characteristics of linear guides and ball screws and process damping onto milling operations. A vertical-type machining center is modeled by a multi-body dynamics model with nonlinear friction models. The influence of process damping onto the machine tool dynamics is modeled as stiffness and damping between the tool and the workpiece based on the evaluated frequency response during the milling operation. A time domain-coupled simulation approach between the machine tool behavior and the cutting forces is performed by using the machine tool dynamics model. The simulation results confirm that the nonlinear frictions influence the cutting forces with an effect to suppress the chatter vibration. Furthermore, the influence of process damping can be evaluated by the proposed measurement method and estimated by a time domain simulation.     

数控铣削仿真系统的研究

根据数控铣削加工特点,提出一个基于Z-MAP结构的工件分解表达模型,利用该模型与刀具实体模型做布尔减运算,实时模拟工件材料的去除加工过程,并对仿真结果进行检验。仿真实例证明,该系统运行可靠,可提高数控加工效率。     

Integration of Milling Process Simulation with On-Line Monitoring and Control

This paper describes the practical integration of solid modelling with milling process simulation, on-line monitoring and supervisory control. Extensions to the ACIS solid modeller parse the NC program file, determine the tool/workpiece immersion geometry for each motion, and then subtract the tool swept volume to update the part shape. The immersion geometry is then used with a mechanistic milling process model to schedule optimal feedrates, to provide on-line reference data for monitoring, and to calculate departure paths so that, if unexpected events require it, the tool can be moved smoothly away from the workpiece. The additional information is embedded into the original NC program. This information is recognised by a supervisory control computer that monitors the process, and uses the information to react intelligently to tool wear, breakage, or chatter. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the validity of the technique.     

SIMULATION CONCEPT FOR PREDICTING WORKPIECE VIBRATIONS IN FIVE-AXIS MILLING

The characteristic discontinuous cut of the milling process influences the whole machining process by an increased susceptibility to vibrations of the machine-tool-workpiece system. This can result in undesirable effects on the workpiece surface or in a shorter lifetime of the tool and the spindle. Especially with regard to the machining of thin-walled components, such as turbine blades and thin profiles, the dynamic behavior of the workpiece is of particular interest. In this paper a simulation concept for predicting regenerative workpiece vibrations during the five-axis milling process is presented. This concept combines an accurate and fast simulation of the five-axis machining process including material removal and force calculation with an implemented finite element model for computing workpiece displacements. The simulation results are compared with data from experiments, which were conducted using a milling tool with high stiffness in order to minimize the influence of the milling tool dynamics.     

Two degree of freedom frequency domain surface location error prediction

This paper presents a two degree of freedom (DOF) closed-form frequency domain solution for surface location error prediction, including both the tool and workpiece flexibility. The cycloidal tool path is incorporated in the solution and the machined surface geometry is described by combining the tool path with the tool and workpiece displacements in two directions. For prediction validation, a two DOF flexure stage with tunable dynamics was constructed and milling tests were performed over a range of spindle speeds. Time domain simulations were also completed and a comparison between the closed-form frequency domain surface location error predictions, time domain predictions, and experimental results is provided.     

应用“力信号时间序列分析”在线监测铣削过程中刀具破损

一般铣削加工中用于刀具破损监控的力信号时间序列建模方法已为很多科研工作者探讨和研究,并取得了很多成果。本文通过对铣削机理的分析,决定将力信号中确定性的部分分离掉,而采用一阶自适应自回归时间序列和简单的二阶差分方法跟踪信号中的剩余部分（随机部分）。在铣削过程中出现的铣削瞬态（铣削中的切入、切出、凹孔、槽沟和工件几何缺陷等现象）,将不会影响这种方法对刀具破损现象的识别。实验室的研究结果表明这种方法具有很高的实用性。     

Force prediction and stability analysis of plunge milling of systems with rigid and flexible workpiece

Time domain simulation model is developed to study the dynamics of plunge milling process for system with rigid and flexible workpiece. The model predicts the cutting forces, system vibration as a function of workpiece and tool dynamics, tool setting errors, and tool kinematics and geometry. A horizontal approach is used to compute the chip area to consider the contribution of the main and side edge in the cutting zone and to deal with any geometric shape of the insert. The dynamic chip area is evaluated based on the interaction of the insert main and side cutting edges with the workpiece geometry determined by the pilot hole and surface left by the previous insert. For the case of system with a flexible workpiece, the workpiece dynamics, as well as its variation in the axial direction with respect to hole location, is considered in the simulation. Cutting tests with single and double inserts were carried out to validate the simulation model and predicted stability lobe for both systems with rigid and flexible workpiece and to check the correctness of the cutting coefficient model. Good agreement was found between the measured and the predicted cutting forces and vibration signals and power spectra. This indicates the ability of the model to accurately predict cutting forces, system vibration, and process stability for process planning prior to machining. The results show dominance of workpiece dynamics in the axial direction for systems with flexible workpiece due to its flexibility as compared to the tool axial rigidity. On the other hand, chatter behavior was found to occur due to tool lateral modes for case of rigid workpiece.     

CNC铣床切削颤振的动态性能试验分析

以一台大型数控内齿铣齿机为研究对象,结合切削颤振稳定性极限理论与动力学试验,测量机床刀具和工件间相对激振的频率响应曲线,并进行试验模态分析以及切削试验,得出机床振动的各个频率与振型.经对比,找出切削颤振的主振频率.     

Milling Force Model for Aviation Aluminum Alloy:Academic Insight and Perspective Analysis

Aluminum alloy is the main structural material of aircraft,launch vehicle,spaceship,and space station and is pro-cessed by milling.However,tool wear and vibration are the bottlenecks in the milling process of aviation aluminum alloy.The machining accuracy and surface quality of aluminum alloy milling depend on the cutting parameters,material mechanical properties,machine tools,and other parameters.In particular,milling force is the crucial factor to determine material removal and workpiece surface integrity.However,establishing the prediction model of milling force is important and difficult because milling force is the result of multiparameter coupling of process system.The research progress of cutting force model is reviewed from three modeling methods:empirical model,finite element simulation,and instantaneous milling force model.The problems of cutting force modeling are also determined.In view of these problems,the future work direction is proposed in the following four aspects:(1)high-speed milling is adopted for the thin-walled structure of large aviation with large cutting depth,which easily produces high residual stress.The residual stress should be analyzed under this particular condition.(2)Multiple factors(e.g.,eccentric swing milling parameters,lubrication conditions,tools,tool and workpiece deformation,and size effect)should be consid-ered comprehensively when modeling instantaneous milling forces,especially for micro milling and complex surface machining.(3)The database of milling force model,including the corresponding workpiece materials,working condi-tion,cutting tools(geometric figures and coatings),and other parameters,should be established.(4)The effect of chatter on the prediction accuracy of milling force cannot be ignored in thin-walled workpiece milling.(5)The cutting force of aviation aluminum alloy milling under the condition of minimum quantity lubrication(mql)and nanofluid mql should be predicted.     

车铣加工切削机理分析

车铣加工通过将车刀更换为铣刀,增加铣刀转动自由度,基于工件转动和铣刀转动的合成运动,完成对工件的加工.车铣加工具有断屑更容易、切削温度低、切削力小等优点,即使工件低速旋转,也能实现高速切削.对车铣加工的切削机理进行了分析,具体包括刀具磨损机理、切屑形成机理、工件表面质量、难加工材料切削等.