氧化锌薄膜的阴极电沉积法制备及性能

以硝酸锌溶液为沉积液,采用阴极电沉积技术在ITO导电玻璃基片上制备ZnO薄膜．分析了Zn（NO3）2体系ZnO的电化学沉积机理及反应过程,考察了沉积电位和Zn（NO3）2浓度对沉积过程、薄膜结构及其性能的影响结果表明：沉积电位和Zn（NO3）2浓度对薄膜形貌都有着显著的影响,沉积速率随沉积电位和Zn（NO3）2浓度的增加而增大;当沉积电位和Zn（NO3）2浓度较小时,薄膜粒径小,透光性相对较高．     

Surface characteristics and structure of oxide films containing Ca and P on Ti substrate

The oxide films were obtained in an electrolyte of calcium glyeerphosphate (Ca-GP) and calcium acetate (CA) by mieroare oxidation (MAO). The oxide films displayed a porous and rough structure on the film surface, and the roughness tended to increase with inereasing voltage of mieroare oxidation. The oxide film exhibited a uniform coating and tends to be well boned to the substrate. The thiekness of oxide films depended on the final voltage at a eonstant concentration of eleetrolyte solution. Ca and P were also incorporated into the oxide film during the mieroarc oxidation process, It was found that the electrolyte of ealeium glyeerphosphate ( Ca-GP) and ealeium acetate (CA) was suitable for microarc oxidation to form oxide film eontaining Ca and P on Ti substrate. The eoneentration of Ca and P were 11.6 at% and 6. 4 at% , respectively, when microare oxidation was performed in the electrolyte of 0. 06 M Ca-GP and 0. 25 M CA at current density 50 A/m^2 and final voltage 350 V. The composition of the Ca, P and Ti changed during depth profiling. The crystalline phases were only anatase when final voltage was below 300 V and rutile was presented when voltage was up to 350V. The microstructure, phase structure and phase composition were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) , atomic foree microscope (AFM) , energy dispersive X-ray mieroanalyser (EDX) , and X-ray diffraction (XRD),     

薄层油膜在电解质溶液中的导电机制转变

薄层油膜在电解质中的电位变化是一个电化学过程，采用组合式微电极研究了薄层油膜在5％Na2SO4溶液中导电机制转变行为。结果表明：薄层油膜在电解质溶液中存在导电机制由电子导体向离子导体转变现象，表现为薄层油膜在浸泡初期，电位随时间变化发生正移，当浸泡一段时间后，薄层油膜的电位开始随时间变化发生负移，理论分析说明：当油膜为电子导体时，所测得的电位值实际上反应了电解质溶液中的氧化剂在油膜／电解质界面发生还原反应时的平衡电位，当油膜为离子导体时，所测得的电位值实际上反应了金属在金属／油膜界面发生氧化反应时的平衡电位，因此，采用组合式微电极，通过对薄层油膜电位的精确测量，可以研究高阻薄膜（如薄层油膜）在电解质溶液中导电机制转变。     

Preparation of Bi2-xSbxTe3 thermoelectric films by electrodeposition

1. Introduction In the last decade, green power sources have attract- ed much attention because of severe environmental problem. As a green power source, the greatest virtue of a thermoelectric power generator is that it makes use of all kinds of heat (so…     

多孔型阳极氧化铝膜的制备及微观分析

在硫酸电解液、草酸和磷酸电解液中,采用阳极氧化方法制备多孔型氧化铝膜。通过扫描电子显微镜对多孔型氧化铝膜进行形貌表征。根据试验得到:当0.3mol/L硫酸中,恒压25V阳极氧化1h可得到孔径约为40～60nm多孔氧化铝膜。在电解液为10.0g/L草酸与3.0ml/L磷酸混合液中,恒压140V二次阳极氧化可得到孔径为160～190nm多孔氧化铝膜。讨论了高温退火及磷酸处理对多孔氧化铝膜的影响,并进行了机理分析。     

等离子体辅助热丝化学气相沉积金刚石复合膜

运用等离子体辅助热丝化学气相沉积设备分别进行了金刚石膜和金刚石 /碳化钛复合膜的沉积。实验条件 :甲烷流量与氢气流量比为 1∶5 0 ,基体温度 860℃ ,等离子体偏压 30 0V ,沉积气压 4kPa。运用扫描电子显微镜 (SEM )分别观察了沉积膜的表面和断面形貌 ;运用能量扩散电子谱 (EDX)对沉积的复合膜进行分析 ,观察到Ti元素峰和C元素峰 ;运用X射线衍射 (XRD)得到相应的金刚石衍射峰和碳化钛衍射峰。实验表明 ,用等离子体辅助热丝化学气相沉积法可以制备出晶型良好的金刚石复合膜     

Vinylene carbonate additive for EMITFSI-based electrolyte for Li/LiFePO4 batteries

Ionic liquids have been paid much attention and are considered to replace the conventional organic electrolyte and solve the safety issues by virtue of nonvolatility,non-flammability,high ionic conductivity and extended electrochemical steady window.The paper introduces ionic liquids electrolyte on basis of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (EMITFSI),which shows a wide electrochemical window (0.5-4.5 V vs.Li+/Li),and is theoretically feasible as an electrolyte for Li/LiFePO4batteries to improve the safety.Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) was performed to investigate the electrochemical stability window of the polymer electrolyte.Interfacial resistance for Li/electrolyte/Li symmetric cells and Li/electrolyte/LiFePO4 cells were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).The results showed that additive vinylene carbonate (VC) enhances the formation of solid electrolyte interphase film to protect lithium anodes from corrosion and improves the compatibility of ionic liquid electrolyte towards lithium anodes.Accordingly,Li/LiFePO4cells delivers the initial discharge capacity of 124 mAh g-1 at a current rate of 0.1C in the ionic liquid electrolyte (EMITFSI+0.8 mol L-1LiTFSI+5 wt%VC),and shows better cyclability than in the ionic liquid electrolyte without VC.     

玻璃衬底沉积氮化硅薄膜性能研究

为了改善玻璃衬底上制备的薄膜太阳电池的转换效率,采用高纯氮气作为等离子体气源,以质量分数为5%的SiH_4(Ar稀释)作为前驱气源,利用电子回旋共振-等离子体增强化学气相沉积技术在玻璃衬底上低温制备了氮化硅薄膜;利用各种测试设备分析了薄膜的成分、光学性能和表面形貌.结果表明:实验制备的非晶薄膜含氢量较低;薄膜的折射率随着衬底温度和微波功率的增加而增加.在衬底温度为350℃、微波功率为650 W时,薄膜的折射率在2.0左右,平均粗糙度为1.45 nm,还说明薄膜具有良好的光学性能和较高的表面质量.在此条件下,薄膜的沉积速率达到10.7 nm/min,表明本实验能在较高的沉积速率下制备均匀、平整、优质的SiN薄膜.     

Ti6Al4V合金表面纳米管阵列的制备

以氢氟酸和铬酸为电解液,采用阳极氧化法在Ti6Al4V合金表面制备高密度的纳米管阵列.利用场发射扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和X射线光电子能谱对多孔氧化膜的形貌和结构进行分析,利用极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱研究了电解液中CrO3的作用机理.结果表明:电解液种类决定能否形成多孔氧化膜,而电解液的浓度影响多孔氧化膜的形貌和孔径大小;纳米管阵列氧化膜主要由大部分非晶态组织的TiO2,Al2O3和少部分晶态的Al2TiO5,Al3Ti5O2,Al2O3组成,氧化膜内的Al,Ti原子比高于基体中的Al,Ti原子比;CrO3浓度的高低会影响氧化膜的结构.     

电化学沉积CdS薄膜及其在CZTS薄膜太阳能电池中的应用

采用硫代硫酸钠、硫酸镉,配以有机酸NTA调节溶液pH值,首次在碱性环境中电沉积制备CdS薄膜,并将其应用到Cu2ZnSnS4（CZTS）薄膜太阳能电池中作为缓冲层．实验探讨了pH值、溶液浓度、沉积电位对薄膜晶体结构、形貌、界面等微观结构以及光学特性的影响、在pH值为9．36、Cd2＋浓度为0．025mol／L、沉积电位为-1．7V时,获得了表面均匀致密而无针孔、近化学计量原子比、禁带宽度为2．4eV的CdS薄膜,将其应用于CZTS薄膜太阳能电池中,所制备的缓冲层CdS薄膜展现了与CZTS薄膜良好的匹配性,CZTS／CdS的P—n结质量得到改善．     

Composite Cathode Bi1.14Sr0.43O2.14-Ag for Intermediate-temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Composites consisting of strontium stabilized bismuth oxide (Bi1.14Sr0.43O2.14 SSB) and silver were investigated as cathodes for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells with doped ceria electrolyte. There were no chemical reactions between the two components. The microstructure of the interfaces between composite cathodes and Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 (SDC) electrolytes was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Impedance spectroscopy measurements show that the performance of cathode fired at 700℃ is the best. When the content of Ag2O is 70wt%, polarization resistance values for the SSB-Ag cathodes are as low as 0.2Ωcm2 at 700℃ and 0.29Ωcm2 at 650℃. These results are much smaller than some of other reported composite cathodes on doped ceria electrolyte and indicate that SSB-Ag composite is a potential cathode material for intermediate temperature SOFCs.     

18—8不锈钢钝化膜的光电化学研究

本文研究了18—8不锈钢钝化膜在硼酸/硼酸钠溶液中的光电化学特性,并和相同条件F纯铁、铬、镍以及铁铬合金钝化膜的光电化学行为进行了比较。结果指出,不锈钢钝化膜主要由Cr_2O_3和Fe_2O_3的固溶体组成,并具有非晶态n型半导体特性。其平带电位为-0.30V(SCE),禁带宽度为2.1eV。     

铝电解阴极过程的电化学研究

用电化学方法研究了在纯冰晶石、工业电解质和低熔点电解质中铝的电解沉积和溶解损失研究表明，铝的沉积为简单的3电子传递反应；铝的再溶解损失由金属／熔液界面层中的稳态传质控制，其速度分别为0．247，0102和0．0423A·cm－2结果证明在低熔点电解质熔液中，电解制取铝具有很高的电流效率．     

等离子体辅助热丝化学气相沉积金刚石膜

采用等离子辅助热丝化学气相沉积 (PAHFCVD)装置进行了金刚石薄膜的制备。并运用X射线衍射 (XRD)和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)测试手段对沉积的金刚石薄膜进行了观察分析。在甲烷与氢气体积比为 2∶98、基体温度为 80 0℃、等离子体偏压 40 0V、沉积气压 4kPa的沉积条件下可获得晶形完整的金刚石膜 ,其沉积速率可达 1 1 μm·h- 1 。     

载镍活性炭材料及复合型超级电容器

为提高碳基电化学电容器的比电容和和能量密度,采用化学沉积法将少量镍氧化物沉积在活性炭上,得到沉积镍氧化物的活性炭材料并以此材料做成复合电极用于混合型电化学电容器的正极.研究显示,沉积镍氧化物后,碳材料的比表面积略有减小,但孔径分布没有明显变化.复合电极作为混合型电容器的正极时,比电容达到194.01F/g,比纯活性炭正极的175F/g提高了10.84%;复合电极在6mol/L的电解液中析氧电势为0.296V,比纯活性炭电极的0.220V高出0.076V,因此,具有较高的能量密度.不同放电电流密度下的恒电流测试结果显示,沉积镍氧化物活性炭复合电极的比电容值没有明显变化,与纯活性炭电极一样表现出良好的功率特性.采用沉积镍氧化物活性炭作为正极材料的复合型电容器,在6mol/L的KOH水溶液作为电解液时,单体电容器的工作电压可以达到1.2V,高于纯活性炭制备的双层型电容器0.2V.充放电循环10000次时,复合型电容器的电容仅降低到初始电容的90%.上述结果表明,在活性炭上沉积少量镍氧化物颗粒可以提高碳基电化学电容器的比电容和能量密度.     

ZStructural and Electrical Properties of Cu Films by dc Biased Plasma-Sputter-Deposited on MgO(001)

Cu films of 30nm and 15nm thick were deposited on MgO(001) s ubstrates at 185℃ by dc plasma-sputtering at 1.9kV and 8mA in pure Ar gas. A dc bias voltage Vs of 0V or 80V was applied to the substrate d uring deposition. Structural and electrical properties have been inves tigated by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM), hi gh resolution XTEM (XHRTEM) and by measuring temperature coefficient o f electrical resistance (TCR; 　) in the temperature interval of 135℃ to 0℃. The Cu film is polycrystalline at Vs=0V while it epitaxially grows with Cu(001)‖MgO(001) and Cu[010]‖MgO[010] at Vs=80V. However, the latter has a very rough surface. The change of 　 with film thick ness and Vs is interpreted in terms of the structure change. Misfit di slocations and lattice expansion are induced along the MgO surface to relax the strain energy due to the lattice mismatch between Cu and MgO .     

脉冲偏压对铝合金上TiN膜生长的影响

为了研究在铝合金上硬质膜的性能,促进硬质TiN膜在铝合金构件上的应用,利用电弧离子镀在7075铝合金上沉积TiN膜层,并通过改变脉冲偏压幅值研究其对薄膜生长过程的影响.结果表明,生长的TiN膜具有柱状特征,在无偏压或低偏压时,柱状特征明显,但随着负偏压值的增大,柱状特征变得不明显,膜层中Ti和N的原子比率增加,由无偏压、低偏压时近似为1.0增加到-200V偏压时的1.2.在0～-200V偏压范围内,沉积膜的平均生长速率由1.5μm/h增加到11.3μm/h.随着负偏压的增加,TiN膜的(111)方向的择优取向越来越明显,而(200)方向强度越来越小.沉积膜呈柱状生长,具有明显的择优取向,其程度受脉冲偏压影响.     

Droplet creator based on electrowetting-on-dielectric for lab on a chip

With the development of micromachining technology, the micro total analysis system (μTAS) or lab on a chip (LOC) is becoming an interdisciplinary research area, involving the micromechanical system (MEMS), biotechnology, analysis chemistry and others, and has been widely applied to many fields, such as chemical analysis, biochemical sensing, drug delivery, molecular separation, amplification, sequencing and synthesis of nucleic acids, environmental monitoring, and others. The manipulation …     

Adhesion of NiCu Films DC Biased Plasma-Sputter-Deposited on MgO (001)

NiCu films about 60nm thick were deposited on MgO (001) substrates at 230℃ by DC plasma-sputtering at 2.7kV and 8mA in pure Ar gas using a Ni90Cu10 target. A DC bias voltage of 0, 60, 110 or 140V was applied to the substrate during deposition. The adhesion of the film to the substrate was studied using a scratch test as a function of . The application of is very effective in increasing the adhesion of the film to the substrate. In conclusion, the adhesion increases with cleaning the substrate surface by sputtering off impurity admolecules during the film initial formation due to the energetic Ar ion particle bombardment.     

表面覆盖钛薄膜的纳米片状碳膜场发射特性(英文)

利用石英管型波等离子体化学气相沉积装置在Si衬底上沉积了纳米片状碳膜,然后采用电子束蒸镀方法在碳膜表面沉积了一层2 nm厚的Ti膜,并在高真空系统中测量了覆盖Ti膜前后的纳米片状碳膜的场发射特性.研究表明:覆盖Ti膜的纳米片状碳膜因表面生成碳化钛而改性,使得场发射特性得到改善;表面覆盖Ti膜后,阈值电场由2.6 V/μm下降到2.0 V/μm,当电场增加到9 V/μm时,场发射电流由12.4 mA/cm2增加到20.2 mA/cm2.