废润滑油再生技术的研究进展

介绍了废润滑油的组成、再生原理及近期再生工艺和研究进展,并对废润滑油各种再生工艺进行了分析和比较。再炼制成基础油是废润滑油再利用的主要方法,溶剂萃取、蒸馏、加氢精制、膜分离工艺是废润滑油再炼制成基础油的主要工艺,加氢精制工艺是最具发展前景的废润滑油再生工艺。开发便宜、环境友好的萃取剂,加强蒸馏工艺的研究,提高分离膜的分离能力和抗污染的能力,解决废润滑油加工成柴油或燃料油的环境污染问题是将来废润滑油再利用的发展方向。     

Palygorskite clays for treating used lube oils

Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 6, pp. 14–15, 1992.     

Economic evaluation of new crude oils as raw materials for manufacture of high viscosity-index oils

Conclusions Technical-economic calculations have revealed the economic feasibility of and favorable outlook for commercial production of petroleum lubricating oils with viscosity indexes of about 100 from crude oils from the new Ust' -Balyk and Uzen' fields, the latter crude being highly paraffinic.Thus, the net operating cost and adjusted cost for production of high-viscosity-index oils from Ust'-Balyk and Uzen' crudes by the processing scheme used in USSR refineries is lower than for the production of oils with average viscosity indexes of 85–88 from Romashkino crude.Complete processing of the slack waxes and petrolatums to recover paraffin waxes and ceresins is a necessary condition for the economical production of lubricating oils from Uzen' crude.Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 7, pp. 24–28, July, 1970.     

Essential oils composition and bioactivities of two species leaves used as packaging materials in Xishuangbanna,China

This study reports the essential oils chemical composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials of the leaves of Phrynium pubinerve Blume and Thysanolaena latifolia (Roxb. ex Hornem.) Honda, which are used as natural packaging materials by ethnic groups in Xishuangbanna, southwest China. GC–MS analysis identified 46 and 21 components, representing 88.6% and 93.4% of the essential oils of P. pubinerve and T. latifolia, respectively. The major constituents for P. pubinerve were (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol (17.31%), (E)-2-hexenal (9.01%) and 1-hexanol (8.61%). The major constituents for T. latifolia were (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol (28.79%), phytol (12.30) and (E)-β-ionone (9.54%). Both the essential oils and ethanol extracts showed antioxidant activity in DPPH test (IC₅₀ values = 192.47–706.07 μg/ml), ABTS assay (IC₅₀ values = 35.54–134.97 μg/ml) and FRAP assays. The essential oils showed considerable antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria and spoilage organisms, with MIC and MBC values in the ranges of 64–3072 μg/ml and 64–4096 μg/ml, respectively. The bioactivities of these two plant species validate the traditional use of these two plants, suggesting that both could be new sources of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents for the packaging, medical and functional food industries.     

Electrochemical regeneration of used caustic solutions

Straight-run naphtha cuts are alkalized with 8–12% solutions of caustic soda to neutralize the acid and organosulfur compounds in them. Translated fromKhimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 3, pp. 49–51, May–June, 2000.     

Technology of used motor oil regeneration

The process of two-stage deasphalting of heavy resid with addition of used waste motor oil in the second stage is studied. A technology has been developed for used oil regeneration using two-stage deasphalting process. The second stage deasphalted oil can be used as the base oil.