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介绍了一种基于嵌入式TCP/IP技术的恒温振荡器的数据传输系统,使TCP/IP技术应用于恒温振荡器的设计,实现远程监控的功能.给出了恒温振荡器温度和速度控制等关键技术的实现方法. 相似文献
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介绍一种测温范围在-100~ 200℃的温度传感器及其光纤传输系统。其信号检测部分采用微功耗电子集成电路,温度信号用脉冲位置调制并用光纤传输,具有高精度和抗各种干扰的能力。 相似文献
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为解决微弱电信号在远距离传输过程中易受干扰、易衰减的问题,并实现多路信号的同步传输,设计了一个低成本、高精度的多路信号远距离传输系统。该传输系统基于V/F和F/V转换原理,采用以LM331为转换电路的转换器,结合信号的调理和多路复用、解复技术,通过光纤实现多路信号的同步传输。此外,以计算机为上位机,在LabWindows/CVI平台下开发了一个温度采集系统。该系统可实时显示并保存采集到的温度数据,并通过图表动态地显示温度的变化曲线。为检测系统的抗干扰能力,在脉冲高压环境下分别对系统进行了标定试验和温度测量试验。试验结果表明,该传输系统能够稳定、快速、精准地传输信号;温度采集系统可实现对温度的实时采集、显示与保存。该系统在信号传输技术领域,尤其是在信号传输环境比较恶劣的情况下,具有一定的参考与实用价值。 相似文献
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在电子对抗系统、雷达系统、卫星导航和深空探测等多个领域中,微波信号经激光器调制后加载到光信号上经过光纤传输后其相位受外界环境的影响,无法实现稳相传输。首次提出了一种双向同源相参微波光纤稳相传输系统,可实现微波信号在光纤中稳相传输。该系统利用恒温晶振产生相位稳定的多路同参基准信号,一路信号用做光纤传输的相位变化识别信号,经激光器调制成光信号,然后由光分路器分出多路光参考信号与需稳相的信号进行同光纤传输;其它同参信号作为基准信号与经过光纤传输的相位识别信号进行鉴相,其中基准信号与参考信号相参,构建2种信号相参的机理,实现以相位变化为参量的鉴相系统,利用参考信号的相位变化完成对传输的宽带射频微波信号相位变化的识别。在鉴相实现过程中,采用双平衡混频器完成对参考信号相位变化实时鉴相,由单片机对参考信号相位的实时变化进行采样,实时控制可调电动延时线(VODL)进行光传输链路光程差的跟踪补偿,完成对需稳相信号和参考信号的相位主动补偿,实现宽带射频微波信号光纤稳相传输。 相似文献
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为研究半导体器件的瞬态热学特性,研制了基于半导体加热制冷片(TEC)的小型快速高精度恒温系统;论述了基于STM32F103RBT6的加热制冷恒温系统设计,系统以微控制器STM32F103RBT6,恒温驱动电路,TEC和温度采集电路为硬件,用数字PID(proportion integration differentiation)算法实时调整输出脉宽调制信号PWM(pulse-width modulation),直到温度在预设精度范围内,从而实现恒温控制;系统采用H桥电路实现快速加热制冷,恒温驱动电路采用无源滤波器和有源滤波器构成的混合滤波器大大降低了电流纹波,提高了系统控温精度;实验结果表明,恒温系统工作稳定可靠,控制精度高,可快速加热制冷,在微小型恒温系统研制方面有一定的实用和推广价值。 相似文献
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罗倩 《自动化技术与应用》2020,39(2):119-123
针对传统恒温槽控制系统存在控制精度低、响应速度慢等缺点,设计了一种基于ARM的恒温控制系统。系统以ARM为开发平台,利用恒流源电路激励温度传感器,通过温度采集电路采集恒温槽内温度的变化情况,采用24位高精度ADC对PT100温度传感器输出的信号进行采集,最后在单片机内部对数据进行处理计算,最后把计算结果通过RS232的方式发送到上位机显示。实际实验结果表明,该恒温控制系统测温范围在-40℃~400℃,测温精度可以达到0.01℃,系统具有能耗小、体积小、成本低、操作方便等优点。 相似文献
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林开生 《自动化技术与应用》2010,29(1):124-127
介绍一种实现直流电机远程PWM调速及温度检测的单片机系统硬件结构,基于RS-485总线的信息传输与交换硬件接口,应用程序结构及各组成部分作用,PWM调速的软件实现,恒温控制算法等。 相似文献
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针对协作机器人的构型分析研究,得出了偏置是影响机器人构型的一个重要因素。首先,对现有典型协作机器人的构型进行分析,通过构型间的内在联系与演化过程得到构型之间的差异。然后利用构型之间的差异引出了偏置的定义,并通过偏置对关节运动范围的影响将其分为S型偏置和Y型偏置。最后以全局性能指标、工作空间体积指标和灵活工作空间指标为性能评价标准,对iiwa、Sawyer、Yumi三种典型构型的性能进行了仿真。通过对比分析可知,偏置的存在使构型的全局性能和工作空间体积性能降低,但对灵活工作空间性能有提高作用。结果表明偏置是影响机器人性能的重要因素,该分析研究为协作机器人的构型设计提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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启发于生物狼群群体的劳动分工行为,本文提出一种新颖的角色?匹配狼群劳动分工方法。通过剖析自然狼群的生物学行为,概括提炼出狼群劳动分工行为的个体任务的专职化、个体角色可塑性和任务分配均衡性3个典型特征,并建立了生物狼群劳动分工行为与普适性任务分配问题之间的仿生映射关系;从狼群“个体?个体”+“个体?环境”的交互方式角度出发,分析了角色?匹配的狼群劳动分工的个体角色转换和任务调整机制,研究了狼群角色?匹配的柔性劳动分工机制,提出了一种新的群智能方法,即角色?匹配的狼群劳动分工方法;将狼群的角色?匹配劳动分工与蚁群的刺激?响应劳动分工和蜂群的激发?抑制劳动分工进行了比较分析,并展示出角色?匹配狼群劳动分工方法的应用前景。 相似文献
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Expert system verification and validation: a survey and tutorial 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Assuring the quality of an expert system is critical. A poor quality system may make costly errors resulting in considerable damage to the user or owner of the system, such as financial loss or human suffering. Hence verification and validation, methods and techniques aimed at ensuring quality, are fundamentally important. This paper surveys the issues, methods and techniques for verifying and validating expert systems. Approaches to defining the quality of a system are discussed, drawing upon work in both computing and the model building disciplines, which leads to definitions of verification and validation and the associated concepts of credibility, assessment and evaluation. An approach to verification based upon the detection of anomalies is presented, and related to the concepts of consistency, completeness, correctness and redundancy. Automated tools for expert system verification are reviewed. Considerable attention is then given to the issues in structuring the validation process, particularly the establishment of the criteria by which the system is judged, the need to maintain objectivity, and the concept of reliability. This is followed by a review of validation methods for validating both the components of a system and the system as a whole, and includes examples of some useful statistical methods. Management of the verification and validation process is then considered, and it is seen that the location of methods for verification and validation in the development life-cycle is of prime importance. 相似文献
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The new method of defuzzification of output parameters from the base of fuzzy rules for a Mamdani fuzzy controller is given in the paper. The peculiarity of the method is the usage of the universal equation for the area computation of the geometric shapes. During the realization of fuzzy inference linguistic terms, the structure changes from the triangular into a trapezoidal shape. That is why the universal equation is used. The method is limited and can be used only for the triangular and trapezoidal membership functions. Gaussian functions can also be used while modifying the proposed method. Traditional defuzzification models such as Middle of Maxima − MoM, First of Maxima − FoM, Last of Maxima − LoM, First of Suppport − FoS, Last of Support − LoS, Middle of Support − MoS, Center of Sums − CoS, Model of Height − MoH have a number of systematic errors: curse of dimensionality, partition of unity condition and absence of additivity. The above-mentioned methods can be seen as Center of Gravity − CoG, which has the same errors. These errors lead to the fact that accuracy of fuzzy systems decreases, because during the training root mean square error increases. One of the reasons that provokes the errors is that some of the activated fuzzy rules are excluded from the fuzzy inference. It is also possible to increase the accuracy of the fuzzy system through properties of continuity. The proposed method guarantees fulfilling of the property of continuity, as the intersection point of the adjustment linguistic terms equals 0.5 when a parametrized membership function is used. The causes of errors and a way to delete them are reviewed in the paper. The proposed method excludes errors which are inherent to the traditional and non- traditional models of defuzzification. Comparative analysis of the proposed method of defuzzification with traditional and non-traditional models shows its effectiveness. 相似文献
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软件脆弱性已成为互联网安全的主要威胁来源,软件脆弱性分析技术的重要性日益突出。模糊测试是脆弱性分析的热点技术之一,通过持续生成测试用例、动态监控目标代码执行和反馈调节变异策略的方法尝试触发程序异常,具有部署便捷、适用性广和效果直观的优点。随着测试目标的复杂性增加,从业人员对模糊测试的效率提出了更高的要求。并行模糊测试通过并行执行、任务分解和共享信息等方法提高脆弱性分析的效率。首先,分析了基于覆盖反馈的模糊测试面临的主要挑战;之后,探讨了并行模糊测试的解决思路和方案,从系统结构、任务划分、语料库共享和崩溃去重等方面对并行模糊测试进行了综述;最后,总结了现有并行模糊测试的优缺点,并对未来发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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在对氯乙烯精馏这个复杂生产过程工艺及控制的分析基础上,提出了低沸塔回流、低塔釜加热、中间过料、高塔回流、高塔釜加热、成品冷凝等回路的控制模型。并介绍了用开放的DCS进行的组态、调试过程。因其图形化组态工具的直观、灵活、功能强,使复杂的控制问题简单化,且控制对工况变化的适应性强。经生产实际运行表明,产品质量、生产能力均超过预期值。 相似文献
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王帆 《数字社区&智能家居》2009,(36)
归纳总结了计算机用户在日常工作、生活中可能碰到的多种代表性的电脑软硬件故障和问题及解决方法。各种故障问题类型和故障排除思维习惯来编排,具体包括开关机故障、死机故障、显示故障、声音故障、存储设备故障、CPU故障、内存故障、主板故障。在碰到电脑故障时,能快速判断和解决一些有规律可循的常见故障,以及如何维护电脑、如何避免电脑故障。 相似文献
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Remote sensing of spring phenology in boreal regions: A free of snow-effect method using NOAA-AVHRR and SPOT-VGT data (1982-2004) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Measurements of spring phenological dates in boreal regions using NDVI can be affected by snowmelt. This impacts the analysis of interannual variations in phenology and the estimates of annual carbon fluxes. For these two objectives, snowmelt effect must be removed from the phenological detection. We propose a methodology for determining the date of onset of greening in the 1982-2004 period using SPOT-VEGETATION (VGT) and NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data. From 1998 onwards, the date of onset of greening is taken as the date at which the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), calculated from SPOT-VGT near and short-wave infrared bands, starts increasing. This index decreases with snowmelt but increases with vegetation greening. For the 1982-2001 period, the date of onset of greening is the date at which AVHRR-NDVI equals a pixel specific threshold (PST), determined using the results of the NDWI method in the years common to the two datasets. The methods are validated using in situ measurements of the dates of leaf appearance. RMSE of 6.7 and 7.8 days, respectively, is found using NDWI-VGT and PST-NOAA methodologies, and the difference between the two methodologies in the common years is small. Very importantly, the dates are not biased. The interannual variations of the 23-year spring phenology dataset on the study area in northern Eurasia are analysed. In average over the study area, an advance of 8 days and a delay of 3.6 days are, respectively, found over the periods 1982-1991 and 1993-2004. These results confirm and complete previous studies about the greening trend, remove the uncertainty due to snow, and may improve carbon budget calculations. 相似文献
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宋莹莹 《数字社区&智能家居》2009,5(6):4149-4151
网络安全是一门涉及计算机科学、网络技术、密码技术、信息安全技术、应用数学、教论、信论等多种学科的综合性学科,它涉及的因素主要包括物理安全、系统安全、信息安全和文化安全等范围。局域网络中人为的、非人为的,有意的、无意的;非法用户入侵、计算机病毒、黑客的不断侵袭等随时威胁局域网的安全。随着计算机网络技术迅速发展,网络安全问题也日渐突出。该文分析了威胁局域网安全的主要因素,探讨了从物理环境、网络层、应用层以及管理制度方面,运用VPN、NAT、VLAN、IDS、身份验证等技术构建安全局域网的策略。 相似文献
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随着人们生活水平的提高,旅游已成为一项普遍的休闲活动,进而推动了旅游推荐方面技术的研究。与传统推荐系统相比,除了考虑游客和旅游产品的相关特征之外,旅游推荐系统的推荐质量在很大程度上受到位置、时间、天气、游客社交群体等上下文信息的影响。本文首先给出上下文感知旅游推荐系统的总体框架;然后对位置、时间、游客社会化网络和多维上下文等4类典型的上下文信息在旅游推荐系统中的应用进行了详细考察,并对综合应用各种上下文信息的旅游推荐系统进行了分析;从旅游推荐产品的角度对推荐系统进行分类考察;最后讨论了上下文感知旅游推荐系统目前面临的重点和难点问题,指出下一步的研究方向。 相似文献