多孔壳聚糖微球固定化碱性蛋白酶的研究

采用自制的多孔壳聚糖微球固定化碱性蛋白酶,以酶活回收率为参考指标,分别对酶浓度、酶与栽体用量比、戊二醛浓度、吸附时间、交联时间、BSA浓度等进行了单因素试验,考察了其对碱性蛋白酶固定化的影响,确定了较好的固定化碱性蛋白酶的工艺条件.结果表明,碱性蛋白酶固定化的最佳工艺条件为:酶与栽体用量比315 U/g、酶浓度45 mg/mL、固定化温度4℃、固定化pH7.2、吸附时间48 h、交联时间8 h、戊二醛浓度为1%、BSA浓度4.5 mg/mL,此时RRA达到65.46%,固定化碱性蛋白酶也具有较好的理化性质.     

粉煤灰固定化碱性蛋白酶特性的研究

以经甲烷磺酸活化和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷偶连的粉煤灰为载体,戊二醛为交联剂,采用载体交联法制备固定化碱性蛋白酶,同时对固定化条件进行了研究。实验结果表明,碱性蛋白酶的最佳固定化条件为:给酶量4mL,戊二醛浓度0.2%,固定化温度25℃、交联3h。在此条件下得到的固定化碱性蛋白酶活回收率可达63.8%。该固定化碱性蛋白酶的稳定性较理想,连续使用6次后,其剩余酶活仍保持在29.4%。     

壳聚糖微球固定碱性蛋白酶的研究

利用乳化交联法制得壳聚糖微球并用于碱性蛋白酶的固定,借助正交试验设计优化酶固定化条件,结果表明：常温条件下,戊二醛浓度为1％,以给酶量240U／g载体加酶,在pH10缓冲液中,交联20h时,固定化碱性蛋白酶的活力和活力回收率可达到119U／g和49．6％;固定化碱性蛋白酶耐热性较游离碱性蛋白酶较强,4℃的半衰期可达14d。     

多孔壳聚糖固定酵母蛋白酶条件的优化及酶学性质分析

以多孔壳聚糖微球固定酵母蛋白酶,通过对戊二醛含量、吸附时间、固定化温度、pH进行了单因素试验及正交试验,以蛋白酶酶活回收率为评价指标,确定的固定化条件为戊二醛含量1.4%,吸附温度27 ℃,pH值为10,吸附时间24 h。在此最佳条件下,固定化酵母蛋白酶酶活回收率为68.8%。酶学性质分析结果表明,固定化酶最佳反应温度较游离酶升高10 ℃,最佳作用pH较游离酶向碱性方向偏移1个pH单位。因此,用多孔壳聚糖对酵母蛋白酶进行包埋可以提高蛋白酶活性。     

介孔分子筛MCM-41固定糖化酶的研究

以介孔分子筛MCM-41为载体、戊二醛为交联剂,对糖化酶进行了固定化.考察了固定化温度和时间、给酶量、pH值以及戊二醛浓度等因素对固定化效果的影响,并对固定化酶的酶学性质进行了研究.结果表明,糖化酶最佳固定化条件是:酶与载体比例为50mg/g、固定化温度20℃、固定化时间8h、pH值6.1、戊二醛浓度7.5％,此条件下固定化酶的相对酶活力为47％.固定化酶的最适作用温度和最适作用pH值没有改变,同游离酶一样,分别为60℃和4.6,米氏常数Km由原来的0.031 mol/L降为0.018mol/L.     

磁性壳聚糖微球固定化糖化酶的研究

以磁性壳聚糖微球为载体,采用吸附一交联法固定化糖化酶。对给酶量、戊二醛添加量、交联温度、交联时间等因素进行了考察;并对固定化酶的酶学性质进行了研究。结果表明,固定化的最佳条件为：浓度为0．5mg／mL酶液8mL、1％戊二醛溶液4mL、交联温度45℃、交联时间4h;固定化酶的热稳定性和pH稳定性都优于游离酶;固定化酶连续使用5次,酶活仍保持了58％。     

壳聚糖—戊二醛固定化木聚糖酶的技术研究

采用壳聚糖微球一戊二醛交联的方法固定木聚糖酶,探讨壳聚糖浓度、戊二醛体积分数和交联时间对固定化酶相对酶活力的影响.以正交试验确定木聚糖酶的最佳固定化条件,比较固定化酶与其游离酶的最适反应pH值、pH值稳定性、最适反应温度及热稳定性.结果表明,在壳聚糖质量浓度0.1g/mL、戊二醛添加量3％、给酶量2000U/g载体、交联时间2.5h时,固定化酶的回收率较高,可达到65.38％,同时固定化和游离酶的最适温度分别为60℃、55℃,最适pH值分别为4.5、5.0,热稳定性有不同程度的提高,pH稳定性两者变化不大.木聚糖酶的固定化能有效地提高其作用性能,从而为木聚糖酶的工业化应用提供了一定的理论依据.     

乳糖酶在海藻酸钙上的固定化研究

以海藻酸钙为载体、戊二醛为交联剂,对乳糖酶进行固定化。研究了戊二醛浓度、给酶量及温度对酶固定化的影响,并对固定化酶酶促反应的最适pH、温度等进行了测定。结果表明,0.3%戊二醛,4%的海藻酸钠,在4℃条件下对30%的乳糖酶的固定化率较高。酶促反应特性测定结果表明,固定化后乳糖酶的稳定性增强,最适温度范围较非固定化乳糖酶大,最适pH不变。     

木瓜蛋白酶与中性蛋白酶的共固定化及其水解芝麻蛋白的研究

以海藻酸钠为载体,戊二醛为交联剂共固定化木瓜蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶,考察共固定化酶工艺的选择．水解芝麻蛋白的优化条件和共固定化酶的稳定性,芝麻蛋白水解物的复合氨基酸组成。结果表明．共固定化木瓜蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶的最佳条件为：海藻酸钠浓度3％,戊二醛浓度2．5％,氯化钙浓度0．2％,酶活力回收率为51．28％。水解芝麻蛋白的最佳条件为：固液比1：25,pH值6．0,温度60℃,时间7h,加酶量5％,氨基氮含量最高为20．65mg／g,共固定化酶重复使用6次．酶活力仍保持50％以上。芝麻蛋白水解物中15种氨基酸齐全。     

介孔分子筛SBA-15固定糖化酶的研究

以介孔分子筛SBA-15为载体,戊二醛为交联剂,对糖化酶进行了固定化.考察固定化温度、时间、给酶量、pH值以及戊二醛浓度等因素对固定化效果的影响,并对固定化酶的酶学性质进行了研究.结果表明,糖化酶最佳固定化条件是:酶与载体比例50mg/g、固定化温度25℃、固定化时间4h、pH 5.1、戊二醛体积分数7.5%,此条件下固定化酶活力回收率为56%.固定化酶的最适作用温度为70℃,比游离酶高10℃.最适作用pH 4.1,比游离酶降低0.5个单位.米氏常数Km由原来的0.032mol/L降为0.022mol/L.用超声波对固定化酶进行处理,其酶活力提高了18%.所得最佳超声参数是:超声功率100W,温度70℃,时间5min.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press