脉间二相编码雷达信号的二维处理

超视距雷达系统广泛应用于高频返回散射探测领域,而雷达波形设计则是高频超视距雷达的重点研究课题之一.研究了一种高重复频率脉间二相编码脉冲雷达波形,并提出了针对这种雷达波形的二维信号处理方案.仿真结果表明,新方案能有效地抑制距离旁瓣,提高回波信号检测目标的动态范围.     

基于改进波形太赫兹雷达的多目标检测

太赫兹雷达在测点目标时具有极高的分辨力。然而在多目标条件下,使用经典的线性调频波形调制可能会引起错误的差频组合,从而出现虚假目标。为此,提出一种工作在0.22 THz频段的改进波形,它由梯形波与三角波两部分组成。通过梯形波的上、下扫频计算速度-距离的模糊范围,并通过恒频段检测目标的相对速度。由于速度-距离交叉点的不匹配,虚假目标仍存在,而后续的不同调频斜率的三角波则能在其基础上完全剔除虚假目标。文中给出了这种体制的太赫兹雷达系统的架构,并通过近乎现实的仿真,证明在这种新型波形体制下,太赫兹雷达差频配对的准确度将得到大幅度提升。     

Information theory and radar waveform design

The use of information theory to design waveforms for the measurement of extended radar targets exhibiting resonance phenomena is investigated. The target impulse response is introduced to model target scattering behavior. Two radar waveform design problems with constraints on waveform energy and duration are then solved. In the first, a deterministic target impulse response is used to design waveform/receiver-filter pairs for the optimal detection of extended targets in additive noise. In the second, a random target impulse response is used to design waveforms that maximize the mutual information between a target ensemble and the received signal in additive Gaussian noise. The two solutions are contrasted to show the difference between the characteristics of waveforms for extended target detection and information extraction. The optimal target detection solution places as much energy as possible in the largest target scattering mode under the imposed constraints on waveform duration and energy. The optimal information extraction solution distributes the energy among the target scattering modes in order to maximize the mutual information between the target ensemble and the received radar waveform     

A new symbol-alphabet-aware multi-user detection scheme

In this letter, a new multi-user detection scheme is proposed. It employs a novel nonlinear minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimator that exploits the knowledge of symbol alphabet to estimate the interfering signals. After cancelling the estimated interference, a conventional linear multi-user detector such as the MMSE detector or, simply, the matched-filter receiver (MFR) is then used to detect the desired user signal. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed detector significantly outperforms the conventional linear MMSE detector.     

RADAR TARGET IDENTIFICATION BY ADAPTIVE DISCRIMINATION WAVEFORM SYNTHESIS AND NEAREST NEIGHBOR NEURAL NETWORK

In this paper,a new radar target identification scheme is presented based on adaptivediscrimination waveform synthesis and a nearest neighbor neural network.It can directly use theimpulse response of the target to synthesize discrimination waveform,so the poles extractionprocedure is not required.Particularly,it can successfully operate on the case that the poles ofthe target are weakly dependent on the aspect angle.     

MIMO雷达中基于时间反演的移动目标检测方案

在多输入多输出(Multiple input multiple output,MIMO)雷达中,针对运动目标所产生的信号变化易受多径效应和杂波环境的影响,导致运动目标检测性能不理想的问题,提出了一种基于时间反演(Time Reversal,TR)的优化方案.首先,利用时间反演的空时聚焦性,减少多径效应对目标信号的影响,...     

一种新的多频带相干雷达恒虚警检测算法

研究了复合高斯杂波环境中多频带相干雷达自适应恒虚警检测问题.利用Toeplitz矩阵的次对称性提出了一种新的多频带相干雷达恒虚警检测算法.所提出的算法对杂波的结构分量和杂波协方差矩阵都有恒虚警的性质,而且不需要杂波功率谱密度对称.该算法的检测性能优于以前提出的多频带归一化匹配滤波器算法.     

有色噪声背景下自适应雷达波形优化设计

仅以提高雷达检测性能为目标所设计的发射波形通常具有较高距离旁瓣和峰均比,不利于微弱信号检测和实际工程应用。针对上述问题,提出目标信号子空间加权的自适应波形优化方法。给出利用环境中有色噪声的统计特性改善目标检测性能的系统模型,选取目标-有色噪声矩阵的大特征向量构成目标信号子空间,建立在该子空间上优化加权系数使发射波形满足自相关性能和峰均比约束的目标函数,并采用序列二次规划算法进行求解。该方法所优化发射波形能有效抑制有色噪声,同时获得较好的自相关特性和峰均比,改善雷达综合性能。仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性和灵活性。     

基于交替投影的MIMO雷达波形设计

针对基于最大化互信息(或最小均方误差)准则所提方法只得到理论上最优多输入多输出雷达波形,而无法产生可发射波形的问题,基于交替投影方法,提出一种新的可发射波形设计算法。该算法得到的可发射波形渐进逼近基于最大化互信息(或最小均方误差)准则得到的理论最优波形,且迭代的每一步都具有闭式解,因而可获得高效求解。仿真结果表明,相比较已提出的可发射波形设计方法,所提算法具有较好的最优波形逼近性能。     

宽带波形在主动雷达导引头中的应用研究

为了提高雷达导引头抗干扰能力及使用的灵活性,导引头工作波形采用宽带波形设计方法。通过对各种宽带波形在导引头中的应用分析及仿真计算,得到了各宽带波形的信号处理及参数设计方法。在此基础上结合雷达导引头的发展方向提出了多工作波形体制的设计思想,并根据导引头作战需求给出了各工作波形的使用方法,对雷达导引头工作波形的实用化设计具有一定的参考价值。     

Issues related to waveform computations for radar altimeterapplications

An algorithm has been developed to model the average return power waveforms available from general radar altimeter systems. The algorithm is based on a convolutional model comprising three functions: the average flat surface impulse response (FSIR), the radar system point target response (PTR), and the height PDF of the specular points on the sea surface. The FSIR is modified to account for the asymmetric antenna beam used by the MARA system, and then certain properties of this modified FSIR are exploited to obtain closed-form expressions that can be rapidly evaluated. A fast Fourier transform (FFT) convolution routine is used to further speed up the computations. The result is an algorithm that can be used to study the effects of pointing errors in surface measurements     

OFDM MIMO radar waveform design for targets identification

In order to obtain better target identification performance, an efficient waveform design method with high range resolution and low sidelobe level for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar is proposed in this paper. First, the wideband CP-based OFDM signal is transmitted on each antenna to guarantee large bandwidth and high range resolution. Next, a complex orthogonal design (COD) is utilized to achieve code domain orthogonality among antennas, so that the spatial diversity can be obtained in MIMO radar, and only the range sidelobe on the first antenna needs suppressing. Furthermore, sidelobe suppression is expressed as an optimization problem. The integrated sidelobe level (ISL) is adopted to construct the objective function, which is solved using the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) algorithm. The numerical results demonstrate the superiority in performance (high resolution, strict orthogonality, and low sidelobe level) of the proposed method compared to existing algorithms.     

基于实时计算的雷达波形发生器

面对复杂的战场环境,低截获雷达需要发射复杂雷达波形,以防止被敌方截获。传统的雷达波形发生器多采用专用DDS芯片实现,工作频率低且方式不够灵活,无法满足日益增长的波形多样性需求。为解决该问题,提出通用高速DA加FPGA的波形发生器架构。分析了几类常用低截获波形的特性并给出实现方法,采用FPGA实时计算波形参数的方式,可产生线性调频信号、巴克码等雷达波形。经仿真和试验验证其满足使用要求。     

正交信号MIMO雷达动态范围与弱目标检测性能分析

正交信号MIMO雷达各阵元发射相互正交的信号波形,多个信号波形在空间不能叠加形成高增益的窄波束,经目标反射回来的回波信号的动态范围较传统相控阵雷达有所降低,这将有利于改善对强杂波中的弱目标信号的检测性能。动态范围往往取决于杂波功率,本文分析了基于OFDM-LFM信号的MIMO雷达的信号功率问题,并提出利用优化的随机相位来降低信号瞬时功率,从而改善回波信号的动态范围。仿真比较了在接收机动态范围一定的条件下,MIMO雷达相对于传统相控阵雷达在弱目标检测性能方面的改善。      

Relationship of target recognition performance and radar waveform parameters

Target recognition performance can be affected by radar waveform parameters. In this paper, we established rigorous relationship between target recognition efficiency and the parameters of a repeatedly transmitted waveform. It is based on Kullback-Leibler Information Number of single observation (KLINs), which measures the dissimilarity between targets depicted by a range-velocity double spread density function in frequency domain. We considered two signal models which are dif-ferent in the coherence of the observations. The method we proposed takes advantage of the meth-odology of sequential hypothesis test, and then the recognition performance in terms of correct clas-sification rate is expressed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC). Simulation results about the parameters of LFM signal show the validity of the method.     

On parameter identifiability of MIMO radar with waveform diversity

Parameter identifiability is one of the most interesting issues in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar systems. Previous works have presented conditions for parameter identifiability of the systems with uncorrelated waveforms. In this paper, under general waveform assumptions, we investigate conditions for parameter identifiability of MIMO radar systems with more flexible waveform diversity, where the transmitted waveforms are not restricted to be uncorrelated. The conditions specify the maximum number of targets that can be uniquely localized, which are obtained based on the rule of time-bandwidth product. Moreover, it is found that the conditions are in terms of the rank and structure of the waveform covariance matrix (WCM) and the geometry of MIMO radar systems. Numerical examples are provided to verify the effectiveness of the conditions.     

多斜率步进调频连续波信号在汽车防撞雷达中的应用

该文首先介绍了工作在毫米波段的汽车防撞雷达的有关情况,然后针对其在实际工作情况下遇到的虚警问题,提出了一种新的雷达发射信号波形,即多斜率步进调频连续波信号。该波形可以容易地数字化产生,同时其相应的信号处理降低了传统的高分辨率雷达对高速宽带信号处理的要求。该文还提出了一种用于多个车辆目标检测的逐次逼近算法,仿真结果表明,该算法能够有效地去除虚假目标。     

16QAM-LFM雷达通信一体化信号设计

设计了一种16QAM信号与LFM脉冲相结合的高阶雷达通信一体化波形,把LFM信号作为16QAM信号的载波,在不影响雷达基本功能的前提下实现高速率的通信。对16QAM-LFM这一新型一体化波形的性能分析和计算机仿真表明,在通信性能方面,该波形与16QAM信号的通信误码率特性相同,具有比BPSK-LFM、MSK-LFM等低阶调制的一体化信号更高的频带利用率,比OFDM-LFM等高效率一体化信号更低的复杂度;在雷达性能方面,该波形因为其雷达模糊函数接近图钉型,具有比LFM信号更高的距离和速度分辨力,对低速目标的检测概率则相同。     

Adaptive radar detection

In the letter a new adaptive procedure for the detection of a radar target in clutter is described. The procedure is based on the development of linear models for the two hypotheses H0 and H1. Under hypothesis H0, there is no target present, and the received signal is modelled as a regressive process. Under hypothesis H1, a target is present and the received signal is modelled as an autoregressive process. Results based on actual radar data are included to confirm the validity of this new approach, and comparison is made with the previously published innovations-based detection algorithm.     

A novel sine PWM scheme using waveform generators

The paper presents a novel circuit for generating the sine PWM control signals for a single phase inverter. Waveform generating ICs based on a JFET are used to generate the synchronized sine and triangular waveforms with a high accuracy and wide range of frequencies. Experimental waveforms and frequency spectra of inverter output voltage are presented