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以钨酸钠、磷酸、过氧化氢(H_2O_2)和十六烷基三甲基氯化铵为原料制备了过氧磷钨酸季铵盐催化剂。通过FT-IR、TG对催化剂进行了结构和热稳定性的表征。在H_2O_2为氧化剂,无溶剂条件下,采用过氧磷钨酸季铵盐催化α-柏木烯环氧化合成环氧柏木烷。考察了各反应条件对环氧化反应的影响。结果表明,在反应温度60 ℃,反应时间3.5 h,H_2O_2与α-柏木烯摩尔比为1∶2,催化剂过氧磷钨酸季铵盐用量3.0% (以H_2O_2质量计,下同),助剂Na_2HPO_4用量1.6%条件下,环氧柏木烷的收率为65.7%,α-柏木烯的转化率为90.1%,环氧产物选择性可达72.9%。 相似文献
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我国是柏木油生产国之一,也是柏木原油出口最多的国家,但如何变出口原油为出口柏木油深加工系列产品?怎样经营管理好柏木油的加工与贸易?制定柏木油国家标准更是当务之急。文中阐述了相应对策并介绍了提高柏木油质量和得率的3个技术关键问题。 相似文献
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为了研究WTW车用燃料的经济性与环保性,利用GREET模型对煤间接液化合成油、煤直接液化合成油、煤制天然气和整体煤气化联合循环发电IGCC 4种煤基燃料进行WTW计算,并对比分析了4种燃料在WTW各个阶段的能耗和CO2排放量。结果表明:4种煤基燃料的能耗由大到小为煤制天然气〉煤间接液化合成油〉煤直接液化合成油〉IGCC,其中煤间接液化合成油、煤直接液化合成油及煤制天然气的能耗都约为传统柴油或汽油的2倍,IGCC的总能耗是传统汽油的3/5左右;CO2排放排序为:煤间接液化合成油〉煤制天然气〉煤直接液化合成油〉IGCC,其中煤间接液化合成油、煤直接液化合成油和煤制天然气的CO2排放量都为传统柴油或汽油的1.6~3.1倍,IGCC的CO2排放量是传统汽油的7/10左右;煤间接、直接液化合成油和煤制天然气都有一定的市场竞争力,IGCC成本较高,且高于传统发电成本。 相似文献
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聚α-烯烃合成油及其在润滑油中的地位 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着润滑油规格的日益严格,对高质量润滑油的需求呈增长趋势,对合成油的需求量明显增长。合成油中的聚α-烯烃(PAO)是市场需求增长最快的品种之一。国外PAO的生产主要采用乙烯齐聚法生产,国内目前主要采用石蜡裂解法生产,其产品质量与国外相比有较大的差距。作者对此提出了相关发展建议。引用文献8 篇。 相似文献
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Chromatographic fractions of Himalayan cedarwood oil (Cedrus deodara) were bioassayed against the pulse beetle (Callosobruchus analis F.) and the housefly (Musca domestica L.). Almost all fractions showed insecticidal activity against both test species. Fractions I and V led to the highest mortality and also produced a quick knockdown effect. Fractions I and V, after rechromatography and purification, yielded himachalol (3%) and -himachalene (31%), based on essential oil weight, respectively. Further evaluation of these two naturally occurring sesquiterpenes indicated 97.5% mortality at 0.56 mol/insect against the pulse beetle. These biologically active natural products of plant origin may serve as a suitable prototypes for development of commercial insecticides.CIMAP Publication No. 598. 相似文献
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建立了合成纤维湿热和高温上油模型及其衡算方程。该方程可用于设计参考和指导工业生产。评价了合成纤维常规上油形式的技术性和经济性,指出选择合理的上油形式,可降低油剂消耗,提高装置的经济效益。 相似文献
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Evaluation of vetiver oil and seven insect-active essential oils against the Formosan subterranean termite 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Repellency and toxicity of 8 essential oils (vetiver grass, cassia leaf, clove bud, cedarwood, Eucalyptus globules,
Eucalyptus citrodora, lemongrass and geranium) were evaluated against the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. Vetiver oil proved the most effective repellent because of its long-lasting activity. Clove bud was the most toxic, killing 100% of termites in 2 days at 50 g/cm2. The tunneling response of termites to vetiver oil also was examined. Vetiver oil decreased termite tunneling activity at concentrations as low as 5 g/g sand. Tunneling and paper consumption were not observed when vetiver oil concentrations were higher than 25 g/g sand. Bioactivity of the 8 oils against termites and chemical volatility were inversely associated. Listed in decreasing order of volatility, the major constituents of the 8 oils were: eucalyptol, citronellal, citral, citronellol, cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, thujopsene, and both - and - vetivone. Vetiver oil is a promising novel termiticide with reduced environmental impact for use against subterranean termites. 相似文献
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F-T合成油低温工艺产物中有大于质量分数40%的石蜡生成,必须对其进行加氢裂化生产优质的中间馏分油。加氢裂化关键在于高性能催化剂的研究开发,概述了近年来加氢裂化催化剂在国内外的应用现状。FC-14及SC-I催化剂在内蒙古伊泰煤制油有限责任公司的运行结果表明,SC-I催化剂表现出良好的活性及较高的中间馏分油选择性,在总进料20 t·h-1、反应器入口氢分压7.0 MPa、氢油体积比800和总体积空速(2.0~15.0) h-1条件下,反应器出口温度约340 ℃,总温升14 ℃,表现出较高的反应活性及灵活的温度调控性,柴油收率上升约3~4个百分点,具有较高的中油选择性。 相似文献
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潘春华 《化学工业与工程技术》2000,21(3):20-23
介绍了 30 0kt/a合成氨装置合成气压缩机组、氨压缩机组共用润滑和控制油系统的构造及工作原理 ,叙述了该系统的底座、油箱、油冷器、油过滤器和供油管线等各部件的制造与组装过程。给出了该系统的冲洗与试验的程序及方法 相似文献