携能大规模MIMO资源分配算法研究综述

将大规模多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO)技术与无线能量传输(Wireless Power Transfer,WPT)技术相结合,能够帮助实现节能降耗,契合国内外绿色通信发展浪潮。针对WPT技术在大规模MIMO研究领域的应用问题,总结了当前携能大规模MIMO技术的研究现状及发展趋势,从频效、能效、安全性等多个方面对携能大规模MIMO资源分配算法进行综述,探讨了学术界在携能大规模MIMO资源分配算法上的重要研究成果。在现有算法研究进展分析的基础上,对当前研究中携能大规模MIMO资源分配算法研究情况存在的问题进行分析,并对未来的发展方向进行了展望。     

2012亚太电磁兼容学术会议——最佳获奖文章

Analysis of EMF Noise from the Receiving Coil Topologies for Wireless Power Transfer摘要:归纳了线圈系统中CSSR和CSPR拓扑结构的电磁噪声特性。通过等效电路模型分析和设计了监视器的无线功率传输系统。关键词:无线功率传输;线圈;等效电路模型视点:从EMF噪声的角度研究无线功率传输系统的优劣。随着无线功率传输(WPT)技术的应用,现在可使用无线充电的手机也越来越多。WPT系统一般可以分为三     

智能反射面辅助的无线信息与能量传输研究综述

智能反射面（IRS）是6G的关键技术之一。优化IRS的被动反射波束赋形,能够对无线信息传输（WIT）与无线能量传输（WPT）进行辅助,从而大幅提高频谱效率。全面介绍了IRS的研究现状。首先,对IRS辅助WIT的研究现状进行了归纳分析,表明IRS对提升系统通信性能起到关键作用;然后,对IRS辅助WPT的研究进行了梳理,揭示了IRS在大幅提升能量传输效率方面的潜能;随后,重点叙述了IRS辅助无线携能通信的研究现状,并展望了物理层安全、无人机通信和多IRS协同辅助等6个新研究主题和方向。     

存在窃听用户下基于SWIPT的协作NOMA网络能效分析

针对基于携能同传(Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer,SWIPT)的协作非正交多址接入(Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access,NOMA)网络,提出了一种存在窃听用户下远端用户能效最大化的多维资源分配方法.在考虑近端用户安全传输...     

用于无线能量传输系统的微带天线设计

本文提出一种用于组成无线能量传输(Wireless Power Transmission,WPT)系统的微带天线结构,并采用基于有限元法的电磁仿真软件(HFSS)对微带天线进行3D建模.在二端口网络分析法的基础上,建立磁耦合共振无线能量传输等效电路模型,求解出系统发生频率分叉现象产生的条件以及最大效率时的频率表达式.基于以上方法,研究本文设计的微带天线传输特性,包括:系统的最优传输效率与耦合距离的关系,工作频率与耦合距离的关系,得出在能量传输距离在50cm左右时,天线的谐振频率为12.5MHz,效率可达63%.微带天线具有很大的结构优势,如与集成电路兼容,成本低,体积相对较小,且工艺相当成熟,易大规模批量生产等优势.因此该设计的平面微带天线可用于无线能量传输系统.     

基于LC-L补偿的UPT系统设计

无线电能传输（Wireless Power Transmission,WPT）技术近年来在电气工程领域得到了广泛的应用。基于超声波的无线电能传输（Ultrasonic Power Transfer,UPT）技术，主要是利用发射和接收换能器，把能量从发射端传送到接收端。超声波方向性强、能量集中，可以在空气、水、金属等各种介质中传播，因此，基于超声波的无线电能传输技术具有很好的应用前景。基于此，研究在UPT系统中通过加入LC-L补偿结构来实现系统调谐和阻抗匹配，通过仿真和实验，验证基于LC-L补偿的UPT系统可以实现更高的传输效率。     

磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输系统频率跟踪的自适应模糊控制

谐振频率是无线电能传输(Wireless Power Transfer, WPT)系统中提高传输效率的关键因素,考虑到WPT系统是一种松散耦合系统,可能因负载、传输距离等因素的变化,使WPT系统的谐振工作频率出现分裂或失谐等问题,导致系统传输效率大幅降低。为确保磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输系统保持较高的能量传输效率,结合谐振状态对系统传输效率影响的电路分析,提出模糊控制的方法来实现谐振频率的自适应跟踪,并设计出频率跟踪的模糊自适应控制器,实时非线性调节逆变驱动电路的频率,以确保对WPT系统谐振频率的精确跟踪。仿真与实验结果表明,该控制算法增强了WPT系统的工作谐振频率的自适应跟踪能力,对系统传输效率有较大提高。     

无线电能传输

无线电能传输（Wireless Power Transmission）是借助于电磁场或电磁波进行能量传递的一种技术。本论文主要利用线圈共振原理实现无线电能传输,由电生磁和磁生电两部分组成,实现了能量的最大化传输,高效率,以及长距离。     

基于无人机无线能量传输的边缘计算系统能耗优化方法研究

无线能量传输(WPT)和移动边缘计算(MEC)可以为无线设备提供能量供应和任务计算,有效提高设备的能量效率.该文提出一种基于无人机无线能量传输的边缘计算系统能耗优化方法,在所提方法中,通过联合优化能量收集(EH)时间、用户发射功率和卸载决策,最小化系统总能耗.利用块坐标下降法(BCD),将优化问题分解为两个子问题,通过...     

用于WPT的高效率氮化镓E类功率放大器研究

无线能量传输系统(WPT)具有高度的灵活性和便利性,可作为电源元件广泛应用于可穿戴和便携式电子设备领域。但受传输频率、发射模块功率放大电路的损耗等因素对传输效率和传输距离的影响,WPT无法充分发挥其预期的潜力。为改善WPT的传输效率,提出了一种高效率氮化镓E类功率放大器,并通过理论分析确定了工作频率和功率管型号,然后运用ADS软件对基于氮化镓(GaN)的E类功率放大电路进行了参数设计和仿真调试。仿真结果表明,在工作频率为13.56 MHz、负载为50Ω的情况下,功率附加效率(PAE)最大可达97.4%,输出功率可达44.4 dBm,同时在20～100Ω负载范围内,PAE都能达到90%以上,符合分析结果,可用于提高WPT系统的传输效率和传输距离。     

Energy consumption optimization for self‐powered IoT networks with non‐orthogonal multiple access

Energy harvesting (EH) has been considered as one of the promising technologies to power Internet of Things (IoT) devices in self‐powered IoT networks. By adopting a typical harvest‐then‐transmit mode, IoT devices with the EH technology first harvest energy by using wireless power transfer (WPT) and then carry out wireless information transmission (WIT), which leads to the coordination between WPT and WIT. In this paper, we consider optimizing energy consumption of periodical data collection in a self‐powered IoT network with non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). Particularly, we take into account time allocation for the WPT and WIT stages, node deployment, and constraints for data transmission. Moreover, to thoroughly explore the impact of different multiple access methods, we theoretically analyse and compare the performance achieved by employing NOMA, frequency division multiple access (FDMA), and time division multiple access (TDMA) in the considered IoT network. To validate the performance of the proposed method, we conduct extensive simulations and show that the NOMA outperforms the FDMA and TDMA in terms of energy consumption and transmission power.     

Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer with fixed and adaptive modulation

Activating Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) in Radio-Frequency (RF) to provide on-demand energy supply to widely deployed Internet of Everything devices is a key to the next-generation energy self-sustainable 6G network. However, Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) in the same RF bands is challenging. The majority of previous studies compared SWIPT performance to Gaussian signaling with an infinite alphabet, which is impossible to implement in any realistic communication system. In contrast, we study the SWIPT system in a well-known Nakagami-m wireless fading channel using practical modulation techniques with finite alphabet. The attainable rate-energy-reliability tradeoff and the corresponding rationale are revealed for fixed modulation schemes. Furthermore, an adaptive modulation-based transceiver is provided for further expanding the attainable rate-energy-reliability region based on various SWIPT performances of different modulation schemes. The modulation switching thresholds and transmit power allocation at the SWIPT transmitter and the power splitting ratios at the SWIPT receiver are jointly optimized to maximize the attainable spectrum efficiency of wireless information transfer while satisfying the WPT requirement and the instantaneous and average BER constraints. Numerical results demonstrate the SWIPT performance of various fixed modulation schemes in different fading conditions. The advantage of the adaptive modulation-based SWIPT transceiver is validated.     

分布式无线电能传输网

无线电能传输技术是有效解决移动设备,特别是特殊环境下电设备电能可靠灵活接入的最佳解决方案。然而,通常意义下无线电能传输技术只能以“点对点”模式实现电源对受电设备的直接供电。针对空间分布的多没备供电问题,提出分布式无线电能传输网概念,并给出了其平面型自组织网络结构。在此基础上,提出了基于共振模式的节点间能量传输模式及节点的结构。最后,就分布式无线电能传输网的能量传输效率和传统点对点传输模式的传输效率进行了比较分析。     

Metasurface Patch for Wireless Power Transfer in Implantable Devices

Wireless power transfer (WPT) systems enable the long-term operation and miniaturization of implantable devices by eliminating the need for battery replacement and wired power supplies. Although wireless power transfer systems for implantable devices are extensively studied, their practical application is still challenging owing to the constraints and requirements of the human body, such as reflection loss owing to differences in the tissue dielectric properties, mm-sized devices, and electromagnetic (EM) wave attenuation of the tissue. Here, a phase-gradient metasurface patch is presented to achieve 5.8 GHz EM power focusing at a focal point of depth 10 mm in the tissue via EM wavefront modulation at the skin–air interface. The proposed metasurface patch is fabricated by arranging subwavelength-thickness (<λ/10) unit cell structures composed of four metallic layers separated by dielectric substrates that exhibit high-Q resonance properties and a sufficient phase modulation range with enhanced transmission. By applying the fabricated metasurface patch to a wireless power transfer system for implantable devices, it is experimentally confirmed that the transmission coefficient (S₂₁) is improved by 6.37 dB compared with that of a wireless power transfer system without the metasurface patch. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the transmission coefficient can be maintained for an incident angle variation up to 30° from the transmitter to the metasurface patch, resulting in a stable power delivery of the proposed wireless power transfer system.     

Receiver Power Allocation and Transmitter Power Control Analysis for Multiple-Receiver Wireless Power Transfer Systems

As different power has its own receivers, this paper analyzes and designs a multiple-receiver wireless power transfer (WPT) system systematically. The equivalent circuit model of the system is established to analyze the key parameters including transmitter power, receiver power, transmission efficiency, and each receiver power allocation. A control circuit is proposed to achieve the maximum transmission efficiency and transmitter power control and arbitrary receiver power allocation ratios for different receivers. Through the proposed control circuit, receivers with different loads can allocate appropriate power according to its power demand, the transmitter power and system efficiency do not vary with the change of the number of receivers. Finally, this control circuit is validated using a 130-kHz WPT system with three receivers whose power received is 3:10:12, and the overall system efficiency can reach as high as 55.5%.     

Optimization and realization of SWIPT relay channel transmission rate based on rateless code

The optimization of the transmission rate and implementation of the simultaneous wireless information and power transfer in a relay system were studied.In a three-node two-hop system,the decode-and-forward protocol was employed by the relay node.One transmission period was divided into two phases.The first phase was the simultaneous transmission of the information and energy from the source to the relay.The received signal at the relay node was split to two parts.One part was used for information decoding,and the other was converted into energy for information forwarding in the second phase.In the second phase,the information was forwarded according to the decode-and-forward protocol by the relay.The power splitting factor was optimized to minimize the total time of the two hops for the transmission of a certain amount of information when the durations of the two hops were unequal.Furthermore,Raptor codes were combined with different modulation modes to realize different transmission rates on the two hops for the efficient utilization of the different channel capacities in the two hops.The selection mechanism of the codeword length of Raptor codes and modulation mode was given.The simulation proves that the two hops with unequal durations can achieve a higher throughput,and the capacity of the relay channel can be efficiently used by employing Raptor codes,and an efficient and reliable transmission is realized.     

A battery-less BLE smart sensor for room occupancy tracking supplied by 2.45-GHz wireless power transfer

Wireless power transfer (WPT) has emerged as a solution for supplying smart sensors for long-term battery-less deployment. Because the amount of power harvested by the smart sensor is limited due to WPT path loss, the optimization objective is twofold: achieving ultra-low-power operation for the sensing task and improving the harvesting efficiency even at low incident power. In this paper, we focus on the use case of a Bluetooth LE-connected motion detection system supplied by 2.45-GHz RF power. The full system (RF energy harvester, power management, sensor transducer and interface, control, data processing and wireless transmission) is implemented using low-power off-the-shelf components. In the sensing sub-system, ultra-low-power operation is achieved by the duty-cycling of the sensor interface and by an event-driven scheme for communication. In the harvesting sub-system, the design of the matching network and rectifier, combined with maximum power point tracking (MPPT), is optimized for increasing the power harvesting efficiency (PHE) at low incident power. Measurements show a total reduction in the power consumption for the sensing sub-system by a factor 20. When using custom WPT waveform with high peak-to-average power ratio, the RF energy harvester is functional with an incident RF power starting from −20 dBm. The smart sensor is able to perform its motion-detection task with an incident power as low as −17.3 dBm.     

多用户多载波无线携能通信系统的上下行联合资源分配

无线携能通信(SWIPT)技术是解决无线网络能量受限问题的有效方法,该文研究一个由基站(BS)和多用户组成的多载波SWIPT系统,其上行和下行链路均采用正交频分复用(OFDM)技术。在下行链路中,基站向用户同时进行信息与能量传输;在上行链路中,用户利用从基站接收的能量向基站回传信息。该文以最大化上下行加权和速率为目标,联合优化上行和下行的子载波分配和功率分配,提出基于拉格朗日对偶法和椭球法的最优联合资源分配算法。计算机仿真结果证实了该算法的有效性。     

基于ERPT无线供电系统的设计

为了解决电能传输中由摩擦与传输介质老化产生的电能传输风险等问题,提出了基于电磁谐振型电能够传输技术（ERPT）的无线供电系统设计,主要通过调节发射场电磁频率使之与接收场固有频率一致,进而引起电磁共振产生强电磁耦合实现电能的无线高效传输。通过分析线圈谐振频率、互感系数、线圈内阻等参数之间的关系得到ERPT的理论效率值,并通过实际例子验证了理论值的正确性。