加粉带极埋弧堆焊工艺

加粉带极堆焊既发挥了带极堆焊高效率的优势,又解决了合金元素含量多时带极轧制困难的问题。就该工艺方法各工艺参数的匹配关系与选择范围进行了研究,并进一步采用正交试验法确定了最佳工艺参数。     

高速带极堆焊电源的研制

在带极埋弧堆焊(SAW)和带极电渣堆焊(ESW)研究的基础上,开展了高速带极堆焊(HSW)的研究工作。阐述了HSW法对堆焊电源设计提出的要求,介绍了这种电源的电路组成和工作原理。利用这种电源进行了多项试验,结果表明:这种电源满足HSW法的焊接工艺要求,能够获得高质量的焊缝。     

适于1Cr13NiMoVNb型带极高速堆焊用烧结焊剂的研制

按实际生产的要求，研制一种适合于1Cr13NiMoⅥ妯型带极高速堆焊用的烧结焊剂。经过多次实验，利用正交实验法对数据进行分析．得出了烧结焊剂在要求的焊接工艺规范下各个成分的最佳配合比，用此种焊剂堆焊后焊道的脱渣性好、焊道表面平整光滑，堆焊层中各主要组成元素的百分含量满足要求。最后，对烧结焊剂在焊接过程中的电弧稳定性。焊后的脱渣难易程度、焊道成型情况以及焊道表面的抗氧化性等焊接工艺性进行综合分析．给出了各个组分对焊接综合工艺性的影响趋势。     

国产不锈钢带极堆焊材料的堆焊工艺

对国产不锈钢带极堆焊材料的工艺和性能进行了试验研究，采用几种不同的堆焊工艺和方法进行对比试验，制订几套较为合理的焊接工艺，满足不同焊接条件下的焊接需求。     

低碳钢高效带极堆焊

介绍了低碳钢的大电流带极堆焊时,焊接参数对焊缝成形和稀释率的影响,对比了高效带极堆焊和常规带极堆焊的焊层性能,证明两种工艺的焊层性能相近,高效堆焊的效率是常规堆焊的二倍。     

轧辊的带极堆焊

选用国产接材料进行了轧辊带极堆焊试验研究,测试了焊接参数对堆焊层参数及表面质量的影响,确定了最佳的焊接工艺参数,并堆焊完成了一个符合技术要求的轧辊,为轧辊的制造和修复提供了科学依据。     

厚壁压力容器不锈钢带极电渣堆焊与埋弧堆焊对比

本文在堆焊工艺，焊缝成形，母材稀释率，堆焊层性能和熔合特征等几个方面，对厚壁压力容器不锈钢带极电渣堆焊与带极埋弧堆焊进行了全面的对比研究。对比结果表明，带极电渣堆焊优于带极埋弧堆焊，可以用带极电渣焊工艺取代极埋弧堆焊工艺，来进行厚壁压力容器的内壁堆焊。     

水轮发电机顶盖不锈钢带极宽带埋弧堆焊

采用H134焊带和SJ315烧结焊剂对ZG20SiMn材料水轮发电机组顶盖进行了带极宽带埋弧堆焊.结果表明:采用H134焊带和SJ315烧结焊剂,预热温度为100℃、道间温度控制在100℃内的工艺堆焊水轮发电机组顶盖,可获得塔合良好、无缺陷的堆焊层;堆焊层的硬度为HRC45,堆焊层的组织为板条状马氏体组织,保证了耐磨蚀和耐腐蚀的要求.     

冷换设备法兰带极电渣堆焊

主要介绍了带极电渣双层堆焊在冷换设备法兰中的应用,讨论了焊接参数对堆焊质量的影响,通过焊接试验及工艺评定,确定了产品的最佳堆焊参数,满足了生产需要.     

带极自动堆焊装置改造

为满足圆形试件堆焊工艺要求,对原有镗床进行改造,同时采用LAE1600电源及A6控制盒,实现带极堆焊机头连续旋转,自动控制.     

Optimization of submerged arc welding process parameters for overlay welding

In this work, we evaluated the influence of welding variables on weld beads applied by the submerged arc process (SAW) with conventional current, aiming future application in overlays against corrosion. Segments of steel API 5L Gr B pipe as substrate, a 1.13 mm-diameter electrode wire of nickel alloy, classification AWS ERNiCrMo-4 (Hastelloy C-276) as filler metal, and a flux neutral, basic and crowded were used. The variables voltage, wire feed speed and contact tip to work distance (CTWD) were analysed, with the remaining parameters constant by an experimental design with full factorial design in two-level and central points. Statistically significant and predictor mathematical models for response dilution and average current were obtained. However, for the response reinforcement/width, the model was characterized as statistically significant, but not predictive, and containing a lack of fit. The CTWD was the most significant variable reducing the dilution.     

A study on consumable aided tungsten indirect arc welding

A consumable aided tungsten indirect arc welding method has been studied. This method is different from the traditional TIG welding because it introduces an MIG welding torch into the traditional TIG welding system. An indirect arc is generated between the consumable electrode of the MIG welding torch and the tungsten electrode of the TIG welding torch, but not generated between the tungsten electrode of the welding torch and the base metal. Welding current flows from the consumable electrode to the tungsten electrode in the free-burning indirect arc. The consumable aided tungsten indirect arc welding not only rapidly melts the welding wire but also effectively restrains the excessive fusion of the base metal. The welding experiment and the theoretical analysis confirm that this method can obtain a high deposition rate and a low dilution ratio during the welding process.     

带状电极MAG焊电弧行为

用高速摄像系统和电流电压采集模块对带状电极MAG焊工艺电弧行为进行了研究.结果表明,带状电极MAG焊电弧呈非柱对称分布,电弧截面从钢带端部到母材逐渐由椭圆形过渡到圆形.随焊接工艺参数的增大,电弧能量提高,钢带端部由多个电弧共存转变为一个电弧燃烧,电弧沿钢带无规律的紊乱运动转变为较稳定的左右摆动,进而转变为不发生明显摆动...     

耦合电弧AA-TIG高速焊工艺

传统TIG焊焊接熔深浅、效率低,焊接速度提高时会出现咬边和驼峰等焊接缺陷.传统活性焊(A-TIG)相对于传统TIG焊可以显著增加熔深,但由于电弧压力作用,在高于一定焊接速度时仍会出现咬边和驼峰等焊缝缺陷.以SUS304不锈钢为母材,提出新型的耦合电弧AA-TIG(arc assited activatingTIG we...     

高压干法水下焊接装备与技术的发展

介绍了国内外高压干法水下焊接模拟实验装置和高压干法水下焊接维修作业装备系统的发展现状,重点论述了高压下对焊接电孤行为的研究情况,包括环境压力对焊接电弧形态、稳定性、电弧电压特性、电弧电流密度、电弧温度场等的影响及变化规律.指出了高压干法水下焊接技术的发展方向及我国研究高压干法水下焊接技术的必要性.     

焊接电弧高速摄影技术及其同步装置

高速摄影是一种先进实用的实验手段，广泛用于焊接熔滴过渡研究中，着重介绍了这一技术应用的背光技术和同步技术，并实际设计了高速摄影同步装置，实现了多种信息同步的高速摄影。     

Effect of welding parameters on microstructure of Fe-based nanostructured weld overlay deposited through FCAW-S

Lately, modern hardfacing tubular wires for semiautomatic welding with gas protection and without it have been developed. These wires deposit Fe-based nanostructured alloys with high abrasive wear resistance. The information on these new consumables is scarce, especially about the effect that the welding parameters (heat input, shielding gas, arc voltage, current intensity, etc.) have on the deposit, its microstructure and, consequently, its wear behaviour. For this reason, in this article, we study the effect of heat input (voltage, intensity of current and welding velocity) on the properties of a flux-cored arc welding Fe-based nanostructured deposit obtained without gas protection. This study is a continuation of a previous one in which the same consumable was used under shielding gas. Bead on plate samples were welded using heat inputs between 0.5 and 3.5 k/mm. The dimensional study was performed on the beads, chemical composition was determined and the microstructure was analysed using optical and electronic microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Microhardness, crystallite size and dilution percentage were also measured. An important influence of the welding parameters on the bead geometry and the microstructure was observed. The operational behaviour of this wire, welded without shielding gas, was very good.     

旁路耦合电弧高速焊接工艺

为了实现传热、传质的解耦,提出了旁路耦合电弧焊接工艺(Arcing-wire PAW).介绍了旁路耦合电弧焊接工艺的原理和系统组成,利用数据采集系统和高速摄像机对电信号和熔滴过渡进行同步采集,结合电信号变化和熔滴过渡行为分析不同焊接参数对熔滴过渡的影响.结果表明,送丝速度和MIG电流的变化改变了焊丝熔化的平衡位置,使得熔滴的过渡状态和频率发生了变化,焊丝垂直高度的变化使得焊丝充分利用熔池的热量实现稳定快速过渡.由于传热和传质可以分开控制且电弧形态在焊接方向被拉长,保证了高速焊接时焊接过程的稳定性.     

焊丝成分对高速列车转向架焊接接头性能的影响

采用富氩基CO2焊工艺对高速列车转向架用S355J2G3钢板进行焊接,分析了焊丝中C,Mn,Si和Nb元素在焊接过程中的烧损及过渡规律,并研究了焊丝中C,Mn,Si和Nb元素含量变化对焊接接头力学性能的影响.结果表明,在富氩基CO2保护焊工艺中,Mn,Si元素会产生烧损,合理提高焊丝中Mn,Si元素含量,才能获得与母材相匹配的焊接接头性能,C元素的烧损规律与焊丝中各元素的原始含量有关.随着焊丝中C,Si,Mn元素含量的增加,焊缝金属的强度增加,断后伸长率降低.Nb元素的加入会显著提高焊缝金属的强度,但同时会恶化其塑性和韧性,因此应严格控制焊丝中的Nb元素含量.     

外界因素对焊接咬边问题的影响规律

采用Ansys有限元分析法建立了数学模型,分析咬边形成和熔宽最大处熔池的深宽比之间的关系;通过数值模拟方法,分析了工件厚度、工件初始温度以及散热条件对熔池温度场的影响,发现工件厚度较小时不易产生咬边现象,通过提高工件预热温度、改善散热条件可有效抑制咬边的产生,最后,通过对不同预热温度下的工件进行TIG焊接实验,验证了数值模拟结果的正确性。