OMA为中国电视巨擎CCTV设计新总部大楼

中央电视台的55.3万平方米的新总部大楼将出现在北京新的中央商务区建造的首批300座高层建筑之中。总建设成本估计约为6亿欧元(约48亿人民币)。该工程是为2008年的北京奥运会建设的。 中央电视台新总部大楼将是在中国建设的首批欧洲式的摩天楼之一。作为由北京国际招标公司组织的一项国际建筑竞标的结果,大都会建筑事务所(Officefor Metropolitan Architecture,OMA)提出的方案于2002年12月20日被授予合同。     

中央电视台(CCTV)新主楼的结构设计及关键技术

中央电视台新台址CCTV主楼为位于高地震区的复杂超限超高层连体建筑,主楼最高点为234m,塔楼双向6°倾斜,且在高位作L型连体结构连接,采用较强抗侧刚度的钢支撑筒体结构体系。针对该重要、复杂、特殊的结构体系,按设计使用年限100年进行结构设计,进行了基于性能的抗震设计、模拟结构刚度形成的施工过程计算、罕遇地震下的弹塑性时程分析、悬臂部分的振动与舒适度研究以及整体结构防连续倒塌分析。对复杂的超厚基础筏板、SRC柱构件以及巨型蝶型节点采用了有限元分析。基于大量理论分析与试验研究相结合的研究成果,结构设计采用了变刚度桩基设计超厚基础筏板、高含钢率SRC柱、高强钢材、巨型蝶形节点、高强锚栓柱脚以及钢板加强楼面设计等新技术。     

华电集团华中总部基地主楼抗震性能设计

华电集团华中总部基地主楼的两个塔楼在顶部8层(47~54层)连为一体,为"门"形复杂连体超限高层建筑。结构存在楼板不连续、刚度和承载力突变、构件间断、局部不规则等5项不规则项。对主楼进行了抗震性能分析,确定了结构构件抗震性能目标。对主楼进行了小震静力弹性和弹性时程分析、中震和大震等效弹性分析及大震弹塑性时程分析,重点对比了单塔模型与整体模型统计的力学和变形指标的差异、加强层及连体桁架屈服情况,验算了墙肢受力状态,并根据分析结果采取相应的抗震措施,抗震性能达到预期的性能目标C类要求。最后针对地下室顶板开大洞、连体层楼板受力性能、结构抗连续倒塌等做了专门的计算分析与构造设计,结果满足要求。     

454m高上海广播电视塔工程垂直运输的处理

改制88HC塔机,并根据电视塔施工实际分别进行自升和附着转换作业,是454m高上海广播电视塔工程垂直运输处理的主要特点。     

北京城市扩展的环境效应模拟与评价

基于L THIA GIS模型,以北京为案例研究区,应用水文土壤类型、土地利用类型以及长期日降水量数据,有效模拟了长时间段内以城市扩展为主要特征的土地利用变化对水文过程以及城市非点源污染的宏观影响态势,挖掘出区域内潜在的长期污染问题及其空间分布。结果表明,虽然1996—2004年间连续干旱导致年径流量整体减少,但城八区年径流量却呈增加趋势,各分区年径流量变化幅度与耕地向建成区转化的比例具有一致性,说明保护并合理利用耕地对减少城市径流有重要意义;城市建设用地的单位面积产流量远远大于农业用地和生态用地,林地向城市建设用地转变所产生的水文效应敏感性最强,其次依次为：水域、草地、农村居民点和农业用地,林地、水域、草地等生态用地需要特别加强保护;通过L THIA模型和GIS平台,实现了区域非点源污染的分布式模拟,结果显示城市扩展对城市非点源污染的影响大于降水变化的影响,根据模拟结果和下垫面（土地利用）对城市非点源污染的影响,初步将北京划分为4类城市非点源污染产生的敏感性区域,为土地利用管理和环境规划提供指引。     

镇江市主城区排水管网计算机建模方法

为了预防道路积水等城市型水灾害，基于暴雨雨水管理模型（SWMM）平台建立了镇江市主城区排水管网计算机模拟模型。结合建模实践，对排水管网计算机实用建模方法进行了探讨，可分为汇水子区域划分、参数获取、模拟情境设计、灵敏度分析及模型预校准等步骤，为后续的模型微观校准提供了有利条件。该方法对现阶段建模数据不完备地区的排水管网建模具有借鉴意义。     

我国对外工程咨询业区域结构演变研究

基于1995~2008年间我国27个省份对外工程咨询发展状况,运用聚类分析法对其区域结构演变进行研究,认为我国对外工程咨询业正由过去的整体实力不强、区域发展不均,向总量提升与结构优化的方向发展。继续推动该转变将有利于进一步做强做大我国工程咨询业,提升国际竞争力。     

中铁九局总部办公楼绿色设计

围绕建筑节能、节水、节地等内容介绍中铁九局总部办公楼工程的绿色建筑设计.探讨适合东北地区特点的绿色建筑技术措施.     

我国城市路面塌陷事故统计分析

为探究路面塌陷事故发生的规律及内在因素,从事故发生时间分布、地域分布、致因类型等不同维度对2014~2018年的2322 起路面塌陷事故进行统计分析。结果表明,城市路面塌陷事故基本呈逐年递增趋势;在这5 年期间,7、8 月份事故发生起数最多,甘肃、河南、陕西、广东等省份为路面塌陷事故高发省份;管道渗漏是路面塌陷事故最主要的直接原因。运用聚类分析的方法,将各省市路面塌陷事故划分为五类,对各类特征进行研究分析。并对统计分析结果进行总结,提出防范路面塌陷事故的相应建议。     

冷却塔供冷技术在我国应用的模拟与预测分析

认为冷却塔供冷 (又称免费供冷 )是一种节能降耗的系统形式。建立了冷却塔供冷系统在我国不同条件下的运行能耗模型 ,在模拟建筑上预测了全国 7个典型城市的应用情况 ,给出并分析了节能率、供冷温度等可用作设计参考的预测结果。     

A Comparison of Different Approaches in Numerical Modeling of Pavement Granular Material

Modeling pavement granular materials have played through an experimental or numerical approach to predict the a significant role in pavement design procedure. Modeling can be granular behavior during cyclic loading. Current design process in western Australia is based on linear elastic analysis of layers. The analysis is largely performed through a well-known program CIRCLY which is applied to model bound pavement material behavior. The KENLAYER is one of the common pavement software models used for pavement design in the United State which performs non-linear analysis for granular materials. Alternatively, a general finite element program such as ABAQUS can be used to model the complicated behavior ofmultilayer granular materials. This study is to compare results of numerical modeling with these three programs on a sample constructed pavement model. Moreover, a parametric study on the effects of Poisson ratio over the surface deflection of the flexible pavement has been conducted. It is found that increase in Poisson ratio of asphalt layer will increase the surface deflection while the increase in Poisson ratio of granular layers decreases the surface deflection.     

Stability and seismic analyses of leaning towers: the case of the minaret in Jam

The leaning Minaret of Jam, one of the tallest in the world, was declared as the Afghanistan's first World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2002. The global stability analysis of the tower against soil collapse is first evaluated in the present configuration, in the hypothesis of increasing bending moment at the base section, assuming elastic‐perfect plastic behavior for the soil. Then, a finite element model is set up, which is used for the modal analysis and then for the seismic push‐over analysis, based on both single and multi‐modal approaches. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Modeling and performance evaluation of shallow ground water heat pumps in Beijing plain, China

The use of groundwater for cooling and heating purposes is of interest from both the economical and the ecological perspective. The groundwater heat pump (GWHP) system utilizes groundwater as alternative renewable and clean energy source for space heating and/or cooling, withdraws water from a production well, passes it through a heat exchanger and discharges the water into an injection well. By utilizing the relatively stable temperature of groundwater, GWHP system can achieve a higher coefficient of performance. Due to the utilization of groundwater stored in the aquifer, the assessment of the hydraulic capacity of the aquifer based on numerical groundwater models is always needed for the optimum design and the efficient performance of GWHP. In this paper, numerical methods of underground heat-water transfer, energy balance method and thermal storage method were presented to calculate the capacity of unit area of shallow groundwater aquifer. The model results indicate that the numerical method, which is based on performance efficiency of GWHP, represents the behaviour of groundwater pumping/recharging processes, and serves better than energy balance method and thermal storage method, in addition it has been proven itself that this method has the advantages of energy saving and environmental protection. The calculated capacity is positively related to aquifer thickness. It is found that it is easy for ground water recharge in alluvial and pluvial fan located at the piedmont, while the calculated capacity is relatively smaller compared with that of south-east plain where it is not easy for groundwater recharge.     

从博泽上海总部项目看绿色建筑理念与常规设计手法

以博泽上海总部项目为例,分析了该项目中应用的绿色建筑理念和常规设计手法,以及对中国当前环境下如何将绿色建筑理念付诸实施的启示。     

中部六省中心城市竞争力实证分析

本文利用中部六省省会城市的相关数据,分为经济发展水平、科技与教育、交通运输与邮电通信、基础设施与生活质量4个子系统建立城市竞争力综合评价指标体系,运用主成分分析方法研究六省会的整体实力,综合评价与分析后提出应该确立武汉作为中部六省的龙头城市进行发展以及相应的发展策略。     

From hot to cold: A spatial analysis of self-employment in the United States

Self-employment is a geographical phenomenon influenced by national and regional contexts. However, the study of both contexts combined is scarce in the literature on the formation of regional clusters. Using panel data from the USA for 1998-2018, we perform different techniques to study both contexts combined, including exploratory spatial data analysis and dynamic spatial estimations. We find evidence of spatial dependence of selfemployment rates, although it has decreased over time. Results also suggest that most of the spatial dependence is explained by the clusters of regions with low entrepreneurship activity, and that clusters formed by highly entrepreneurial regions are the most sensitive to fluctuations in the national selfemployment rate.     

Economic clusters: A bridge between economic and spatial policies in the case of Beijing

Economic clusters have been recognised as important elements of urban and regional economic strategies, but their role in spatial planning is under-appreciated. This paper examines the initiatives and outcomes of economic clusters in relation to urban spatial planning in the periods of planned and market economies in China. Through an examination of the planning and development practices in Beijing, the effect of economic clusters in facilitating local growth and shaping urban spatial structure is revealed. The significance of economic clusters in achieving synergy between economic and spatial policies is discussed.     

基于空间聚类分析的杭州市生产性服务业集聚区分布特征研究

运用空间数据挖掘技术中的空间聚类分析法,以商务办公楼宇为空间对象,以其地理位置为空间数据、建筑面积为属性数据进行空间聚类计算,对杭州市中心城区生产性服务业集聚区进行划分和判定.以这些集聚区为基本空间分析单元,杭州市生产性服务业的整体空间发展表现出向心集聚的特征,并且向集聚区集中的态势不断强化,生产性服务业集聚区的规模构成、功能特征与空间分布之间存在着某种关联性.分析结果表明,生产性服务业集聚区所在的或邻近的地域所承担的城市功能等级越高,集聚区的规模越大;生产性服务业集聚区的产业功能不同,空间区位分布也会不同,并在一定程度上受到地方劳动力市场空间分布的影响.在生产性服务业空间集聚发展过程中,产业自身发展与城市空间开发之间产生的矛盾,导致了生产性服务业总体上仍处于相对分散的布局,建议在空间开发模式、区位选址以及开发容量三个方面进行合理的规划引导.     

基于因子分析法和聚类分析的我国各省市建筑业竞争力评价研究

对各地建筑业的竞争力进行合理客观评价,分析其在不同方面的优劣对于建筑业因地制宜发展有着重要意义。通过构建我国建筑业竞争力评价指标体系,选取国家统计局关于建筑业的统计数据,首先应用因子分析法对这些数据进行处理,得到三个影响建筑业竞争力的公共因子即规模因子、技术因子和盈利水平因子,进而计算各公共因子得分及全国31个省市建筑业综合竞争力水平的得分,对各省市建筑业的综合竞争力和优劣进行评价。其次,在因子分析的基础上,运用聚类分析的方法将31个省市分为五大类,并对每类地区的建筑业特点进行全面分析,以便为我国建筑业发展战略和相关政策的制定提供参考。     

华中地区钢铁企业植物配置探讨

钢铁企业为重污染企业,依据华中地区钢铁企业的立地条件提出了在华中地区钢铁企业环境建设中,植物品种的选择和植物配置的原则,得出在华中地区钢铁企业中植物配置的方法.并通过武汉钢铁(集团)公司和涟源钢铁(集团)公司中多年的实地栽培经验介绍适合华中地区钢铁企业的植物配置.