一种改进的Pasternak地基模型及层合地基板的解析解

从三维弹性力学基本方程出发,建立了正交异性材料层合板的状态方程,并提出一种改进的Pasternak弹性地基模型,给出了四边简支层合地基板的解析解。此解满足层合板的基本方程和层间连续条件,适合任意厚跨比,计及了所有材料常数,考虑了基底切向接触应力的影响。算例讨论了地基参数对几种地基模型的影响。计算结果表明,随着地基刚度的增大,剪应力的影响是不可忽略的。     

Coupled flexural and torsional vibrations of ship-like girders

The paper is related to investigation of coupled horizontal flexural and torsional vibrations of container vessels. Differential equations of coupled vibrations of a prismatic beam with open cross-section are derived. The equations are solved analytically by direct integration and by variational method. In the former case, the frequency equation is reduced to a polynomial of the fourth order. In the latter case, beam deflection and twist angle are assumed in the form of series of natural modes of uncoupled vibrations of free beam with suspended warping. The variational method manifests very fast convergence and high accuracy. Application of the developed methods is illustrated in the case of a prismatic pontoon with cross-section of a container vessel. The same numerical example is used for checking 1D FEM mathematical model and code developed for analyses of real structures of container vessels with variable cross-sections. In addition, correlation analysis of 1D and 3D FEM results is done to validate the accuracy of the former.     

基于Pasternak地基的盾构隧道开挖非连续地下管线的挠曲

盾构隧道开挖引起地下管线挠曲的准确预估对于其损伤评估与防护控制至关重要。引入Pasternak地基模型,采用有限差分方法推导了盾构隧道开挖地层损失下带接头管线的挠曲解答。经与离心机模型试验结果及连续弹性解对比,验证了该理论解答的适用性及其在运算效率方面的优势,并给出了地基剪切刚度的取值建议。参数分析发现,接头刚度会对管线挠曲产生显著影响,随接头刚度的增大,管线最大挠度降低,挠曲线形态趋近于连续管线;此外,接头数量及其分布也会对管线挠曲产生影响,其影响程度随接头数量的增大而削弱。     

框架结构与Winkler地基梁相互作用分析的新超元法

在文献[6]的基础上,提出了框架结构与Winkler地基梁相互作用分析的新超元法,导出了一种新的超级单元刚度矩阵。该超级单元刚度矩阵不仅反映了上部框架结构和基础梁的刚度贡献,而且反映了Winkler地基的刚度贡献。以此新的超级单元分析整体结构,提高计算精度,简化计算。     

十字交叉梁与地基共同作用的半解析半数值分析方法(英文)

基于弹性梁理论和Boussinesq解,将弹性地基上的十字交叉梁基础分开为两个方向的梁,通过梁与地基以及梁与梁之间的力与位移平衡协调分析,得出了十字交叉梁基础与地基共同作用的半解析解。同时对十字交叉梁与地基共同作用的影响因素进行了分析。本文方法收敛性好,计算速度快,精度可靠,算例表明了方法的正确性和实用性。     

桩基施工对临近建筑物的影响分析

本文对有争议的相邻桩基施工影响进行了分析判断,探讨了桩基施工对周围建筑影响的方式,经分析判断商住楼倾斜并非相邻桩基施工的直接影响造成的,并提出了降低桩基施工对周围建筑影响的方案,以供参考。     

Dynamic characterisation of wind turbine towers account for a monopile foundation and different soil conditions

The response of wind turbines is induced by dynamic loads such as wind, transient and cyclic loads, and also extreme loads such as earthquakes. Thus, the structural design requires an accurate evaluation of the modal parameters of the system because it is strongly required that no resonances are excited. Moreover, it has been concluded from previous research works that soil–structure interaction (SSI) should be accounted for the analysis. In the present paper, the structural dynamic response of wind turbine towers is investigated considering different soil conditions using a numerical model. This research is focused on SSI effects. Firstly, changes in the modal parameters of three different wind turbines considering the effect of three soils are evaluated. The results show that the evaluation of the natural frequency and the resulting classification of the wind turbine design type can be affected by SSI. The obtained results could be used to evaluate the decrement of the natural frequency of the wind turbine account for the soil and the foundation in relation to the frequency computed without soil interaction. Next, the seismic response of the wind tower is analysed considering two seismic events: a horizontally polarised shear incident wave and El Centro earthquake.     

地基基础与上部结构共同作用下的地基模型

综述了地基本构模型发展的历史、现状以及未来趋势，介绍了工程上常用的几种地基模型，并通过分析各类本构模型的优缺点，确定了其应用范围。     

框架结构-桩筏基础-地基共同作用的剪力和位移分析

利用有限元软件ANSYS 10.0建立传统模型和框架结构-桩筏基础-地基的共同作用模型。采用时程分析法,在一定条件下对地震作用下的传统模型和上部结构-地基-基础的共同作用进行数值模拟分析。结果表明,对两种不同模型进行地震作用下的时程分析比较,增大筏板厚度和地基刚度,共同作用模型的结构最大层剪力和最大层位移都有所减小。     

框架结构及筏基与边坡地基共同作用的受力分析

随着山地城镇建设的发展,一些建筑不得不建于边坡地基之上,边坡地基与建筑结构之间的共同作用成为一个现实的研究课题。通过有限元数值分析的方法,对某框架结构及筏基与边坡地基的共同作用受力问题进行了计算分析,其中边坡地基坡高10m,坡度为2：1,上部建筑为10层的框架结构。共同作用分析中上部结构、基础与边坡地基满足三者的受力平衡和变形协调条件。研究了考虑共同作用后的边坡地基强度变形情况及上部框架结构及筏板基础内力和变形情况,得出了对工程实践有参考意义的结论。     

Alternative solution for kinematic interaction problem of soil–structure systems with embedded foundation

An effective procedure to incorporate kinematic interaction (KI) aspects in seismic analysis of soil–structures systems was presented. In this regard, first, the effect of KI on the structural response was investigated with special focus on the role of rocking component of foundation input motion (FIM). This was performed parametrically for a wide range of selected nondimensional parameters, which well define the introduced simplified soil–structure model. It was observed that ignoring the effect of rocking input motion may introduce errors, which can be on the unsafe side especially for slender structures with large embedment ratios. On the other hand, it was known that introducing the rocking input motion makes the problem too complicated to be addressed by simplified guidelines suitable for seismic codes or practicing engineers. As an alternative solution, a modified translational input motion was introduced, which can replace both translational and rotational components of FIM. This modified input motion, which was referred to as the net horizontal (NH) FIM in this article, was generated such that the roof displacement of the soil–structure system to this motion is identical to that of the same model subject to the multicomponent FIM resulted by KI. The applicability of the proposed procedure was then examined for a wide range of soil–structure systems subjected to a couple of real ground motions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

复合地基加固软基方案比选分析研究

以某沿海二级公路建设项目为背景,介绍两种常用的复合地基加固软土地基处理方案。在阐述长螺旋钻孔压灌桩和钉形双向水泥土搅拌桩两种桩体成桩工艺流程和质量控制要点的基础上,对两种桩体在加固软体地基方面的优缺点进行对比分析,最终确定该项目软土地基加固方案为长螺旋钻孔压灌桩。     

Vibration of prestressed thin cylindrical shells conveying fluid

A general approach to modelling the vibration of prestressed thin cylindrical shells conveying fluid is presented. The steady flow of fluid is described by the classical potential flow theory, and the motion of the shell is represented by Sanders’ theory of thin shells. A strain–displacement relationship is deployed to derive the geometric stiffness matrix due to the initial stresses caused by hydrostatic pressure. Hydrodynamic pressure acting on the shell is developed through dynamic interfacial coupling conditions. The resulting equations governing the motion of the shell and fluid are solved by a finite element method. This model is subsequently used to investigate the small-vibration dynamic behaviour of prestressed thin cylindrical shells conveying fluid. It is validated by comparing the computed natural frequencies, within the linear region, with existing reported experimental results. The influence of initial tension, internal pressure, fluid flow velocity and the various geometric properties is also examined.     

新旧房屋相接处基础处理的设计实例探讨

结合具体工程实例，从概念设计的角度介绍了如何在实践中理解和运用桩基和筏基处理新旧建筑基础衔接问题，做到既满足建筑设计要求又保证新旧房屋结构的安全。     

深水桥墩流固耦合下的自振特性研究

首先探讨了深水桥墩流固耦合下动力特性研究的有限元理论和建立计算模型的方法。研究了桥墩墩水耦合分析中流体单元网格尺寸、流体范围对深水桥墩动力特性数值解精度的影响,得出了工程中常见的墩水耦合分析较优水体单元尺寸和理想水体范围图。计算分析了矩形、圆形和圆端型截面深水桥墩的自振特性,实心墩在水中的自振频率降低10%～20%之间。空心墩频率降低幅度大于实心墩,与截面尺寸和壁厚密切相关。水体对空心墩的振型也有一定影响。进一步研究了淹没深度、桥墩截面尺寸以及空心墩壁厚对深水桥墩频率降低幅度的影响,得到有益的结论。该研究方法以及相关结论可以对墩水耦合问题的进一步研究以及工程应用提供参考。     

承台(基础)-桩-土不同构造形式下的相互作用研究

桩与承台 (或基础 )之间可能有嵌入、接触和隔一层褥垫层三种构造形式 ,针对现有桩与承台连接的复合桩基和在桩顶设置褥垫层的刚性桩复合地基构造形式 ,提出了在桩顶与基础之间预留净空以发挥土承载力的一种新的构造形式。对不同构造形式 ,进行了一系列现场足尺单桩复合地基试验 ,对竖向荷载作用下承台 (基础 ) -桩 -土相互作用、破坏模式、承载力确定等进行了对比分析与研究。     

中心岛法支护结构内力及变形计算的地基反力法

中心岛施工法中预留土台具有减小围护结构内力和变形、节约成本、设置灵活等优点在工程中应用日益广泛,然而预留土台作用下围护结构的计算方法还不成熟。本文基于Winkler弹性地基反力法,根据围护结构沿竖向受力模式的不同,提出了一种新的计算分析模型及控制方程组,推导了围护结构内力及变形计算的数学解析解矩阵表达式,并给出解析解解答方法。最后,编制Matlab计算程序进行围护结构内力及变形计算,并与现场监测数据结果进行对比分析来验证解析方法的可靠性,结果证明该方法能够准确计算中心岛施工法围护结构内力及变形。     

Influence of soilestructure interaction on seismic collapse resistanceof super-tall buildings

Numerous field tests indicate that the soilestructure interaction （SSI） has a significant impact on thedynamic characteristics of super-tall buildings, which may lead to unexpected structural seismic responsesand/or failure. Taking the Shanghai Tower with a total height of 632 m as the research object, thesubstructure approach is used to simulate the SSI effect on the seismic responses of Shanghai Tower. Therefined finite element （FE） model of the superstructure of Shanghai Tower and the simplified analyticalmodel of the foundation and adjacent soil are established. Subsequently, the collapse process of ShanghaiTower taking into account the SSI is predicted, as well as its final collapse mechanism. The influences ofthe SSI on the collapse resistance capacity and failure sequences are discussed. The results indicate that,when considering the SSI, the fundamental period of Shanghai Tower has been extended significantly,and the collapse margin ratio has been improved, with a corresponding decrease of the seismic demand.In addition, the SSI has some impact on the failure sequences of Shanghai Tower subjected to extremeearthquakes, but a negligible impact on the final failure modes.
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