工程机械产品形态的语义解析

以国内工程机械行业设计水平发展为背景,以产品形态和语义研究为基础,从功能语义、象征语义、设计语义、用户语境、市场语境等方面,详细分析了工程机械产品形态,阐述了工程机械产品形态设计的设计发展趋势。在此基础上,为增强工程机械产品的形态语义表达,满足现代工程机械产品形态设计需要,准确传递产品信息提供了设计参考。     

基于任务元的工程产品CAD信息对象集成模型

工程设计是工程技术人员根据约束条件及有关规范,利用自身经验、专业知识及一系列分析、综合、评价得到满足特定要求的设计结果所进行的一种智能活动。它是一个十分复杂的过程,一般要经历方案设计、初步设计和施工图设计三个阶段,包括设计构思、结构计算、设计细化、施工图绘制、工程概预算等。这些活动需要各类产品信息的通讯、交换和共享,因此研究协同产品信息模型十分必要。本文针对工程设计的特点,提出并建立了工程产品CAD信息对象集成模型。最后     

基于人机工程学的产品创新设计研究——过程分析法的应用

产品创新需要创新的构思方法,对于许多工业设计师来说,真正有意义和现实的创新构思过程是运用科学方法,一步一步展开构思的过程。产品创新设计的真正挑战是满足用户的现实需求和潜在需求,因此如何满足人们的需求才是创新设计的重中之重。绝大多数的产品都必须通过人的操作才能达到为人服务的目的。因此,产品必须围绕人的操作和使用方式来进行创新设计。过程分析法正是通过对人机工程学的进一步探讨和具体化,分别从人机分工、人机界面和人—机—环境之间的关系来进行分析,利用理性的思维方式,明确产品的定位,充分考虑各个方面的因素,提示思考,将人机工程学的思想融入产品创新设计过程,拓展思路。     

基于生态美学的日用陶瓷产品研究

生态美学是在后现代文明语境中探索人与自然的关系的一个新的美学概念。文章从生态美学的概念出发,探讨日用陶瓷产品的设计方法和原则,进而不断创新日用陶瓷产品的设计理念,为日用陶瓷产品设计师未来的发展定位提供必要的参考价值。     

基于生态设计及心理学的“慢产品”方法研究

本文通过对速度时代的反思,从生态设计以及消费者心理方面对"慢产品"的概念进行了分析和阐述,旨在构建一个既满足消费者需求,同时能有效利用资源创造出一个平稳发展的设计体系。     

浅析符号观念下的产品形态语义及传达

时至今日,现代设计进入了一个多元化的发展阶段,"以人为本"的设计理念早已深入人心,关注产品的形态语义已成为产品设计必须考虑的重要因素。文章从符号学的角度出发,简要分析了产品形态语义的构成,指出形态语义具有重要的传达功能并对其传达进行了初步分析,最后以"ipod现象"为例说明了产品形态语义的重要作用。     

智能信息系统中手机产品评论的情感倾向分析

目前国内用户购买和使用大量不同手机产品。为帮助手机生产商识别用户评论的情感倾向、为其他潜在的手机用户提供手机产品购买建议,文中通过模块设计构建一个处理手机产品评论的智能信息系统,该系统用于挖掘和分析针对手机产品的评论信息。其中情感倾向分析是该系统的核心环节,因此文中研究并提出了一种基于条件随机场的针对手机产品的情感倾向识别方法,并通过采用多种实验手段寻找并验证该识别方法的有效性,从而完成对手机产品评论的高效、准确的自动识别。     

智能信息系统中手机产品评论的情感倾向分析

目前国内用户购买和使用大量不同手机产品。为帮助手机生产商识别用户评论的情感倾向、为其他潜在的手机用户提供手机产品购买建议,文中通过模块设计构建一个处理手机产品评论的智能信息系统,该系统用于挖掘和分析针对手机产品的评论信息。其中情感倾向分析是该系统的核心环节,因此文中研究并提出了一种基于条件随机场的针对手机产品的情感倾向识别方法,并通过采用多种实验手段寻找并验证该识别方法的有效性,从而完成对手机产品评论的高效、准确的自动识别。     

变能否通——谈康柏改变Presario产品定位

一个产品的市场定位直接决定了产品的购买群,尤其是在今天,人们或多或少都受着商品广告的影响,常常不自觉对号入座地购买相应的商品。因此作为厂商,在考虑产品的市场定位时,通常都会进行大量的市场调查,十分慎重地做出判断。只有准确定位,才会获得相(?)     

一种实现PDM产品结构管理的扩展产品结构树

对设计过程进行分析，针对设计活动，产品信息和设计人员３个要素，提出一种扩展的产品结构树，能反映产品数据的过程相关性，以此为基础，建立ＰＤＭ中产品结构管理的功能结构，并讨论了产品结构管理与ＰＤＭ的集成关系。     

Integrated product and manufacturing system platforms supporting the design of personalized medicines

Pharmaceutical product customization, a prerequisite for personalized medicines, is currently a widely researched topic. Patient characteristics can be mapped and translated into parameters for designing patients’ individual treatment, i.e., the dosage form. However, current pharmaceutical manufacturing is dominated by mass production and lacks the capability and flexibility required to produce customized products. Mass customization is a proven successful approach in, for example, the manufacturing industry and thus has been discussed as an enabler for pharmaceutical product customization but has never been fully explored in a pharmaceutical context. Inspired by mass customization approaches in the manufacturing industry, this study proposes a novel methodology to develop integrated product and manufacturing system platforms for pharmaceutical products supporting a mass customization paradigm. The proposed methodology establishes sets of product and manufacturing system platform variants and suggests an approach to feasible platform design selection. The applicability of the proposed methodology is illustrated for diabetes treatment as a selected case example. Integrated platform designs are developed for the conventional treatment of a fully integral tablet design and for a design enabling product customization with a modularized tablet design. The manufacturing platforms are still embracing a mass production design in the methodology illustration and should elicit knowledge on the utility of the current production design in a mass customization context. The performance and utility of the respective platform are assessed in terms of production cost and patient benefit. The results suggest a substantial increase in patient benefit afforded by the modularized tablet design, however the production cost is increased. This trade-off between the production cost and patient benefit thus calls for novel manufacturing system concepts to achieve the feasible manufacturing of customized pharmaceutical products.     

Modular and platform methods for product family design: literature analysis

After the industrial revolution, the literature has mentioned different principles to allow a better management of the production and product life cycle activities. For example the principle of standardization was first mentioned in the literature by an automobile engineer and placed in a real context by Henry Ford. Standardization has made possible the configuration of different products using a large set of common components. Another strategy called modularization was first mentioned in the literature in the 60s. The modularity proposed to group components of products in a module for practical production objectives. Today, modularity and standardization are promising tools in product family development because they allow to design a variety of products using the same modules of components called platforms. Using platforms allows important family design savings and easy manufacturing. In this paper we give a literature review of the platform concept with a special interest on the efficient product family development. This paper is organized as follows. Section 1 mentions the general context of modularity to develop product variety. Section 2 details the importance of product architectures in the literature for a modular design. Section 3 points on some important works that apply some modular and platform methodologies.This revised version was published in June 2005 with corrected page numbers.     

基于三维头型及穴位分布的辅助设计平台的研究

为设计适合中国人头型的头戴产品,提高产品佩戴时的适配性和舒适性,开展了 辅助头戴产品设计的图形化平台的研究。首先基于国家标准重构了5 种标准头型的三维头部数 字化模型,并根据不同头型的第5,50 和95 百分位的头型缩放因子,构造了共15 个三维数字 化头型;然后根据中医理论中的穴位分布及定位方法,在所构造的头型上建立了7 条经络和78 个穴位的三维分布模型。采用三维网络图形开发包Three.js 开发了头戴产品辅助设计平台,实 现了多百分位头型的连续变形、头部穴位动态定位及基准平面剖切功能,可对头戴产品的穴位 点匹配、贴合区域间隙和干涉等进行适配性分析。以某头戴按摩仪为例开展试戴及适配性分析, 可有效发现该产品结构上存在的问题。该研究可为相关头戴产品的适配性分析提供参考。     

Representing variability in a family of MRI scanners

Promoting software reuse is probably the most promising approach to the cost‐effective development and evolution of quality software. An example of reuse is the successful adoption of software product families in industry. In a product family context, software architects anticipate product variation and design architectures that support product derivation in both space (multiple contexts) and time (changing contexts). Product derivation is based on the concept of variability: a single architecture and a set of components support a family of products. Modern software product families need to support increasing amounts of variability, leading to a situation where variability engineering becomes of primary concern. Variability is often introduced as an ‘add‐on’ to the system without taking the consequences for more than one lifecycle phase such as design or architecture into account. This paper (1) suggests a Variability Categorization and Classification Model (VCCM) for representing variability in the software lifecycle and (2) discusses a case study of a large‐scale software product family of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanners developed by Philips Medical Systems. The study illustrates how variability can be made an integral part of system development at different levels of abstraction. VCCM has been applied to the scanner family as an analysis tool. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于灰色系统理论的机械产品设计综合评价

将灰关联分析方法应用到机械设计综合评价体系各模块,实现了机械产品设计的综合评价。实例表明,该方法能处理复杂、多层、且信息不完备的问题,是一种比较好的评价方法,为进行产品设计提供了重要保证。     

产品造型与产品语义中的平衡

对于一项出色的产品设计来说,由其造型所体现出的产品语义的各种内涵上应该是平衡的,正是这种平衡成就了产品的完善与和谐,也成就了该设计出色的商业价值和社会价值。平衡的理念为产品造型和产品语义之间构建一座坚实的桥梁。平衡的概念其实贯穿了产品设计的每一个方面,又在产品的造型设计中得以体现,良好的设计表现需要平衡各种方面的因素,包括视觉效果、产品内涵等各方面,创造和谐而高效的产品才是最终追求的目标。     

浅析错视在现代产品造型设计中的应用

错视作为一种普遍的视觉现象,在艺术创作及设计工作中受到青睐,合理地运用错视,可以使设计更为完美和富于创意。本文通过对错视的研究和分析,主要从图形、色彩、质感、光影、图底反转等角度来论述错视在现代产品造型设计中的应用,并进一步探讨了其对现代产品造型设计的意义。     

Product platform design to improve commonality in custom products

Many companies find it difficult to maintain commonality and economies of scale in products with strict customer design requirements that may vary greatly from contract-to-contract or piece-to-piece. These strict and varied requirements typically result in highly customized products that are costly to manufacture, involve small production runs, and require long delivery times. In this paper, we discuss how the strategic incorporation of product platforms into the design process can leverage the design effort of individually customized products. The example involves the design of cross-sections for yokes used to mount valve actuators in the nuclear power industry. Through this example we demonstrate the process of creating a market segmentation grid, choosing a targeted segment, creating a product platform for the yoke cross-section, and subsequently defining the yoke product family using the product platform concept exploration method. The end result is a platform-based product family that will improve response to customer requests, reduce design and manufacturing costs, and improve time to market for companies that make small production runs of highly customized products.     

A Web-enabled product definition and customization system for product conceptualization

Abstract: Owing to rapidly changing customer needs and much shorter product life cycles, for developing a successful product it is imperative to employ more efficient and flexible approaches for product conceptualization. To meet this demand, a Web-enabled product definition and customization system (PDCS) is proposed, from a design-knowledge-handling viewpoint, in this paper. It comprises two phases, namely product definition based on the laddering technique and a novel design knowledge hierarchy, and product customization based on an integrated methodology of conjoint analysis and Kohonen association techniques. Basically, this system is a method of conducting design decision-making via customer involvement, i.e. a strategy for transforming customer preference into a specific product concept. A case study on wood golf club design is used to illustrate and validate the proposed Web-enabled PDCS.     

Participatory approach to draw ergonomic criteria for window design

This paper sets new criteria to improve windows design strategies using participatory ergonomics and the grounded theory method. Focus groups are used to investigate participants' reactions and discussions about the visual stimuli and their deduction in terms of further employment of specific window design techniques or uses. Results framework is established through the relevance of the relationship between 25 coded categories, grouped in 5 main macro-categories used to describe the value attribution of ergonomic window design from the users' perspective. Three design principles are highlighted: connection with the outside context to feel oriented, filtering glaze or techniques to mediate the outdoor stimuli towards the ideal indoor conditions, and manageability. Overall the method is validated and applicable to other architectural features design study. For the designer or professional working on innovation and production in the Architecture and Engineering industries, these principles could be an efficient tool to improve the industrial appealability of a product.