SiO2与液态Al反应生成Al2O3/Al复合材料的研究

采用SiO2粉与液态Al反应制备Al2O3／Al复合材料，讨论了SiO2的加入量、反应温度、反应时间对反应速度的影响，分析了不同反应温度和保温时间下生成复合材料的微观结构。试验证明：当SiO2含量较低时，SiO2与Al发生完全反应，形成均匀Al2O3／Al复合层；当ω(SiO2)达一定量时，反应速度反而降低；保温时间为6～8h，反应速度最快，之后变慢。     

铝熔体中添加NH4Al(SO4)2制备Al/Al2O3复合材料

向铝熔体中添加脱水的硫酸铝铵,于900℃下发生分解反应,反应分解的Al2O3原位生成颗粒增强铝基复合材料。SEM观察表明,Al2O3颗粒在铝基体中细小弥散分布,形成球形的、不团聚的增强体颗粒。与基材相比,Al/Al2O3复合材料的耐磨损性能明显提高,耐磨性是基材的4倍,且由硫酸铝铵原位生成的复合材料耐磨性优于添加氧化铝形成的复合材料。拉伸实验结果显示,复合材料的抗拉强度没有明显变化,且塑性有所降低。     

包裹和热压制备Al2O3/Cu复合材料及性能研究

采用非匀相沉淀法制备了纳米Cu包裹Al2O3复合粉体,并利用热压烧结制备出Al2O3/Cu复合材料.利用X-ray衍射(XRD)、热重/差式-量热扫描法(TG/DSC)、透射电镜(TEM)对复合粉体的成分、热学特性以及形貌特征进行了表征;利用扫描电镜(SEM)、显维硬度计及万能试验机测试分析了复合材料的微观结构及力学性能.结果表明,利用非匀相沉淀法可以得到Cu包裹Al2O3的纳米复合粉体,包裹层为非连续态的纳米Cu颗粒,颗粒呈球形,尺寸为10nm左右.同单相Al2O3陶瓷相比,Al2O3/Cu复合陶瓷的力学性能有显著提高,断裂韧性是单相Al2O3陶瓷的1.5倍,复合陶瓷的抗弯强度比单相Al2O3陶瓷提高,且数值离散性下降.     

Al2O3/CUCrZr复合材料的制备工艺与性能研究

采用粉末冶金结合热挤压的工艺制备了Al2O3，颗粒增强CuCrZr基复合材料，探讨了制备工艺、热处理参数和CuCrZr粉末粒度对材料性能的影响。结果表明，以微量Cr和Zr元素强化铜基体，经过适当的时效处理工艺，可同时发挥弥散强化和复合强化两种机制的增强作用，显著提高复合材料的力学性能。     

铝液与SiO2反应原位形成Al／Al2O3（P）复合材料的研究

将铸造方法与原位技术相结合研制出原位形成的Ａｌ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３（Ｐ）复合材料。向铝液中添加（搅入法）预先在３００℃下烘烤３ｈ、粒径为３００μｍ的ＳｉＯ２颗粒，发生如下反应：３ＳｉＯ２＋４Ａｌ＝３Ｓｉ＋２Ａｌ２Ｏ３，其结果，原位形成颗粒分布均匀的Ａｌ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３（Ｐ）复合材料     

LSM法制备TiB2/Al复合材料净化的研究

采用X射线衍射仪、图像分析仪和光学显微镜,分析LSM法制备TiB2/Al复合材料的相组成,考察了净化方式对TiB2/Al复合材料的影响.结果表明:熔剂法精炼对TiB2/Al复合材料中TiB2颗粒的分布无明显影响,精炼后TiB2含量基本保持不变,而浮游法精炼则有显著影响,精炼后未检测到TiB2颗粒.普通铝合金的浮游法精炼工艺不适于复合材料的精炼.     

Al2O3P/Al复合材料钎焊的试验研究

针对Al2O3P/Al复合材料，选用铝基HL401作钎料，选用QJ201为钎剂，在炉中氩气保护下进行钎焊．试验研究了其焊接工艺参数对接头强度的影响。试验表明：采用炉中氩气保护下钎焊Al2O3P/Al复合材料完全可行，用所选择的合适的钎料和钎剂，在优化的工艺参数条件下可获得优质的焊接接头。     

Al2O3p/2024Al基复合材料的界面结构

利用TEM、HRTEM等分析测试手段,对挤压铸造法制备的Al2O3颗粒增强2024Al基复合材料的界面组织结构进行了观察与分析。结果表明：Al2O3p/2024Al基复合材料的界面结合良好,未发现界面反应物,铝基体与Al2O3颗粒以共格关系结合,界面属直接结合型,且Al2O3颗粒与Al基体存在如下的位向关系：Al2O3（1^-1^-21^-）//Al（1^-1^-1^-）;Al2O3〈3^-41^-1^-〉//Al〈110〉。     

Al2O3·SiO2/Zn-RE复合材料的界面及凝固组织

在扫描电镜上观察和研究了Al2 O3 ·SiO2 /Zn RE复合材料的凝固组织及其界面。结果表明 ,在复合材料中 ,Al2 O3 ·SiO2 纤维与基体间存在致密界面层 ,适当的化学反应可改善纤维与基体的结合 ;在凝固过程中 ,Al2 O3 ·SiO2 纤维可作为锌合金共晶体非自发形核的衬底 ,纤维 /基体界面上的硅在共晶体的共生生长过程中起了领先相作用 ,导致复合材料的共晶转变由铝硅共晶转变和锌铝共晶转变两者组成     

Al2O3/Cu复合材料的内氧化制备及性能研究

采用高能球磨制备出亚稳态的Cu-1%Al（质量分数）合金粉,再将Cu2O粉与其一起进行高能球磨,然后将复合粉末压坯在N2保护炉中同时进行氧化和烧结,制备出Al2O3/Cu复合材料。分析了分别采用湿法球磨和干法球磨时的合金化效果,讨论了模压压力对材料性能的影响。结果表明,对于Cu-Al混合粉来说,采用湿法球磨容易产生分层,采用干法球磨具有良好的合金化效果;在本试验条件下,750MPa为最佳的模压压力,但烧结后材料的电导率还是偏低,因此有必要进行后续的处理来进一步提高材料的性能。     

原位自生TiB2/Al复合材料的组织与力学性能

采用钛盐与硼盐反应法成功制备原位自生TiB2/纯Al复合材料。利用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和拉伸试验机研究不同粒子含量(质量分数为1%、2%和3%)对复合材料组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:原位生成的TiB2粒子有矩形、近圆形和六边形三种形貌,尺寸为200~500 nm;粒子与Al基体界面洁净无反应层。随着粒子含量的增加,复合材料的强度随之升高,而伸长率则随之降低;当TiB2含量为3%时,屈服强度和抗拉强度分别达到78.1 MPa和102 MPa,相比于纯Al分别提高58%和43%,而伸长率降至32.5%,下降了24%。断口分析表明:随着TiB2粒子含量的增加,粒子团聚机率增加,在拉伸过程中,裂纹在粒子团聚处萌生并扩展,导致材料的塑性降低。     

Friction and wear properties of mullite／ZrO2／Al2O3 composites

The friction and wear properties of ZrO2 and ALO3 cooperatively toughened mullite composites-mullite/ZrO2/Al2O3(MZA) were studied. The tribological tests were performed in a line-reciprocating tribometer using a GCr15 steel ball on a MZA disk under different dry reciprocating sliding conditions at room temperature. A wide range of normal loads and sliding speeds were chosen to investigate the relationship between the wear mechanisms of MZA and the testing conditions. The wear mechanism diagram of MZA is constructed, it contains two typical regions. It suggests that the wear mechanisms of MZA in each of the region change from one to another depending on the wear conditions. In the mild wear region, the wear rate of MZA is 10^-6 mm^3/m, and the wear mechanism of MZA is plastic deformation accompanied by a little micro-cracking. In the severe wear region, the wear rate of MZA is 10 5 mm^3/m and the dominant wear mechanism in this region is brittle fracture.     

Mechanical and dielectric properties of Ni/Al2O3 composites

Ni/Al2O3 composites were prepared by hot pressing approach. The relationship between their microstructure, mechanical, dielectric and magnetic properties with Ni particle content was studied. By increasing the amount of metal in the composite, the relative density and the bending strength decrease gradually. The possible reason is that non-wetting between Ni and alumina in the preparation results in weak adhesion of the Ni/A; interface. For the composites, the maximum fracture toughness is 6.4 MPa. m^1/2, which is about 25% higher than that of pure alumina ceramic. The increase in toughness of the Ni/Al2O3 composites is due to the deformation of nickel particles. The complex dielectric constant measurements indicate that the real part and the imaginary part increase greatly with the Ni content in the frequency range of 8.2-12.4 GHz. The real part and the imaginary part of complex permeability of the composites also increase with increasing Ni content.     

Al2O3p/Al复合材料中颗粒粒径与形态对组织和性能的影响

选用 5 .0和 0 .15 μm两种粒径的Al2 O3 颗粒 ,制备了Al2 O3 体积分数为 40 %的铝基复合材料。利用透射电镜对两种复合材料拉伸前后的组织进行观察 ,结果表明 :5 μm尖角形Al2 O3 颗粒增强复合材料的铸态组织中存在高密度的位错 ,这主要是由于热错配应力引起的 ;0 .15 μm椭球形Al2 O3 颗粒增强复合材料的铸态组织中几乎观察不到位错 ,这与颗粒细小且为等轴状、分布弥散、界面附近应力分布均匀等因素有关。对拉伸断口附近显微组织的观察表明 ,前者基体中位错进一步增殖 ,后者则存在明显的位错环。室温拉伸结果表明亚微米Al2 O3p/Al复合材料中的这种微观组织有利于材料强度和塑性的提高     

Mg_2Si/Al复合材料制备技术研究现状

Mg2Si/Al复合材料具有较多的优点,有着广泛的应用前景。探讨了Mg2Si/Al复合材料的制备技术,总结了各种技术的优缺点,得出了适合大规模工业化的制备方法。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of extruded Al/Al2O3 composites fabricated by stir-casting process

A novel two step mixing method including injection of particles into the melt by inert gas and stirring was used to prepare aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) reinforced with Al₂O₃ particles. Different mass fractions of micro alumina particles were injected into the melt under stirring speed of 300 r/min. Then the samples were extruded with ratios of 1.77 or 1.56. The microstructure observation showed that application of the injection and extrusion processes led to a uniform distribution of particles in the matrix. The density measurements showed that the porosity in the composites increased with increasing the mass fraction of Al₂O₃ and stirring speed and decreased by extrusion process. Hardness, yield and ultimate tensile strengths of the extruded composites increased with increasing the particle mass fraction to 7%, while for the composites without extrusion they increased with particle mass fraction to 5%.     

SiC_p/2024Al铝基复合材料的耐蚀性

用电化学方法和浸泡试验研究了SiC颗粒粒度和体积分数对SiCp/ 2 0 2 4Al铝基复合材料在 3.5 %NaCl水溶液中耐蚀性的影响 ,作为比较对 2 0 2 4Al的耐蚀性也进行了研究。结果表明 ,与基体相比 ,SiCp/ 2 0 2 4Al复合材料并不增加点蚀敏感性 ,其抗蚀性与SiC体积分数和粒度有关 ,SiC颗粒体积分数低或粒度高的复合材料 ,其抗蚀性往往大。     

Influence of SiO2 nano-particles on microstructures and properties of Ni-W-P/CeO2-SiO2 composites prepared by pulse electrodeposition

Ni-W-P base composites containing CeO2 and SiO2 nano-particles were prepared on common carbon steel surface by pulse co-deposition of Ni, W, P, CeO2 and SiO2 nano-particles. The influence of SiO2 concentrations in bath on microstructures and properties of Ni-W-P/CeO2-SiO2 composites was studied, and the characteristics were assessed by chemical compositions, element distribution, surface morphologies, deposition rate and microhardness. The results indicate that when SiO2 concentration in bath is controlled at 20 g/L, the composites possess the fastest deposition rate, the highest microhardness, compact microstructures, smaller crystallite sizes and uniform distribution of W, P, Ce and Si within Ni-W-P matrix metal. Increasing SiO2 concentration in bath from 10 to 20 g/L leads to the refinement in grain size and the inhomogeneity of microstructures. While when SiO2 concentration is increased to 30 g/L, the crystallite sizes increase again and some bosses with nodulation shape appear on the surface of composites.     

SiCp/Al复合材料化学镀镍耐蚀性研究

利用交流阻抗技术和极化曲线,研究了SiCp/Al复合材料基体上高磷(w(P)=10.698%)和中磷(w(P)=6.056%)两种化学镀镍层在w(NaCl)=3.5%的NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,并通过扫描电子显微镜观察了镀层的腐蚀形貌。结果表明,在w(NaCl)=3.5%NaCl溶液中,以饱和甘汞电极为参比电极,高磷镀层自腐蚀电位为-0.641 V,电荷转移电阻为12.49Ω;中磷镀层自腐蚀电位为-0.879 V,电荷转移电阻为8.11Ω;高磷镀层的耐蚀性优于中磷镀层;两种镀层发生了不同程度的孔蚀。结合正交试验结果及有关文献,确定了SiCp/Al复合材料高磷化学镀镍工艺,并提出了改善镀层耐蚀性的几种途径。