面向敏捷制造的可制造性评价和合作伙伴选择研究

根据敏捷制造环境下可制造性评价和合作伙伴选择的内在联系，提出了一种面向敏捷制造的可制造性评价和合作伙伴并行选择方法，该方法将可制造性评价和合作伙伴选择集成起来，使产品开发组根据合作伙伴的制造能力来评价设计的可制造性，并由产品开发组来选择最佳合作伙伴，优化设计的同时也改善了与合作伙伴之间的合作关系。     

敏捷制造的盟员选择策略研究

提出一种实现敏捷制造的盟员选择策略。将成组技术应用于敏捷制造,建立了新颖的产品和制造资源模型。通过２种产品评价方法－－变异式评价方法和创成式评价方法,利用层次分析方法,实现多规则盟员选择,最终形成敏捷制造企业。     

工程车辆制造企业供应商管理存在问题的原因分析及解决建议

本文根据工程车辆制造企业现状的分析,也进一步提出了供应商选择中的几点注意事项：包括重视工程车辆产品的质量、结合自身需求合理选择供应商类型等。工程车辆制造企业在保证质量的前提下,评价和选择合适的供应商,并且与供应商建立良好的合作伙伴关系,对于降低工程车辆企业采购成本,促进工程车辆企业的发展具有重大的意义。     

敏捷制造动态联盟盟员的重组优化方法

面向制造企业提出一种敏捷制造动态联盟盟员的重组优化方法，它克服了传统模糊评价方法评价趋于均匀化，易造成决策困难的缺点。     

基于改进型QFD和正交试验混合方法的供应商选择鲁棒性研究

供应商选择问题是供应链优化管理的关键步骤,直接关系到企业的核心竞争力。基于传统制造企业在供应商选择时不能结合供应链中客户需求的现状,通过分析影响供应商选择的评价指标,提出了一种基于改进型QFD和正交试验混合方法的制造企业供应商选择模型,该模型对QFD方法的主要工具———质量屋从内容和形式上进行了重构,并利用正交试验设计中的信噪比分析客户需求与各评价指标之间的评分,使被选择的供应商具有令客户满意的鲁棒性能,以此更好地应对供应链中的各种不确定性。最后结合实例进行实证分析,证明此模型实用可行。     

面向合作制造的产品可制造性模糊评价研究

分析合作制造中的产品可制造性评价问题,从企业角度考察产品的价值性和技术可行性,以期对产品设计起指导作用,从客户角度考察制造资源约束对产品可制造性的影响,便于企业找出资源差距,优化资源配置,建立面向合作制造的可制造性综合评价指标体系,并给出指标体系的空间坐标;基于Choquet积分,给出定性问题三角模糊数处理,定量问题无量纲预处理的模糊综合评价方法.最后通过某车床进给箱的可制造性评价,验证了该评价方法的可行性.     

在敏捷制造中基于成组技术的相似零件的获取方法

敏捷制造技术被认为是２１ 世纪的制造战略。它充分发挥敏捷制造企业内各盟员的优势,对市场作出快速反应。敏捷制造企业要解决的主要问题是如何选择盟员。本文提出了用成组技术（ Ｇ Ｔ）表达产品设计,利用产品间的相似性,通过单关联聚类算法搜索候选盟员的产品数据库,找到最相似的产品,最后组成敏捷制造企业的方法。     

产品可制造性逐步评价方法

提出一种面向并行工程的产品可制造性逐步评价方法,其评价对象可以是产品详细设计阶段的不完整的特征模型,因而可在设计过程中的任一时刻进行可制造性评价。为了保证评价方法的连贯性和评价速度,仅对前一次评价之后可能产生新的可制造性问题的特征进行评价。对产品设计过程中的特征的改变状态进行了研究,提出在产品设计过程中确定特征之间可制造性影响关系的方法,并通过影响关系找出确需进行评价的特征集合,然后采用基于规则的方法来评价特征的可制造性。     

基于物元分析的产业链协同联盟盟员评价与优选模型

利用物元分析理论研究了产业链协同联盟盟员评价与优选问题,并对该问题进行了形式化描述。建立了基于物元分析的产业链协同联盟盟员优选与评价模型。该模型将评价指标的不可共度性及矛盾性转换为相容问题,利用关联函数和贴近度函数进行综合评价。基于可拓理论,将产业链协同联盟盟员评价结果分为正域、负域及可拓域。提出了基于物元分析的二阶段产业链协同联盟盟员企业优选与评价算法。最后,以汽车经销商为例,证明了该方法的有效性。     

面向制造的曲面设计系统

为了支持面向制造的曲面设计,提出了一个基于计算机辅助设计／计算机辅助制造系统的嵌人式计算平台,该计算平台主要包括约束信息建模和可制造性分析2个功能模块。通过对曲面可制造性判据的抽象,建立了应用信息模型,用于从曲面几何形状中提取制造约束信息。应用于曲面加工问题,给出了根据约束信息计算可行刀具方向的具体方法。面向模具零件分型曲面的设计,建立了可制造性分析工具。针对一个雕塑曲面零件设计实例,通过对模具分型方向和加工约束进行分析,给出了可行的分型曲面设计结果,验证了所提出的曲面可制造性分析方法的可行性。     

行业性电子商务平台下的供应商选择问题研究

电子商务平台与单一企业环境下的供应商选择问题,在特点和应用上有很大差异。本文通过对行业性电子商务平台的分析,研究了在其环境下的供应商选择问题。针对其“多交易信息,少生产数据”的特点,在AHP核心选择算法的基础上增加采购习惯积累和供应商协同评价等分系统,并且结合电子商务平台的特点,对供应商预选择算法进行了改造。研究了这一体系的关键技术,设计了一种行业性电子商务平台下的供应商选择决策支持系统,结合摩托车行业,实现了电子商务平台,并给出了在行业性电子商务平台进行供应商选择的一般方法。     

网络化制造环境下面向定单制造的供应链构建

阐述了在网络化制造环境下，定单驱动型企业构建供应链的步骤。提出考虑能力、时间约束的供应商选择评价方法，从网络化制造平台获取供应商数据信息，将这些信息作为供应链优化模型的输入，以实现交货期最短、成本最低的优化目标。     

The Applications of Flexible Manufacturing Technologies in Business Process Reengineering

Through radical redesign of business processes and systems, policies, and organizational structures, the business process reengineering (BPR) effort was initiated in the manufacturing industry to seek performance breakthroughs. This paper describes a novel approach to the BPR, which applies flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs) design and analysis technologies, such as simulation, multicriteria decision support, and artificial intelligence (AI). These technologies are integrated to design and analyze specific FMS models related to the proposed technical and managerial changes in an industrial case. First, the literature is reviewed to obtain an understanding of the BPR concept and the role of FMS design and analysis in BPR. Second, a decision-making support system is developed to illustrate how the FMS design and analysis would affect BPR. Finally, a summary of the integrated approach practice in industry and conclusions are presented. The paper shows that the key to a successful BPR approach is the identification and analysis of specific proposed models. It also demonstrates that the integrated approach enables engineers to improve the efficiency of BPR.     

The most cost efficient automotive vendor with price uncertainty: A new DEA approach

Vendor’s performance evaluation is an important subject which has strategic implications for managing an efficient company. However, there are many important criteria for prospering company. These criteria may contradict together. In other words, while a criterion is improved, the other may worsen. Indeed, similar to manufacturing manager in global market, purchasing manager who has significant practical implications deals with this issue. The vendor selection problem (VSP) is obviously affected by the complexity and uncertainty due to the lack of information associated with related business environment of countries in a global market. On the other hand, in the automotive industry which plays an important role in the worldwide market, these decisions will be exacerbated by increasing the outsourcing and opportunities. There are varieties of techniques, from simple weighted scoring methods to complex mathematical programming, for handling VSP.In this study, we propose a new cost efficiency data envelopment analysis (CE–DEA) approach with price uncertainty for finding the most cost efficient unit. Potential uses are then illustrated with an application to automotive industry involving 73 vendors in Turkey.     

An integrated Concurrent Engineering Approach to the Design and Manufacture of Complex Components

This paper presents an integrated concurrent engineering (CE) approach to the design and manufacture of complex-shaped components. A virtual computer integrated manufacturing system for the approach was constructed with various commercial software packages. CE combined with information technology (IT) is used for the design and manufacture. The advantages and disadvantages of the software used were analysed. Pro/ENGINEER (Pro/E) software is used for the main role in the approach. The finite-element method (FEM) and optimisation tools are merged into the approach which is carried out in a Pro/MECHANICA and ANSYS environment. The integration approach is from the conceptual design to the end of manufacturing. The use of a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) was integrated in the approach. In order to evaluate the approach the development of a scroll compressor was taken as a case study. The authors have used Visual C ++ programming to create CAD software for the conceptual design of the scroll compressor. A trial has been implemented on a CNC machining centre and a real orbiting scroll part was made. The authors analysed the results and sequencing problems during the implementation. The paper concludes with a discussion of the potential of the approach in mechanical product design.     

Linear approach for solving a piecewise linear vendor selection problem of quantity discounts using lexicographic method

The multi-objective problem pertaining to vendor selection becomes complicated with the inclusion of a discount pricing schedule due to its nature of piecewise linearity. To overcome the difficulty of solving such a piecewise linear multi-objective problem, a linear approach is described in this paper. The use of the lexicographic method enables the decision-maker to establish the limit for defective components and late deliveries as constraints in the model. Demand can be exactly met considering the defective components present in the supply. Applying this approach to a manufacturing firm has proved its practicality. Also, the proposed methodology can be effectively used in JIT/Lean supply environments by fixing the number of vendors .     

Retrieval of machining information from feature patterns using artificial neural networks

The integration of design and manufacturing has been the subject of much debate and discussion over a long period of time. Recognition of feature patterns and the retrieval of necessary machining information from those patterns play vital roles in this process of integration, as they facilitate the selection of the necessary manufacturing parameters required to transform the designed product into a final physical entity. Although the problem of recognising features from a solid model has been exclusively studied, most existing product models are expressed as engineering drawings. Moreover, the solid model can only provide complete 3D topological and geometrical data and some of the essential machining information cannot be retrieved. In this paper, an approach for defining engineering features, like slots, steps and circular pockets is proposed using binary strings. Two artificial neural networks, one for slots and steps and the other for circular pockets, are designed and developed. These neural networks take the binary strings as inputs and give the relevant machining information as outputs. The networks are trained with non-interacting features and after training, those will become capable of providing the necessary machining information for both non-interacting and interacting features in the domains of slots, steps and circular pockets. This novel approach can further be extended to other features for retrieving relevant machining information and thus facilitating the effective integration of design and manufacturing.     

Manufacturing environment-oriented robust tolerance optimization method

Tolerance design has a great impact on the cost and quality of a product. Previous research focused on process tolerances or robust tolerance design with little consideration on real manufacturing context. This paper presents a nonlinear method for robust tolerance design based on the real manufacturing context in three stages. The objective function to be minimized is the total manufacturing cost. The constraint equations for the optimization model are also deduced, which select suitable manufacturing processes based on the manufacturing environment. Simulation annealing (SA) is used for the nonlinear optimization. The approach is finally illustrated by a practical example. The results of the comparison with different models indicate that the proposed approach is more effective with the manufacturing resource. The robust and reliable tolerance can be obtained.     

Coloured adaptive structured petri-net a tool for the automatic synthesis of hierarchical control of flexible manufacturing systems

Based on the authors' last results concerning a methodological approach for the analysis and the synthesis of flexible cells in manufacturing, this paper presents some basic ideas on which the authors are currently working for the automatic design of hierarchical control of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS). The approach is based both on the use of coloured adaptive structured Petri-nets (in order to describe the scheduling of manufacturing tasks) and artificial intelligence concepts to design such a net and to describe metarules for the control strategy. The paper is in two parts.     

Dimensional and geometrical tolerance balancing in concurrent design

In conventional design, tolerancing is divided into two separated sequential stages, i.e., product tolerancing and process tolerancing. In product tolerancing stage, the assembly functional tolerances are allocated to BP component tolerances. In the process tolerancing stage, the obtained BP tolerances are further allocated to the process tolerances in terms of the given process planning. As a result, tolerance design often results in conflict and redesign. An optimal design methodology for both dimensional and geometrical tolerances (DGTs) is presented and validated in a concurrent design environment. We directly allocate the required functional assembly DGTs to the pertinent process DGTs by using the given process planning of the related components. Geometrical tolerances are treated as the equivalent bilateral dimensional tolerances or the additional tolerance constraints according to their functional roles and engineering semantics in manufacturing. When the process sequences of the related components have been determined in the assembly structure design stage, we formulate the concurrent tolerance chains to express the relations between the assembly DGTs and the related component process DGTs by using the integrated tolerance charts. Concurrent tolerancing which simultaneously optimizes the process tolerance based on the constraints of concurrent DGTs and the process accuracy is implemented by a linear programming approach. In the optimization model the objective is to maximize the total weight process DGTs while weight factor is used to evaluate the different manufacturing costs between different means of manufacturing operations corresponding to the same tolerance value. Economical tolerance bounds of related operations are given as constraints. Finally, an example is included to demonstrate the proposed methodology.