凝胶注模制备氧化铝多孔陶瓷及性能研究

本文采用凝胶注模结合发泡法制备了氧化铝多孔陶瓷.借助NDJ-1型旋转式粘度计、压汞仪、SEM等表征方法,研究了固相含量、pH值对浆料粘度的影响、以及多孔氧化铝陶瓷的孔径分布和断口形貌.在1650 ℃下烧成,制备出了体积密度在1.32～1.82 g/cm3、气孔率在54～67%、耐压强度在19.7～42.9 MPa之间的多孔氧化铝陶瓷.凝胶注模结合发泡法可以制备出性能优异的氧化铝多孔陶瓷.     

凝胶注模成型碳化硅陶瓷的烧结和性能

研究了用La2O3:Y2O3=4:1作SiC陶瓷的烧结助剂，同时添加Al2O3改变液相的性质，研究发现；该添加剂系统能有效地降低碳化硅陶瓷的烧结温度，Al2O3的引入提高了液相与碳化硅颗粒的反应性，增加了液相对碳化硅颗粒的润湿性，从而对促进碳化硅的烧结十分有利，烧结温度为1850℃，Al2O3:La2O3:Y2O3=4:4.8:1.2(摩尔）时烧结的碳化硅陶瓷具有最佳性能。     

琼脂糖凝胶注模成型制备氧化铝陶瓷的研究

本文利用琼脂糖做凝胶剂,对凝胶注模成型所需的水性无毒氧化铝陶瓷浆料进行了正交实验,分析了各因素对凝胶注模成型浆料制备的影响,经实验确定了形成较好琼脂糖凝胶注模成型的技术条件,所得陶瓷坯体具有较高的强度和较好的表面质量。     

氧化铝凝胶注模成型的工艺研究

以α-Al2O3为主要原料,外加单体丙烯酰胺,水溶性高分子聚乙烯醇.引发剂过硫酸铵.催化剂四甲基乙二胺,分散剂羧甲基纤维素,助烧剂氧化镁、二氧化钛、长石粉,消泡剂无水乙醇等,采用凝胶注模成型工艺,制备出了抗折强度为2.202MPa,体积密度为1.764g/cm3且均匀性好的陶瓷坯体.通过对凝胶注模成型后坯体的体积密度和抗折强度的测定,探讨了工艺参数对坯体成型的影响规律.     

凝胶注模法制备多孔氧化铝陶瓷的研究

采用凝胶注模和加造孔剂的工艺,用甲基丙烯酸—羟乙酯(HEMA)取代丙烯酰胺(AM)作为单体,用十二烷基硫酸钠作为造孔剂,将样品于1600℃下保温2小时烧结,成功制备出了气孔率为80%的结构均匀的氧化铝多孔陶瓷。     

BaTiO3基PTC陶瓷凝胶注模成型

本文研究了BaTiO3基PTC陶瓷的凝胶注模成型工艺,包括浆料的制备,交联剂的用量,引发剂和催化剂用量及环境温度对可操作时间的影响规律等方面;考察了凝胶注模成型陶瓷的PTC性能。     

泡沫凝胶注模成型工艺在多孔氧化铝陶瓷制备中的应用研究

本文介绍了泡沫凝胶注模成型工艺,研究了分散剂、固相含量等工艺参数对浆料粘度的影响,研究得出浆料中固相含量为55%时,以PMAANa为分散剂,可获得100 mPa·S低粘度高固相的陶瓷浓悬浮液;同时还研究了引发剂对凝胶固化反应的影响,实验结果表明引发剂在0.3~0.4%时聚合时间较适宜;重点探讨了发泡剂、固相含量、引发剂等对多孔氧化铝陶瓷性能的影响。     

凝胶注模成型法制备多孔陶瓷的研究进展

凝胶注模成型法因可生产准净近尺寸、形状复杂的大尺寸陶瓷制品,且成型后的生坯具有整体均匀性好、缺陷少、强度高等优点被广泛应用于多孔陶瓷的制备.本文在阐述凝胶注模成型技术基本原理和工艺过程的基础上,重点综述了凝胶注模成型法制备多孔陶瓷的研究进展,最后就多孔陶瓷的制备及研究现状,分析凝胶注模成型法制备多孔陶瓷所存在的问题及其...     

凝胶注模成型制备大尺寸臭氧发生器陶瓷基板

讨论了用凝胶注模成型制备大尺寸臭氧发生器陶瓷基板的过程。本实验以化学式为Ba（Sm，Nd）2Ti5O14的介电陶瓷为固相粉末．以丙烯酰胺（MBAM）为凝胶有机单体，用传统球磨的方法制备出了高固相、低粘度的陶瓷浆料（浓悬浮体）。分析了凝胶注模成型与干压成型制备的Ba（Sm，Nd）2Ti5O14陶瓷基板的体积密度、结构均匀性以及电学性能不同的原因。结果表明：凝胶注模成型制备的Ba（Sm，Nd）2Ti5O14陶瓷基板具有体积密度商、结构均匀的特点。合理使用凝胶注模成型工艺可以提高陶瓷介电常数、抗电强度和降低介质损耗。     

高压陶瓷电容器凝胶注模成型研究

凝胶注模成型是九十年代初发明的一种新型成型技术.它是传统陶瓷工艺和高分子化学结合的产物.这种方法具有素坯密度高、密度均匀、强度大,可成型复杂形状近净尺寸的大型陶瓷制品等特点,应用前景十分广阔.本文报告了高压陶瓷电容器凝胶注模成型研究结果.     

Processing and properties of silica-bonded porous nano-SiC ceramics with extremely low thermal conductivity

Silica-bonded porous nano-SiC ceramics with extremely low thermal conductivity were prepared by sintering nano-SiC powder-carbon black template compacts at 600–1200 °C for 2 h in air. The microstructure of the silica-bonded porous nano-SiC ceramics consisted of SiC core/silica shell particles, a silica bonding phase, and hierarchical (meso/macro) pores. The porosity and thermal conductivity of the silica-bonded porous nano-SiC ceramics can be controlled in the ranges of 8.5–70.2 % and 0.057–2.575 Wm⁻¹ K⁻¹, respectively, by adjusting both, the sintering temperature and template content. Silica-bonded porous nano-SiC ceramics with extremely low thermal conductivity (0.057 Wm⁻¹ K⁻¹) were developed at a very low processing temperature (600 °C). The typical porosity, average pore size, compressive strength, and specific compressive strength of the porous nano-SiC ceramics were ∼70 %, 50 nm, 2.5 MPa, and 2.7 MPa·cm³/g, respectively. The silica-bonded porous nano-SiC ceramics were thermally stable up to 1000 °C in both air and argon atmospheres.     

Preparation of calcium hexaluminate porous ceramics by gel-casting method with polymethyl methacrylate as pore-forming agent

Calcium hexaluminate (CA₆) porous ceramics were prepared by gel-casting method, with α-Al₂O₃ and CaCO₃ as raw materials and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) microspheres as pore-forming agent. The effects of the amount of pore-forming agent PMMA microspheres on the phase composition, bulk density, apparent porosity, flexural strength, microstructure, thermal shock stability and thermal conductivity of CA₆ porous ceramics were systematically studied. The pores of CA₆ porous ceramics are mainly formed by the burning loss of PMMA microspheres and the decomposition of organic matter. Adding an appropriate amount of PMMA microspheres as pore-forming agent has a positive effect on the thermal shock stability of CA₆ porous ceramics. When the amount of pore-forming agent is 15 wt%, the volume density of CA₆ porous ceramics is 1.33 g/cm³, the porosity is 63%, the flexural strength is 13.9 MPa, the thermal shock times can reach 9 times, and the thermal conductivity is 0.293 W/(m·K), which can meet the application in refractory, ceramics or high temperature cement industries.     

A novel and green preparation of porous forsterite ceramics with excellent thermal isolation properties

This work provides a novel and green approach to preparing porous forsterite ceramics by a transient liquid phase diffusion process based on fused magnesia and quartz powders without detrimental additives. The size of quartz particles markedly affected the sintering behaviors, phase composition, microstructure and properties of the porous forsterite ceramics. Fine quartz particles (D₅₀, 3.87?µm) accelerated the rate of the forsterite formation at elevated temperatures and promoted solid-state sintering behavior of the porous ceramics. Conversely, coarse quartz particles (D₅₀, 25.38?µm) reduced the rate of the solid state reaction and a large amount of unreacted SiO₂ and enstatite (MgSiO₃) phases transformed into a transient liquid-phase during the firing process. This effect resulted in a high porosity (approximately 58.89%) and formation of many large pores (mean pore size of 42.36?µm). These features contributed to the excellent thermal isolation properties of the prepared porous forsterite ceramics. The strength of the obtained porous ceramics (about 23.6?MPa) is relatively high compared with those of conventional ceramics.     

Fabrication of porous fibrous alumina ceramics by direct coagulation casting combined with 3D printing

A novel forming method for preparing porous alumina ceramics using alumina fibers as raw materials by direct coagulation casting (DCC) combined with 3D printing was proposed. Porous fibrous alumina ceramics were fabricated through temperature induced coagulation of aqueous-based DCC process using sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) as dispersant and adding K₂SO₄ as removable sintering additives. The sacrificial coated sand molds was fabricated by 3D printing technology, followed by the infiltration of silica sol solution for the subsequent suspension casting. Stable alumina suspension of 40 vol% solid loading was obtained by adding 2.0 wt% STPP and 40 wt% K₂SO₄. The controlled coagulation of the suspension could be realized after heating at 90 °C for about 35 min. The ceramic sample sintered at 1450 °C for 2 h showed the highest compressive strength of 24.33 MPa with porosity of 57.38%. All samples sintered at 1300–1450 °C had uniform pore size distributions with average pore size of 7.2 µm, which indicated the good structure stability when sintered at high temperature.     

Investigating the effect of SPRM on mechanical strength and thermal conductivity of highly porous alumina ceramics

For recycling waste refractory materials in metallurgical industry, porous alumina ceramics were prepared via pore forming agent method from α-Al₂O₃ powder and slide plate renewable material. Effects of slide plate renewable material (SPRM) on densification, mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, phase composition and microstructure of the porous alumina ceramics were investigated. The results showed that SPRM effectively affected physical and thermal properties of the porous ceramics. With the increase of SPRM, apparent porosity of the ceramic materials firstly increased and then decreased, which brought an opposite change for the bulk density and thermal conductivity values, whereas the bending strength didn’t decrease obviously. The optimum sample A2 with 50 wt% SPRM introducing sintered at 1500 °C obtained the best properties. The water absorption, apparent porosity, bulk density, bending strength and thermal conductivity of the sample were 31.7%, 62.8%, 1.71 g/cm³, 47.1 ± 3.7 MPa and 1.73 W/m K, respectively. XRD analysis indicated that a small quantity of silicon carbide and graphite in SPRM have been oxidized to SiO₂ during the firing process, resulting in rising the porous microstructures. SEM micrographs illustrated that rod-like mullite grains combined with plate-like corundum grains to endow the samples with high bending strength. This study was intended to confirm the preparation of porous alumina ceramics with high porosity, good mechanical properties and low thermal conductivity by using SPRM as pore forming additive.     

Heat transfer in high porous alumina: Experimental data interpretation by different modelling approaches

Advanced porous ceramics are a remarkable class of materials with important applications in engineering fields. Porosity features have received wide attention for their capability to influence all properties. In this paper, the correlation between pore structure and heat transfer has been studied. Different analytical procedures found in literature as well as an Intermingled Fractal Units’ model are proposed. Models predictions are compared with experimental data. It has been observed that IFU is particularly suitable to predict thermal conductivity values very close to experimental ones. This fact is related to its capability to replicate porous microstructures in terms of pore volume fraction, pore size range and pore size distribution.     

Mechanical strength and damage tolerance of highly porous alumina ceramics produced from sintered particle stabilized foams

Highly porous alumina particle stabilized foams were prepared by combining the concepts of particle stabilized foams and gelcasting, using sulfonate surfactants and poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) as the gelcasting polymer. The ceramic samples sintered at 1500 °C for 2 h had porosities from 65% to 93%, with pore sizes in two categories: “big pore” around 300 μm and “small pore”, around 100–150 μm, depending on the type and amount of surfactant added. The mechanical behaviour of the foams (axial and diametral compression) depended on the overall porosity and pore size. On average, tensile and compressive strengths around 5 and 16 MPa respectively were measured for samples with bigger pore sizes and larger porosities. Samples with smaller pore sizes and lower porosities produced average values of 12 and 57 MPa for tensile and compressive strengths, respectively. The elastic modulus reached a maximum around 3GPa for “small pore” size samples. The effect of increasing amount of PVA in the samples had a strong effect on the green mechanical strength, but it did not significantly affect the mechanical response of the sintered alumina foams. Large and complex shape sintered components produced using this route showed a remarkable damage tolerance, due to crack tip blunting.     

Preparation and properties of porous mullite-based ceramics fabricated by solid state reaction

In this study, the effect of the alumina particle size on the formation of mullite using a silica gel powder and micro- and nano-scale Al₂O₃ powders as raw materials was investigated. The optimized Al₂O₃ source was then reacted with the silica gel to prepare porous mullite-based ceramics. The results revealed that the highly reactive nano-Al₂O₃ powder could form mullite at a relatively low firing temperature. Therefore, the nano-Al₂O₃ powder was used to prepare porous mullite-based ceramics by firing at 1600 °C, 1650 °C and 1700 °C. The pore size of the prepared porous mullite-based ceramics ranges from tens to hundreds of micrometres, with the apparent porosity being 42.8–58.0%. Further, the mullite content in the samples increased with increasing firing temperature, and a higher firing temperature promoted sintering, resulting in improved strength of the sample. After calcination at 1700 °C, the mullite content in the sample reached 81.8%, and the sample showed excellent thermal shock resistance. The strengths of the samples before and after thermal shock were found to be 23.6 and 15.58 MPa, with the residual strength ratio being 66%.     

Porous alumina ceramics with enhanced mechanical and thermal insulation properties based on sol-treated rice husk

To improve the properties of porous alumina ceramics, which were typically prepared by adding pore-forming agents, rice husk (RH) as pore-forming agent was pretreated with zirconia sol. The effects of sol-treatment on the thermal conductivity and compressive strength of the resultant ceramics were characterized. Furthermore, the pore size distribution, pore shape, microstructure, and phase evolution also were studied. The results showed that the RH pretreatment optimizes the microstructure of the ceramic pores. Moreover, complete morph-genetic RH is clearly observed in the pores, which is established as a key factor in improving the properties of the resultant ceramic. The thermal insulation properties are determined to significantly improve, although the thermal conductivity increases slightly with the increment of zirconia sol concentration from 5 to 10?wt%. Meanwhile, after sintering at 1550?°C, the compressive strength is significantly greater for the specimen prepared with 10?wt% zirconia sol-treated RH (65.56?MPa) than that with untreated RH (43.37?MPa). Hence, it was demonstrated that the use of zirconia sol-pretreated RH as a pore-forming agent could enhance the mechanical and thermal insulation properties of porous alumina ceramics.     

Effects of porosity on electrical and thermal conductivities of porous SiC ceramics

The effects of porosity on the electrical and thermal conductivities of porous SiC ceramics, containing Y₂O₃–AlN additives, were investigated. The porosity of the porous SiC ceramic could be controlled in the range of 28–64 % by adjusting the sacrificial template (polymer microbead) content (0–30 wt%) and sintering temperature (1800–2000 °C). Both electrical and thermal conductivities of the porous SiC ceramics decreased, from 7.7 to 1.7 Ω⁻¹ cm⁻¹ and from 37.9 to 5.8 W/(m·K), respectively, with the increase in porosity from 30 to 63 %. The porous SiC ceramic with a coarser microstructure exhibited higher electrical and thermal conductivities than those of the ceramic with a finer microstructure at the equivalent porosity because of the smaller number of grain boundaries per unit volume. The decoupling of the electrical conductivity from the thermal conductivity was possible to some extent by adjusting the sintering temperature, i.e., microstructure, of the porous SiC ceramic.