Forum on W,Sb,Sn and Zn policies

A forum was held recently in Beijing onChina's policies concerning tungsten, anti-mony, tin and zinc. Since China has ad-vantages in these metals resources in theworld and to improve China's export rev-enue from these metals, it is very impor-tant to strengthen export administrationand keep an orderly market.     

Effects of reward on intrinsic motivation—Negative, neutral, and positive: Comment on Deci, Koestner, and Ryan (1999).

Comments on the meta-analytic review by E. L. Deci et al (see record 1999-01567-001) concerning the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation. Meta-analyses indicated that rewards increase perceived self-determination and that rewards' effects on intrinsic motivation depend on the performance requirement. Reward for meeting vague performance standards reduced the subsequent choice to carry out the task and did not affect self-reported interest. Reward for meeting absolute performance standards did not affect free choice but increased self-reported interest. Reward for exceeding others increased both free choice and self-reported interest. Applied studies commonly found positive or null relationships between reward and intrinsic motivation. The findings suggest that reward procedures requiring ill-defined or minimal performance convey task triviality, thereby decreasing intrinsic motivation. Reward procedures requiring specific high task performance convey a task's personal or social significance, increasing intrinsic motivation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Toxic Effects of Lanthanum, Cerium, Chromium and Zinc on Potamogeton Malaianus

iththerapiddevelopmentofrareearthindustryandextensiveapplicationofrareearthinagriculture ,agreatmanyofrareearthelements (REEs)werere leasedintoenvironment ,especiallywaterenviron ment ,andtheconsequentseriousenvironmentpollu tionhasattractedpeople′satten…     

Nitric oxide(NO) decomposition on catalysts,containing oxides of lanthanum and cerium,supported on γ-alumina

The present work was devoted to study the catalytic activity of lanthanum and cerium oxides separately,deposited on g-alumina in the reaction of decomposition of nitric oxide. The catalyst samples were prepared by the method of impregnation of g-Al_2 O_3 using solutions, containing nitrates of lanthanum and cerium. The prepared samples were calcined for 4 h at temperature 650℃ in an oven in air atmosphere. The catalysts were characterized by: chemical analysis by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES), X-ray diffraction(XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS), electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR) and infrared(IR) spectroscopy, as well as measurement of the specific surface area. The results show that the catalysts based on lanthanum oxide and cerium oxide deposited on alumina display high catalytic activity over 60% conversion degree with respect to decomposition of nitric oxide in the absence of reducing agent. In the presence of reducer the activity reaches 90% conversion degree.     

Declaration on Cooperation Between Journal of Iron and Steel Research, International and Elsevier Limited

Recently, Journal of Iron and Steel Research , International has signed a cooperation agreement with Elsevier Limited, as one of the first twenty China's Journals which are participating the China Journal Cooperation Project (CJCP) of Elsevier. Elsevier will undertake the promotion, publication and distribution of the journal to the world via all electronic media. According to the agreement, started from Issue 1 of 2006, Journal of Iron and Steel Research , International will be liste…     

Declaration on Cooperation Between Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International and Elsevier Limited

Recently,Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International has signed a cooperation agreement with Elsevier Limited,as one of the first twenty China s Journals which are participating the China Journal Cooperation Project (CJCP) of Elsevier.Elsevier will undertake the promotion, publication and distribution of the journal to the world via all electronic media. According to the agreement,started from Issue 1 of 2006,Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International will be listed among t…     

Declaration on Cooperation Between Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International and Elsevier Li mited

Recently ,Journal of Iron and Steel Research,Internationalhas signed a coop-eration agreement with Elsevier Li mited ,as one of the first twenty China′s Jour-nals which are participating the China Journal Cooperation Project (CJCP) ofElsevier .Elsevier will undertake the promotion,publication and distribution ofthe journal to the world via all electronic media . According to the agreement ,started fromIssue 1 of 2006 ,Journal of Iron and Steel Research,Internationalwill be listed amo…     

Effect of La, Ce on Taxus Cuspidata Cell Growth, Biosynthesis and Release of Taxol

Ｔａｘｏｌ，ａｎａｔｕｒａｌｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｗｉｔｈｕｎｉｑｕｅａｎｔｉｃａｎｃｅｒａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙ，ｗａｓｆｉｒｓｔｌｙｓｅｐａｒａｔｅｄｂｙＷａｎｉｅｔａｌ．［１］ｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｂａｒｋｏｆＢａｘｕｓＢｒｅｖｉｆｏｌｉａｉｎｔｈｅ１９７０ｓ．Ｔａ...     

Rare Earths, Niobium and Tantalum Minerals in Bayan Obo Ore Deposit and Discussion on Their Genesis

Bayan Obo ore deposit is endowed with and lie hidden in the Proterozoic strata. The localities and occurfences of the minerals in the ore deposit were described. It is obviously that some minerals are strata minerals and some are post-strata minerals. The rare earths, niobium and tantalum minerals are exactly the post-strata minerals. In these minerals the hydrothermal metasomatic phenomena distinctly reveal their metallogenic characteristics. According to tectonic movement, magma activity, mineral paragenesis, hydrothermal metasomatism, geological age and lasting time-scale of metallogenesis, and some other factors, it is supposed that genesis of rare-earths, niobium and tantalum minerals in Bayan Obo ore deposit are closely related with hydrothermal metallogenic solution which is differentiated from silica acid and carbonic acid magma and derived from deep seated source, and then intruded into Proterozoic strata and metasomatized. It is recognized that the metallogenesis of Bayan Obo ore deposit is undergoing a long geological period and many episodes.     

Wetting of molten cerium on typical carbon materials(graphite,CVD-diamond and NWCNT) and molten Cu-Ce alloys on graphite at 950℃

A series of experiments were conducted to investigate the wettability of graphite plate,graphite paper,NWCNTs Buckypaper,CVD-diamond by molten Ce and graphite plate by Cu-Ce binary alloy using a modified sessile drop method at 950℃.The remarkable apparent equilibrium contact angles(graphite plate(0°) graphite paper(18°) CVD-diamond(24°) NWCNT(62°)) were obtained in the Ce/carbon system.When Ce concentration in Cu-Ce/graphite is above 20 at%,the wettability of graphite plate can be improved significantly.As a result,the dissolution of graphite into Ce makes infiltrated process proceeded easily due to the decrease of surface tension of liquid,which is different from Ce/graphite paper.In Ce/CVD diamond system,the dissolution of diamond layer and the decomposition reaction of WC lead to the good wettability.A relatively higher contact angle is caused by high stability of carbon wall in Ce/NWCNT system.The reaction product at interface and the decrease of surface tension due to surface tension-active character of Ce together induce the improved wettability.     

Reiteration on exports and foreign funds

The Chinese government has showed itsdetermination again in its continuous effortsto urge for more measures aimed at in-creasing exports and drawing foreign invest-ment.     

Wetting of molten cerium on typical carbon materials(graphite,CVD-diamond and NWCNT) and molten Cu-Ce alloys on graphite at 950℃

A series of experiments were conducted to investigate the wettability of graphite plate,graphite paper,NWCNTs Buckypaper,CVD-diamond by molten Ce and graphite plate by Cu-Ce binary alloy using a modified sessile drop method at 950℃.The remarkable apparent equilibrium contact angles(graphite plate(0°)相似文献   

A person-oriented perspective on sexual offenders, offending trajectories, and risk of recidivism: A new challenge for policymakers, risk assessors, and actuarial prediction?

Current risk assessment tools are embedded in a variable-oriented perspective and based on the assumption that the risk of reoffending is linear, additive, and relatively stable over time. As a result, actuarial instruments tend to overestimate the risk of violent/sexual recidivism for some sex offenders while underestimating this risk for others. One of the main causes of such predictive inaccuracies is the inability of current actuarial tools to account for the dynamic aspects of offending trajectories over time. Using a person-oriented approach, the current study examined the presence of offending trajectories in sex offenders using measures of offending at multiple time points in adulthood to examine the risk of violent/sexual reoffending. The study was based on a sample of 246 adult males convicted of a sexual offense between 1994 and 1998. Group-based modeling was used to identify offending trajectories, while Cox proportional hazard was used to examine the links between the identified trajectories and recidivism. Findings suggest that a sex crime is more reflective of a transitory phase of the criminal career rather than evidence of a “sexual criminal career” in the making. The findings challenge underlying assumptions of current actuarial tools and calls for a more sophisticated approach to risk assessment that accounts for offending patterns. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

China''''s production growth of tin,antimony,magnesium and indium over the past decade and the impact on the world market

The following comments are made byZhaowuzhuang,a senior industry analyst ofChina Nonferrous Metals Industry InformationCenter,which is a subsidiary of China Nonfer-rous Metals Industry Association(CNMIA).Hisreviews on the development of theses industriesof China over the past decade reminds us ofsome common mistakes made by the nonferrous     

Cognition, emotion, and the alcohol–aggression relationship: Comment on Giancola (2000).

P. R. Giancola's (see record 2000-02949-013) thesis that the alcohol-aggression relationship can be explained by alcohol-induced disruption of executive cognitive functions mediated by the prefrontal cortex is critically examined. At moderate doses, alcohol has been reported to increase aggression in animals as diverse as fish, rats, cats, monkeys, and humans. Although alcohol depresses prefrontal cortex activity and disrupts executive cognitive performance in humans, alcohol's anxiolytic actions, and its disinhibiting effects on subcortical structures implicated in anger and aggression, may be at least as important as the higher cognitive functions cited by Giancola in accounting for the alcohol-aggression relationship. Other drugs that alter prefrontal cortex activity have also been reported to influence aggressive responding in humans and other animals, and implications of this are briefly discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Influence of the substitution of Sm, Gd, and Dy for La in La_(0.7)Sr_(0.3)MnO_3 on its magnetic and electric properties and strengthening effect on room-temperature CMR

A series of La0.7–xSmxSr0.3MnO3, La0.7–xGdxSr0.3MnO3, and La0.7–xDyxSr0.3MnO3 (x=0.00, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30) samples were prepared by the solid-state reaction method. The influence of the substitution of Sm, Gd, and Dy for La on the magnetic and electric properties and on the magnetoresistance (MR) was studied through measurements of M-T curves and ρ-T curves. The results showed that: lattice distortion in-duced by substitution of Sm, Gd, and Dy for La and extra magnetism of substitution had great influence on the magnetic and electric proper-ties of perovskite manganites; substitution of magnetic rare earth element for La was an effective way to change Curie temperature and to strengthen MR in perovskite manganites; and appropriate substitution proportion would generate large MR near room temperature.     

Hexagonal yttrium manganite:A review on synthesis methods,physical properties and applications

Hexagonal rare-earth manganites have attracted considerable interest due to their complex multiferroic properties,and they possess a spontaneous electric polarization and may be utilized in various technological applications ranging from solar cells to non-volatile memories and light polarizers.The narrow bandgap of hexagonal rare-earth manganite-based compounds can perform remarkable optical anisotropy properties,which make these very efficient photovoltaic materials in parallel with the widely...     

Effect of Lanthanum on Nitrification, Phosphorus Transformation and Phenol Decomposition in Red Soil

The effect of La on nitrification, P transformation and phenol decomposition in red soil was studied by incubation and pot culture experiments. La at low concentration has stimulative effect on soil nitrification and P transformation while its high concentration has inhibitory effects, and the inhibition is strengthened with increasing concentration of La. La has strongly inhibitory effect on soil phenol decomposition and the inhibition is strengthened with increasing concentration of La. When the incubation time is prolonged, the inhibitory effect of La on soil nitrification and phenol decomposition tends to decrease.     

Influence of Billet Size on Flow, Solidification and Solute Transport in Continuous Casting

ListofSymbol　　B———Buoyancy ,m·s- 2 ;　　c———Concentrationofsoluteelement ;　　Cμ———Turbulentconstant;　　D———Diffusivityofsoluteelement ,m2 ·s- 1 ;　　fl,fs———Liquidandsolidfraction ;　　fμ———Turbulentcoefficient ;　　h———Enthalpy ,J·kg- 1 ;　　k———Turbulentkineticenergy ,m2 ·s- 2 ;　　kp———Equilibriumpartitioncoefficient;　　Kp———Permeabilityofmushyzone ,m2 ;　　K0 ———Permeabilitycoefficient;　　p———Pressure ,Pa ;　　Pr———Prandtlnumber ;…