共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
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为探究荸荠表面泥土中拮抗微生物的作用,以大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌作为筛选测试菌株,对泥土中的拮抗细菌进行分离,采用菌体形态、生理生化特征及16S rDNA基因序列分析对筛选菌株进行鉴定,并考察其发酵滤液对荸荠表面微生物的影响。结果表明,从带泥荸荠表面泥土中分离出2株拮抗细菌WB22、WB39,经鉴定其分别为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)和弯曲假单胞菌(Pseudomonas geniculata)。2株细菌发酵滤液对荸荠表面的细菌、酵母菌和霉菌数均有一定的抑制作用。其中,B.amyloliquefaciens对细菌、酵母菌、霉菌的抑菌率分别为17.42%、9.05%和13.74%,且对球菌的抑制作用强于杆菌,对G+菌的抑制作用强于G-菌。而P.geniculata对细菌、酵母菌、霉菌的抑菌率分别为20.29%、4.64%和16.14%,对球菌和杆菌、G+菌和G-菌均具有较强的抑制作用。本研究为今后荸荠生物贮藏保鲜技术的开发提供一定的理论依据。 相似文献
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通过对绿衣观音土曲中微生物总数进行平板计数以及相关酶类进行跟踪检测,并结合分子生物学方法对分离获得的菌株进行鉴定,分析绿衣观音土曲培养过程中微生物及相关酶类的变化规律。结果表明,观音土曲培养过程中细菌数量最多,霉菌最少。酵母数量呈逐步上升趋势,培养后期数量达到峰值;细菌数量先上升后下降,在培养中期数量达到峰值;霉菌数量在培养后期最多。共分离鉴定出酵母8种、霉菌7种、好氧细菌7种和乳酸菌5种,酵母分别是酿酒酵母、异常威克汉姆酵母、库德里阿兹威毕赤酵母和扣囊复膜酵母等;霉菌主要为曲霉属、米根霉和毛霉等;细菌以芽孢杆菌和乳杆菌为主。糖化酶酶活最高,其次为淀粉酶,酸性蛋白酶酶活最低,3种酶活力均呈先下降后上升的趋势。 相似文献
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通过对发生腐败变质的真空包装年糕中微生物进行分离、纯化和反证得到2株细菌、3株酵母菌、1株霉菌。经过形态观察、生理生化、微生物鉴定系统等方法,初步鉴定2株细菌分属于枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter sp.),3株酵母菌都属于假丝酵母属(Candida spp.),1株霉菌属于构巢曲霉(Aspergillus nidulans)。 相似文献
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在贮存过程中微生物的种类和数量对普洱茶的品质有很大影响。本实验用4种不同的选择性培养基对一款10年陈熟普洱茶中的微生物进行选择性培养和计数;不同的微生物菌落被分离,并用显微镜进行形态观察和初步鉴定,根据细菌的16S rRNA进行分类。结果表明:该款普洱茶的细菌总数为4.3×103CFU/g;霉菌数约为20CFU/g,未发现该普洱茶中存在酵母和放线菌;根据菌落形态分离到的7株细菌都是革兰氏阳性菌,分别属于5个种,即枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis) 2株、解淀粉芽孢杆菌(B. amyloliquefaciens) 1株、地衣芽孢杆菌(B. Licheniformis) 2株、嗜热芽孢杆菌(B. sporothermodurans) 1株和 B. shackletonii 1株;用显微镜进行的形态观察鉴定只分离到两种霉菌,即黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)和产黄青霉(Penicillium chrysogenum)。 相似文献
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Garijo P Santamaría P López R Sanz S Olarte C Gutiérrez AR 《International journal of food microbiology》2008,125(2):141-145
This research studies the presence of microorganisms of enological interest (yeasts, bacteria and molds) and their evolution in the air of a wine cellar. The samples were taken throughout the winemaking campaign (September-December) in a winery of the D.O.Ca. Rioja, Spain. They were collected using an airIDEAL atmosphere sampler from Biomerieux. For the isolation, specific selective media were used for each group of microorganisms. The results obtained indicate that the presence in the winery air of the various different microorganisms studied is directly related to the winemaking processes that are taking place in the winery. Thus, the number of molds present decreases once grapes have ceased to be brought into the winery. The maximum number of yeasts in the air is found when all the vats in the cellar are fermenting, while the lactic bacteria are not detected until the first malolactic fermentation begins. The species of yeasts and molds identified are also related to the winemaking processes. The coincidence of strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae among those present in the vats during alcoholic fermentation and those isolated from the air, confirms the role of the latter as a transmitter of microorganisms. 相似文献
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四川郫县辣椒酱多采用热处理控制微生物生长以延长货架期,但热处理后残留微生物仍会导致辣椒酱腐败。辣椒酱经80℃、30min热处理后室温贮藏120d期间检测其中菌落总数、大肠菌群、霉菌和酵母数,分别采用16S rDNA和ITS序列鉴定分离的细菌和真菌菌株,并运用PCR-DGGE法分析贮藏终点辣椒酱中细菌群落结构。结果表明:热处理后辣椒酱中微生物减少了90%以上,残留微生物主要为芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.),在贮藏期内微生物数量则呈先上升后下降的趋势;PCR-DGGE检测发现贮藏终点辣椒酱中主要残留细菌为乳酸菌(Pediococcus sp.和Lactobacillus sp.)和蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)。因此,热处理可使辣椒酱中部分微生物致死、亚致死或转为“存活但非可培养” (viable but non-culturable,VBNC)状态,但残留的芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.)和乳酸菌可能导致辣椒酱的腐败。有效控制芽孢杆菌将是延长辣椒酱货架期的关键因素。 相似文献
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Total numbers of aerobic microorganisms, Gram negative bacteria, Clostridium perfringens, coagulase positive staphylococci, and yeasts and molds were monitored during storage of segments of bovine hides. The preservatives tested were acetic acid, formic acid, and potassium sorbate. Potassium sorbate at any concentration tested did not control adequately any group of microorganisms monitored. Acetic and formic acids at all concentrations tested, significantly inhibited growth of all groups of microorganisms. At the highest concentration tested (0.67M) not only did the formic acid inhibit growth of microogramisms, but it had a lethal effect on all groups monitored except yeasts and molds. Formic acid was a better preservative than acetic acid. Neither formic nor acetic acid inhibited growth of yeasts and molds to the same extent as the other groups monitored. 相似文献
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掌握辣椒制品大肠杆菌O157及志贺氏菌的污染状况,为开展辣椒制品安全风险评估,企业及产品分类管理提供必要的依据。参照GB/T4789.36—2008全自动酶联荧光免疫分析仪筛选法对辣椒制品大肠杆菌O157进行快速筛选试验,大肠杆菌0157检验结果为阳性时,参照GB/T4789.36—2008常规培养法进行大肠杆菌O157分离鉴定确认。参照GB/T4789.5—2003对辣椒制品志贺氏菌进行检验。可疑菌株用API20E生化鉴定试剂盒及VITEK2compact30全自动细菌鉴定分析系统进行生化鉴定,综合生化试验和血清学的试验结果报告。共抽890份样品、包括4类辣椒制品、涉及18个省(区、市)的194家生产企业,进行了大肠杆菌O157和志贺氏菌检验,均未检出目标菌,表明大肠杆菌O157和志贺氏菌在辣椒制品中污染风险较小。 相似文献
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目的评估饮料中霉菌和酵母计数检验结果的不确定度。方法依据GB4789.15-2010《食品微生物学检验霉菌和酵母计数》测定饮料中霉菌和酵母菌总数,并对霉菌和酵母计数过程中的样液制备、递增稀释、加样体积和重复测量等不确定度来源进行分析与量化。结果饮料中霉菌和酵母计数的检验结果以对数值的平均数表示时,其取值区间lgX=3.115±0.0409;以2次测量平均值表示时,其取值区间为1186~1432 CFU/m L(k=2.08)。结论利用日常检验数据评定饮料中霉菌和酵母计数检验结果的不确定度是可行的。 相似文献
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ROBERT E. BRACKETT 《Journal of food quality》1988,11(2):89-105
Fresh tomatoes were shrink-wrapped in film, sealed in gas-flushed film pouches, or stored in cardboard packing crates. All samples were stored at 13°C, and changes in populations of total aerobes, psychrotrophs, yeasts and molds, members of Enterobacteriaceae, and lactic acid bacteria followed. Shrink-wrapping and gas-packaging increased aerobic counts over no packaging, and selected for yeasts and molds. Shrink-wrapping additionally selected for lactic acid bacteria. The greatest number of psychrotrophs but the least number of yeasts and molds developed in unpackaged tomatoes. Shrink-wrapped and gas-packaged tomatoes remained unspoiled at least 6 weeks whereas controls spoiled in 4 weeks. 相似文献