Pseudospectra,MUSIC, and dynamic wavelet neural network for damage detection of highrise buildings

A non-parametric system identification-based model is presented for damage detection of highrise building structures subjected to seismic excitations using the dynamic fuzzy wavelet neural network (WNN) model developed by the authors. The model does not require complete measurements of the dynamic responses of the whole structure. A large structure is divided into a series of sub-structures around a few pre-selected floors where sensors are placed and measurements are made. The new model balances the global and local influences of the training data and incorporates the imprecision existing in the sensor data effectively, thus resulting in fast training convergence and high accuracy. A new damage evaluation method is proposed based on a power density spectrum method, called pseudospectrum. The multiple signal classification (MUSIC) method is employed to compute the pseudospectrum from the structural response time series. The methodology is validated using the data obtained for a 38-storey concrete test model. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the WNN model together with the pseudospectrum method for damage detection of highrise buildings based on a small amount of sensed data. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A novel RBF neural network for radar emitter recognition based on Rough Sets

With the spreading of radar emitter technology, it is more difficult for traditional methods to recognize radar emitter signals. In this article, a new method is proposed to establish a novel radial basis function (RBF) neural network for radar emitter recognition based on Rough Sets theory. First of all, radar emitter signals describing words are processed by Rough Sets, and the importance weight of each attribute is obtained and the classification rules are extracted. The classification rules are the basis of initial centers of Rough k-means. These initial centers can reduce the computational complexity of Rough k-means efficiently because of a priori knowledge from Rough Sets. In addition, basis functions of neural units of an RBF neural network are improved with attribute importance weights based on Rough Sets theory. The novel network structure makes the RBF neural network more effective. The simulation results show that novel RBF neural network radar emitter recognition can recognize radar emitter signals more effectively than a traditional RBF neural network, because of the improved Rough k-means and the network structure with attribute importance weights.     

MDCNet轴承智能故障诊断方法研究

目的 为解决轴承故障特征时频图像难以识别的问题,在进行时频图像训练和学习故障特征的基础上,提出新的故障诊断方法。方法 本文提出一种MDCNet网络,该网络由多尺寸卷积核模块（Multi-Size Convolution Kernel Module）、双通道池化层（Dual-Channel Pooling Layer）和跨阶段部分网络（Cross Stage Partial Network）组成。首先,将采集的振动信号经过同步压缩变换,得到信号的瞬时频率图像,然后输入神经网络获得故障诊断结果。结果 将提出的方法在西储大学轴承数据集进行预测,准确率达到了99.9%。与AlexNet、VGG–16、Resnet等传统方法进行对比试验,结果表明MDCNet方法分类精度可达99.9%,高于传统方法的分类精度（95.70%、98.51%、97.64%）。结论 结果表明,本文所提出方法的预测准确率高于其他方法的,验证了该方法在包装机械故障诊断中是可行的。     

基于小波包变换和随机森林算法的光伏系统故障分类

针对光伏系统故障分类问题,提出一种小波包变换和随机森林算法相结合的故障分类方法。采集光伏系统的故障电压数据,利用小波包变换对电压信号进行分解,提取各频带能量作为故障特征,将特征样本送入随机森林算法中进行分类。随机森林算法是结合集成学习理论和随机子空间方法的一种算法,可以对多种故障做出准确分类。使用PSCAD/EMTDC搭建独立光伏发电系统,选取12种故障进行模拟,得到600个故障样本,选取其中360个样本用于训练分类器,240个样本用于测试分类器的分类性能。仿真结果表明:该方法可有效辨别光伏系统的12种故障,分类准确率达到97.92%。与RBF神经网络分类器相比,故障分类准确率提高了4.17%,对进一步实现光伏系统故障诊断研究具有重要意义。     

Fault diagnostic method of power transformers based on hybrid genetic algorithm evolving wavelet neural network

The main drawbacks of a back propagation algorithm of wavelet neural network (WNN) commonly used in fault diagnosis of power transformers are that the optimal procedure is easily stacked into the local minima and cases that strictly demand initial value. A fault diagnostic method is presented based on a real-encoded hybrid genetic algorithm evolving a WNN, which can be used to optimise the structure and the parameters of WNN instead of humans in the same training process. Through the process, compromise is satisfactorily made among network complexity, convergence and generalisation ability. A number of examples show that the method proposed has good classifying capability for single- and multiple-fault samples of power transformers as well as high fault diagnostic accuracy.     

基于卷积胶囊网络的滚动轴承故障诊断研究

针对目前许多基于深度学习的滚动轴承故障诊断方法在检测含有噪声的信号以及载荷变化时,其诊断性能会有所下降的问题。提出一种基于卷积胶囊网络的故障诊断方法;该模型使用两个卷积层的卷积网络直接对原始的一维时域信号进行特征提取,并将其送入胶囊网络,输出每种故障类型的诊断结果;为了验证该模型的诊断性能,选用凯斯西储大学轴承数据库来进行验证,并与常见的卷积神经网络和深度神经网络进行对比。试验结果表明,相比于其它深度学习方法,该方法在载荷变化以及信号受到严重噪声污染时,依然拥有良好的诊断性能。     

基于模糊RBF神经网络的水下机械臂控制研究

针对水下复杂工作环境下机械臂控制性能易受影响,而传统控制方法效果不佳的问题,提出了一种基于模糊RBF（radial basis function,径向基函数）神经网络的智能控制器,用于精确、稳定地控制水下机械臂。考虑到在水扰动环境下,机械臂通常受到附加质量力、水阻力和浮力的影响,运用拉格朗日法和Morison方程,建立包含水动力项的二杆机械臂动力学模型,通过模糊RBF神经网络对水下机械臂动力学方程中的水动力不确定项进行总体识别并拟合,利用模糊系统启发式搜索和RBF神经网络推理速度较快的优点,使水下机械臂系统具有较高的控制精度和较强的自适应性。考虑到水动力项,采用Lyapunov稳定性理论验证了水下机械臂系统的稳定性。最后利用MATLAB对二杆机械臂进行轨迹跟踪控制仿真实验,并对比模糊RBF神经网络与常规RBF神经网络识别方法和传统模糊控制方法的控制效果。仿真结果表明：与常规RBF神经网络识别方法相比,模糊RBF神经网络控制下二杆机械臂关节1的响应时间缩短了91%,相对误差减小了88%,关节2的响应时间缩短了92%,相对误差降低了77%;与传统模糊控制方法相比,关节1的相对误差减小了65%,关节2的相对误差减小了10%。研究结果表明模糊RBF神经网络的控制效果优于常规RBF神经网络识别方法和传统模糊控制方法,可为水下机械臂的控制提供一种精度较高、较有效的方法。     

多域信息融合结合改进残差密集网络的轴承故障诊断

针对滚动轴承原始时域信号信息单一、深度卷积神经网络提取的特征对信息的传递存在差异等问题,该研究提出了一种多域信息融合与改进残差密集网络的轴承故障诊断方法。为了获取故障的多方面信息,先对原始数据进行多域变换,再将融合信息输入经卷积注意力改进的残差密集网络进行深度学习。经注意力机制改进的网络能够实现对提取特征的重要性区分,提高网络的训练速度、改善识别准确率。试验结果及对比分析表明该算法可以提取较为全面的特征,较传统方法具有更好的识别效果。     

基于K-means聚类与概率神经网络的模拟电路故障诊断方法

模拟电路已广泛应用于航空电子系统,模拟电路的失效会影响系统的功能,引起系统故障,甚至引发灾难性的安全事故.为快速准确地实现模拟电路的故障诊断,该文引入概率神经网络方法,并针对传统概率神经网络方法中的诊断准确性、诊断效率问题,提出基于K-means与概率神经网络的模拟电路故障诊断方法,定义聚类有效性指标,采用K-mean...     

基于RBF神经网络的生物质电站高温气体CO2浓度测量方法

电站气体浓度测量对实现燃烧优化、提高燃烧效率和火焰品质、减少污染物排放具有重要意义。以CO₂气体为例进行研究,基于近红外波段可调谐激光吸收层析成像技术,提出了基于径向基(radial basis function, RBF)神经网络的高温气体CO₂浓度测量方法。通过实验获取不同浓度下的CO₂吸收可调谐激光光谱信号,计算CO₂吸收谱线和原始信号的差值,提取出描述该差异性的统计特征参数作为RBF神经网络的输入,CO₂浓度作为RBF神经网络的输出,建立了基于RBF神经网络的高温气体CO₂浓度测量仿真模型,通过仿真实例验证了该方法的有效性和正确性。与GRNN神经网络对比分析表明:RBF神经网络法可以有效提高CO₂浓度测量精度,为生物质发电高温气体计量提供理论依据。     

基于深度置信网络与信息融合的齿轮故障诊断方法

针对齿轮在复杂运行工况下故障特征提取困难,传统故障诊断方法的识别精度易受人工提取特征的影响,以及单传感器获取信息不全面等问题,提出基于深度置信网络(DBN)与信息融合的齿轮故障诊断方法。通过多传感器信息融合技术对每个传感器采集的振动信号进行数据层融合;利用DBN进行自适应特征提取从而实现故障分类。为了避免因人为选择DBN结构参数,导致模型识别精度下降的问题,利用改进的混合蛙跳算法(ISFLA)对DBN结构参数进行优化。试验表明,与BP神经网络、未经优化的DBN以及单传感器故障诊断相比,该研究提出的信息融合及优化方法具有更高的故障识别精度。     

Acoustic Emission Recognition Based on a Two-Streams Convolutional Neural Network

The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a widely used deep neural network. Compared with the shallow neural network, the CNN network has better performance and faster computing in some image recognition tasks. It can effectively avoid the problem that network training falls into local extremes. At present, CNN has been applied in many different fields, including fault diagnosis, and it has improved the level and efficiency of fault diagnosis. In this paper, a two-streams convolutional neural network (TCNN) model is proposed. Based on the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) spectral and Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient (MFCC) input characteristics of two-streams acoustic emission (AE) signals, an AE signal processing and classification system is constructed and compared with the traditional recognition methods of AE signals and traditional CNN networks. The experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. Compared with single-stream convolutional neural network and a simple Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network, the performance of TCNN which combines spatial and temporal features is greatly improved, and the accuracy rate can reach 100% on the current database, which is 12% higher than that of single-stream neural network.     

基于多输入层卷积神经网络的滚动轴承故障诊断模型

针对滚动轴承信号易受噪声干扰和智能诊断模型鲁棒性差的问题,在一维卷积网络的基础上,提出基于多输入层卷积神经网络的滚动轴承故障诊断模型。相比传统卷积神经网络诊断模型,该模型具有多个输入层,初始输入层为原始信号,以最大化地发挥卷积网络自动学习原始信号特征的优势;同时可将谱分析数据在模型任意位置输入模型,以提升模型的识别精度和抗干扰能力。通过滚动轴承模拟试验,进行可行性和有效性验证,同时与人工神经网络(Artificial Neural Network,ANN)、支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)和典型的卷积神经模型进行对比,证明了所提出模型的优势;向测试集中加入噪声来检验模型的鲁棒性,并且运用增量学习方法提升模型在强噪声环境下的识别性能;通过滚动轴承故障实例,验证模型的识别性能和泛化能力。试验结果表明,所提出的模型提升了传统卷积模型的识别率和收敛性能,并具有较好的鲁棒性和泛化能力。     

Fault Diagnosis of Power Electronic Circuits Based on Adaptive Simulated Annealing Particle Swarm Optimization

In the field of energy conversion, the increasing attention on power electronic equipment is fault detection and diagnosis. A power electronic circuit is an essential part of a power electronic system. The state of its internal components affects the performance of the system. The stability and reliability of an energy system can be improved by studying the fault diagnosis of power electronic circuits. Therefore, an algorithm based on adaptive simulated annealing particle swarm optimization (ASAPSO) was used in the present study to optimize a backpropagation (BP) neural network employed for the online fault diagnosis of a power electronic circuit. We built a circuit simulation model in MATLAB to obtain its DC output voltage. Using Fourier analysis, we extracted fault features. These were normalized as training samples and input to an unoptimized BP neural network and BP neural networks optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the ASAPSO algorithm. The accuracy of fault diagnosis was compared for the three networks. The simulation results demonstrate that a BP neural network optimized with the ASAPSO algorithm has higher fault diagnosis accuracy, better reliability, and adaptability and can more effectively diagnose and locate faults in power electronic circuits.     

改进的生成对抗网络在轴承故障诊断中的应用

研究一种基于改进的生成对抗网络的滚动轴承故障诊断方法.针对传统的生成对抗网络模型无法进行故障诊断的问题,对其进行改进,在生成对抗网络基础上加入额外条件信息,并且在输出层添加辅助输出层,将生成对抗网络从无监督学习的生成模型改进为监督学习的分类模型.然后,利用西储大学轴承数据集对改进后的生成对抗网络进行实验验证.结果表明,...     

基于改进一维卷积神经网络的滚动轴承故障识别

滚动轴承的故障识别对于防止旋转机械系统故障恶化并保证其安全运行具有重要意义.针对现有智能诊断模型参数多、识别效率低的问题,提出一种基于改进一维卷积神经网络的滚动轴承故障识别(FRICNN-1D)方法.通过引入1×1卷积核增强一维卷积神经网络模型的非线性表达能力;并用全局平局池化层代替传统卷积神经(CNN)网络中的全连接...     

基于RBF神经网络的液黏调速离合器 活塞位移控制器设计

针对液黏调速离合器存在非线性和控制精度较低,难以满足工业领域较高的传动特性需求等问题,提出了基于RBF (radial basis function, 径向基函数)神经网络的液黏调速离合器活塞位移滑模控制策略。对液黏调速离合器局部结构进行改进,增设位移传感器和导电滑环以采集位移信号;建立了电液比例溢流阀和液黏调速离合器的数学模型,设计并分析了基于RBF神经网络的液黏调速离合器活塞位移滑模控制器;搭建了液黏调速离合器AMESim-MATLAB联合仿真模型。仿真结果表明：基于RBF神经网络的液黏调速离合器活塞位移滑模控制可以有效地适应液黏调速离合器的非线性,并解决滑模控制的抖振问题,能够提高控制精度,使液黏调速离合器控制器具有很好的鲁棒性,可以满足较高的工业需求。     

基于变分模态分解与深度卷积神经网络的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对滚动轴承振动信号非平稳、非线性特点以及特征提取困难问题,提出一种基于变分模态分解(VMD)与深度卷积神经网络相结合的特征提取方法并应用于滚动轴承故障诊断。利用VMD将原始振动信号分解得到若干不同频率的限带本征模态分量,通过卷积网络中的多组卷积核自动学习各模态数据的不同特征,保证了特征提取的自适应性、全面性和多样性。在特征提取的基础上,使用全连接神经网络进行故障分类与诊断。将所提方法应用于滚动轴承故障诊断,结果表明,该方法在变工况情况下能够实现滚动轴承故障类别以及损伤程度的精确判定。     

基于小波时频图和卷积神经网络的断路器故障诊断分析

高压断路器操动机构振动信号为非平稳性信号,蕴含着丰富的操动机构工作状态的信息,对操动机构工作状态的检验辨识具有重大意义。提出一种基于小波时频图和卷积神经网络的断路器故障诊断方法。对操动机构振动信号进行连续小波变换生成时频图(CWT),并对时频图进行统一压缩预处理;将预处理后的时频图作为特征图输入卷积神经网络AlexNet模型;通过对网络参数的调整,逐步改进网络模型,有监督地实现对操动机构故障状态的辨识诊断。结果表明,该方法能够有效地运用于断路器操动机构故障辨识诊断,与小波频带能量-RBF、小波频带能量-SVM的故障识别相比,故障识别准确率最高。     

基于排气噪声的柴油机气阀故障诊断

通过对柴油机气阀机构七种状态下的排气噪声信号建立AR模型,以AR模型的自回归参数作为故障识别的特征向量,建立基于极限学习机的柴油机气阀故障诊断模型,并与反向传播神经网络算法、径向基网络算法和基于支持向量机的诊断模型相比较。试验结果表明,排气噪声信号可用于柴油机气阀故障的诊断,且基于极限学习机的诊断模型与其他三种算法的分类正确率均可达到95 %以上,但在学习速度上,极限学习机具有明显的优势。