共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 312 毫秒
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采用具有负热值特性的半水硫酸钙等无机材料为主要添加剂制备阻燃浆液,以低密度膨胀聚苯乙烯泡沫为基体,使用负压顺孔与负压吸附技术,制备了无机复合聚苯板;使用导热系数测试仪测试了该复合材料的保温性能,使用氧指数测试仪、热值测试仪、锥形量热仪、单体燃烧装置测试其燃烧性能。经检测,该无机复合聚苯板的导热系数为0.041 W/(m2.K),热值仅为2.91 MJ/kg,氧指数达到39.7%;锥形量热仪测试结果显示,该复合聚苯板在燃烧过程中未发生收缩熔融,且保持一定的形状,其热释放速率峰值、总热释放量、产烟速率峰值以及总产烟量相比聚苯乙烯泡沫基材大幅降低;单体燃烧测试结果显示,该无机复合聚苯板的燃烧性能等级达到A2级,产烟特性等级达到S1级;分析其阻燃机理,认为主要源于二水硫酸钙吸热的分解反应和惰性的分解产物。 相似文献
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采用层状无卤高效抑烟剂ZnMgAl-CO_3-LDHs制备阻燃沥青,通过热重-差热分析仪、锥形量热仪和X射线光电子能谱仪研究了层状双氢氧化物(LDHs)对沥青阻燃抑烟性能的影响,并分析其阻燃机理.结果表明:掺加质量分数为2%的LDHs可使沥青燃烧的最大热释放速率、平均热释放速率和总烟释放量分别下降24.9%,14.3%和27.0%;LDHs在2%掺量下即有较好的阻燃抑烟效果,而在25%掺量下的阻燃抑烟效果提升有限;LDHs的层状结构可以在沥青燃烧初期降低沥青的失重速率,并提升残渣的完整性、致密性和抗氧化性,但LDHs的热解吸热效应并未在沥青燃烧过程中发挥明显作用. 相似文献
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以稻草秸秆和杨木单板为原材料,无机胶黏剂为黏结剂,制备了可用于地板的阻燃抑烟型单板/秸秆板复合材.设计了单板/单秸秆板芯层和单板/双秸秆板芯层2种复合材.通过对比无机杨木胶合板、秸秆板和单板/秸秆板复合材的燃烧性能、质量损失率和导热系数,研究单板/秸秆板复合材的阻燃抑烟性能,并对比了2种复合材的力学性能.结果表明:无机胶黏剂覆盖于板材表面能隔断氧气与热量传递,控制火焰从而发挥阻燃作用;单板和秸秆板复合后能保证板材的结构和强度,降低板材的火灾危险性;相对于单板/单秸秆板芯层复合材,单板/双秸秆板芯层复合材的导热系数降低了27.7%,静曲强度和弹性模量显著提高,且能够防止地板加工时产生的碎边现象. 相似文献
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罗振扬 《保温材料与节能技术》2009,(5):19-23,27
研究了甲基磷酸二甲酯(DMMP)及其与几种常用卤代磷酸类阻燃剂复配使用,对聚氨酯硬质泡沫的点燃时间、燃烧热释放速率、总热释放量、烟密度、烟气生成速率等参数的影响规律,并对比了锥形量热仪与传统氧指数仪评价的区别。结果表明:实验所用阻燃剂可以明显提高聚氨酯硬泡的阻燃性能;单独使用DMMP的聚氨酯硬泡的点燃时间最长,而对于燃烧热释放速率、总热释放量、烟密度及烟气生成速率,则是复配使用效果更佳;相比于传统氧指数仪,锥形量热仪能够更加全面地评价聚氨酯硬泡的阻燃特性。 相似文献
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在建筑内部的装修装饰中,人造木质板材的应用极其广泛,为了研究人造木质板材的燃烧性能,文章以密度板、刨花板、细木工板和胶合板四种常见板材为研究对象,采用锥形量热仪和傅里叶红外烟气分析仪等仪器从点燃时间(TTI)、热释放速率(HRR)、火灾性能指数(FPI)、有毒气体四个方面对人造木质板材的燃烧性能进行分析,研究结果表明:点燃时间由短到长依次为细木工板、胶合板、密度板、刨花板;四种人造木质板材均出现两个热释放速率峰值,而且两个峰值之间存在一个稳定的燃烧阶段,变化情况与点燃时间基本相符;胶合板最先发生轰燃,其次是细木工板、密度板、刨花板,FPI逐渐增大,轰燃威胁逐渐减弱;燃烧过程中有毒气体CO和NO含量的变化曲线都存在两个峰值,同一种类板材燃烧初期NO产量更多,燃烧中期CO、NO产量较少,燃烧后期,产生大量的CO更多;总体而言,细木工板和胶合板的火灾危险性接近最低,其次是密度板、刨花板。 相似文献
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材料组成对干粉砂浆性能的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究了经改性处理的某无机矿粉(M)、甲基羟乙基纤维素和可再分散乳胶粉等在单掺和复掺条件下对干粉砂浆保水率、抗折抗压强度、粘结拉力和抗渗性能等的影响。研究结果表明:当甲基羟乙基纤维素的掺量达到水泥的0.35%时,砂浆的保水率达到99%;同时,改性无机矿粉(M)也能提高砂浆的保水率。采用正交试验方法,经过优化研究确定外加剂的最佳配比为0.3%甲基羟乙基纤维素、2%可再分散乳胶粉和6%改性无机矿粉(M),即能满足砂浆的施工性能,又能降低砂浆的成本。 相似文献
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随着世界日趋显现的木材短缺情况,发展非木质建筑材料成为国际关注的重点。煤炭、芒硝制备硫化碱生产过程中所产生的废料常年堆积,对环境造成巨大污染,依据目前市场对非木质复合板材的需求,并结合硫化碱生产废料自身不燃、无毒的性质,可考虑用做耐火材料的基材。选择硫化碱废料为复合板材的基础原料,就无机添加剂的选择及配比、酚醛树脂的量对抗压强度的影响、植物纤维对抗压强度的影响、发泡剂对试验的影响以及一些添加剂对样品的影响进行了相关试验。结果表明,当植物纤维∶硫化碱废料为1∶4,硫化碱废料∶石膏∶水泥为7∶6∶2,酚醛树脂的含量为10%,水分的加入量为12%,发泡剂的百分含量为0.15%,岩棉的含量为10%,三乙醇胺的含量为4%时,效果最佳。 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to manufacture low-formaldehyde-emission particleboard from recycled wood-waste chips using polymeric 4,4′-methylenediphenyl isocyanate (PMDI) and phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins for use in indoor environments. The influence of PMDI/PF ratios in particles on the formaldehyde emission and its mechanical properties were investigated. The experimental results showed that the formaldehyde emission released decreased linearly with increasing PMDI/PF particle ratio. The relationship could be represented by a linear regression formula. Formaldehyde emission was below 0.3 mg/L when the weight percentage of PMDI/particles was up to 70%. The formaldehyde emission from melamine-formaldehyde (MF) resin-impregnated paper-overlaid particleboard was 17% lower than that for particleboard. Moreover, the bending strength, internal bonding strength and screw holding strength increased with increasing PMDI/PF particle ratio. However, the percentage thickness swelling of the particleboard decreased with increasing PMDI/PF particle ratio. In addition, there were significant positive relationships between the ultrasonic velocity and the bending strength, internal bonding strength and screw holding strength of the particleboard, which allowed evaluation of the properties of the particleboard using ultrasonic velocity. 相似文献
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A major issue in fire safety engineering is the control and regulation of smoke production from wall linings. When a material burns it produces smoke. Smoke production has two attributes, its volume and its concentration. The smoke volume is the total amount of smoke per unit time, and is proportional to the heat release rate. The smoke concentration depends on the smoke yield of the material, which is defined as grams of smoke produced per gram of material burnt. Current two-zone models, generally accepted in fire safety design, determine whether tenability conditions are met based on smoke volume. In these models a distinct interface between the smoke and the clear layer is assumed. This paper focuses on the impact of smoke yield on tenability. Two issues are discussed (a) the variation of smoke yield with ventilation conditions and (b) the influence of smoke density gradients between the smoke and clear layer on tenability conditions. Two examples are presented to illustrate the significance of these issues. 相似文献
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Byoung-Ho Lee Hee-Soo Kim Sumin Kim Hyun-Joong Kim Bongwoo Lee Yuhe Deng Qian Feng Jiayan Luo 《Construction and Building Materials》2011,25(7):3044-3050
This study examined the combustion characteristics of wood-based panels and gypsum particle board (GPB) made from wood particles using a cone calorimeter according to the ISO 5660-1 specifications. The combustion characteristics of the wood-based panels and GPB were measured in terms of the time to ignition (TTI), heat release rate (HRR), smoke production rate (SPR) and CO yield under a fire condition. The results demonstrated variations in the burning characteristics between the wood-based panels and a significant influence of the surface materials and construction elements on the HRR and SPR. The HRR, SPR and the CO yield of GPB were significantly lower than those of the wood-based panels. 相似文献