凝胶剂用量对胶印油墨性能的影响

采用有机铝型凝胶剂制备凝胶型连接料和胶印油墨,并研究了不同凝胶剂用量对连接料和胶印油墨的流变性能、印刷适性和乳化率的影响。试验结果表明:随着凝胶剂用量的增加,连接料和油墨的流动性能、黏弹性和触变性提高,并可有效减少飞墨,提高抗乳化能力,改善水墨平衡性能,使胶印油墨的流变性能更加适应高速印刷的要求。     

粒度级配对CL-20基炸药油墨流变性能的影响

为了研究粒度级配对CL-20基炸药油墨流变性能的影响,制备了粒径分别为400nm和4μm的CL-20样品,以及7种不同粒度级配的CL-20基炸药油墨;采用博勒飞(CPS)流变仪对炸药油墨进行了黏度测试,得到了相应的流变数据,并计算出非牛顿指数、屈服值和触变指数。结果表明,炸药颗粒的粒度级配对炸药油墨的流变性能有着十分明显的影响;随着粒径为4μm的CL-20含量的增多,炸药油墨表观黏度出现先减小后增大的现象;同时,非牛顿指数出现先增大后减小的现象,屈服值和触变指数总体上呈现先减小后增大的现象;当炸药油墨中粒径分别为400nm和4μm的CL-20质量比为1∶2时,炸药油墨的非牛顿指数为最大值0.41,屈服值和触变指数均达到最小值,分别为26.73和8.74,表明在该粒度级配条件下,炸药油墨具有更好的流变性能。     

疏水改性硅酸镁铝复合SiO_2气凝胶内墙保温腻子的研制

利用阳离子疏水剂对硅酸镁铝(MS)进行改性,再复合SiO_2气凝胶制备高效内墙干粉保温腻子。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面积(BET)、Zeta电位对改性MS进行了表征,用保温温差及导热系数对腻子进行了保温性能评价。结果显示,改性MS的XRD衍射峰2θ、比表面积及孔容都减小,表观孔径和Zeta电位增大,表明疏水改性剂可能以多种方式进入MS层间及吸附在其表面,造成MS层间及表面微孔封闭;所得MS腻子抗开裂性得到了改善,保温效果提高;改性MS再复合SiO_2气凝胶所得保温腻子,保温性能得到了进一步提高,其试板较原试板保温温差增加了5.2℃,导热系数小至0.042 W/(m·K)。     

气凝胶隔热保温涂料在加热炉保温涂层修复技术中的应用

介绍了一种加热炉表面保温修复技术中的应用,包括气凝胶隔热保温涂料应用、保温结构设计、保温涂装施工工艺及隔热效果评价。结果表明：采用自研气凝胶隔热保温涂料对加热炉表面保温失效区域进行修复,可以明显降低炉体表面温度,有效减少热量向外界的散热损耗,进而提高加热炉热效率;与原有保温涂层相比,修复用气凝胶保温涂层隔热性能及机械性能更加优异;在保温结构设计方案中,保温涂层与防护面层之间设计的界面剂粘接层可显著提高配套体系耐水、耐盐雾性能,降低保温层下腐蚀风险。     

凝胶型连结料体系黏度模型的参数拟合

采用有机铝型螯合物凝胶剂、松香改性酚醛树脂、亚麻仁油和高沸点煤油制备胶印油墨用连结料,研究了亚麻仁油、高沸点煤油和凝胶剂的用量对连结料流变性能的影响。根据流变实验测定值,准确地拟合出该连结料体系的一系列黏度模型。根据该黏度模型,能够在改变原料配比、温度与剪切速率的条件下,相当精确地描述连结料体系的黏度。因此,若能利用汇编语言设计出连结料的配方计算软件,则可根据连结料体系中各因素变化来直接调节连结料的流变参数,达到快速调整连结料配方、缩短生产工艺时间、稳定连结料质量、适应高速印刷油墨要求的目的。     

N-异丙基丙烯酰胺pH敏感型水凝胶的制备及对甲基紫吸附性能研究

以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺和海藻酸钠(SA)为主要原料,制备了具有pH敏感型的智能水凝胶。探究了不同海藻酸钠、引发剂、交联剂等配比的凝胶在不同pH值环境下的溶胀性能,并对制备的凝胶进行甲基紫的吸附性能测试。结果表明:碱性条件下,凝胶溶胀度随SA用量的增加而增大,酸性条件下则相反;凝胶的溶胀度随交联剂用量的增加而减小;引发剂用量为3%时凝胶的溶胀度较高;凝胶在适宜条件下对甲基紫溶液有良好的吸附性能。     

气相二氧化硅在气凝胶保温涂料中的应用

介绍了气凝胶在保温涂料中的应用效果,并探究了以气相二氧化硅替换气凝胶对保温涂料性能的影响。实验表明,在一定比例以气相二氧化硅替换气凝胶,在保证气凝胶涂料保温性能的同时,能提高保温涂层附着力以及涂层强度。     

调剖驱油技术中弱凝胶体系研究进展

弱凝胶体系调驱技术是通过降低油田高渗透层渗透率、提高水驱波及系数、改善水驱开发效果来实现原油稳产的重要手段.本文综述了近年来原油开采过程中用于调驱技术的弱凝胶体系基本组成,不同交联剂对弱凝胶体系的成胶机理和成胶条件及弱凝胶体系性能的评价方法.总结了稳定剂、杀菌剂、抗盐剂、延迟剂等助剂和温度、矿化度、pH值等环境因素对弱凝胶体系性能的影响;概述了弱凝胶体系的矿场应用技术现状和现有弱凝胶体系在调剖应用中仍存在的问题.提出在传统表观方法研究弱凝胶交联机理的基础上,利用激光光散射法、原子力显微镜和计算机分子动力学模拟等技术加强对弱凝胶交联微观机理研究,为开发新型长效且廉价的调剖剂提供理论依据.     

UV油墨的制备与性能优化

探讨了预聚物、单体、光引发剂、颜料等组分对UV油墨固化速度、附着力、耐抗性等性能的影响,应用正交实验设计方法对UV油墨各组分种类进行选择,对正交试验结果做极差分析及方差分析,结果表明：根据预先设计的组分比例,采用预聚物PQ611,单体A,光引发剂B,活性氨为加速剂,获得性能较好的UV油墨。     

一种油气田用耐高温凝胶调堵剂制备及性能研究

为解决油气田开发中的油田水淹、低渗透区出油率低等问题,试验以稻壳灰为主要材料,结合表面活性剂,制备一种耐高温凝胶调堵剂,并对其性能和应用效果进行研究。结果表明,当A剂中含有8%稻壳灰粉末和8%表面活性剂,B剂(表面活性剂)浓度为1%时,配制的凝胶调堵剂耐盐性、耐高温性良好,呈碱性。其中,当凝胶调堵剂中的水溶液为10×10⁴ mg/L矿化度盐水时,成胶率达到72%。该凝胶调堵剂在100℃温度下保温100 d时,凝胶黏度达到74.3 MPa·s。另外,该凝胶调堵剂在空气渗透率为1 000～8 000 mD时,人造岩心的封堵率达到91%以上,封堵性能良好。     

固体醇燃料的制备

用硝化纤维素作凝胶剂合成了固体醇燃料,并研究了各组分的作用及影响。与传统固体醇燃料相比,用硝化纤维素作凝胶剂制成的固体醇燃料具有价廉易得、燃烧热值高、燃后残渣少、不产生黑烟、不需要加热或改性处理等优点。     

Physical Properties of Biodegradable Films of Soy Protein Concentrate/Gelling Agent Blends

Soy protein concentrate (SPC) is modified by blending with gelling agents such as agar, Agargel, and Phytagel and the properties of the blended films are characterized. Gelling agent addition significantly improves the mechanical properties, thermal stability, and moisture resistance. SPC blended with 30% PG show over 180% increase in the tensile stress and Young's modulus and the moisture regain decreases from 17.9 to 13.9%. The glass transition temperature of the SPC films increases from 132 to 148 °C after blending with Agargel and Phytagel. IPN‐like structure formation after adding gelling agents is responsible for the improvements. The results also suggest that the gelling agent chemistry determines the amount of gelling agent required to form IPN‐like structures.

     

Fabrication and properties of porous Si3N4 ceramics by aqueous gelcasting using low-toxic DMAA gelling agent

A low-toxic and water-soluble monomer N, N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) was employed as a gelling agent in the gelcasting of porous Si₃N₄ ceramics. The process conditions and composition for slurry preparation (with a solid loading of 36?vol%), the consolidation and sintering of green bodies were investigated and optimized. The effects of various factors such as zeta potential, pH value of the premix solution, dispersant dosage and ball milling time on the rheological properties of the slurries were investigated. The results suggest that the best rheological properties (66.5 mPa.s at a shear rate of 96.3?s^?1) of the slurries were obtained when pH value ranged between 9 and 11, dispersant dosage reached 1?wt%, and ball milling time was 6?h. All the as-prepared green bodies showed a homogeneous microstructure and high flexural strength ≥ 26?MPa with a maximum up to 46.3?MPa when the ratio of DMAA to MBAM, initiator dosage, polymerization temperature and time were 14, 1?wt%, 70?°C and 90?min, respectively. The sintered bodies had a homogeneous microstructure, excellent and regulatable properties, a flexural strength of 216.3–327.3?MPa, and a porosity of 39.6–29.1% by varying the sintering temperature from 1710?°C to 1810?°C and the holding time from 1?h to 3?h. The superior comprehensive effect makes DMAA a promising candidate for an environmentally friendly gelling agent in gelcasting of porous Si₃N₄ ceramics.     

陶瓷添加剂ISOBAM对氧化铝浆料流变性能的影响

ISOBAM(异丁烯-马来酸酐共聚物)是一种新型的陶瓷添加剂,主要用作凝胶注模成型中浆料的分散剂和凝胶剂。以α-Al₂O₃为对象,分别研究了pH值、ISOBAM添加量和球磨时间对Al₂O₃浆料流变性质的影响及Al₂O₃浆料的凝胶机理。结果表明,ISOBAM对氧化铝浆料有明显的分散作用,其主要分散机理是ISOBAM通过羧基的氢键作用吸附在氧化铝颗粒表面,增加了颗粒表面负电荷密度,提高了颗粒Zeta电位绝对值。其中,添加0.2%质量分数的ISOBAM的浆料可以快速凝胶化,原因是浆料的pH值接近等电点,ISOBAM分子和氧化铝能够通过氢键作用而形成凝胶网络。     

Solid freeform fabrication of soybean oil-based composites reinforced with clay and fibers

Soybean oil/epoxy-based composites were prepared by an extrusion freeform fabrication method. These composites were reinforced with a combination of organically modified clay and fibers. The intercalated behavior of the epoxy resin in the presence of organo-modified clay was investigated by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The mixture of epoxidized soybean oil and EPON^® 828 resin was modified with a gelling agent to solidify the materials until curing occurred. The flexural modulus reached 4.86 GPa with glass fiber reinforcement at 50.6 wt% loading. It was shown that the fiber orientation followed the direction of motion of the writing head that deposited the resins and had an influence on the properties of the composite. The composites cured by curing agent jeffamine EDR-148 were found to have lower mechanical properties than those cured with triethylenetetramine, diethylenetriamine, and polyethylenimine. In addition, the effects of clay loading and fiber loading on mechanical properties of the composites were studied and reported.     

Formulation and release of doxycycline HCL from an ion activated in situ gelling delivery system for the treatment of periodontal disease

This study reports on the formulation of doxycycline HCL in an ion activated in situ gelling delivery system and its implications for the treatment of periodontal disease. The system is based on the use of alginate as the gelling agent and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as a viscosity enhancing agent. The ion activated gelling mechanism in this system is based on the concept of interaction with the divalent calcium ions present in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). The gelling capacity of the prepared formulations was assessed visually and by investigating their rheological behavior upon mixing with human blood serum since it has the same composition as the GCF. The rheological behavior of all formulations was not affected by incorporation of the drug. In vitro release studies showed that the alginate/HPMC mixture, upon gelling after mixing with serum, can sustain the release of doxycycline HCL for an extended period of time which was more than 12 days. These results indicated that this system can be used as an in situ gelling local delivery system for the treatment of periodontal disease. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

偶联剂KH-560对CE/纳米-SiO_2复合材料凝胶性的影响

采用高速均质剪切法制备CE/纳米-SiO2复合材料,通过测试凝胶化时间和粘度变化,考察了偶联剂KH-560表面处理纳米-SiO2对复合材料凝胶性的影响。结果表明,KH-560能够有效提高复合材料的凝胶特性;在90℃时,相对未处理的CE/纳米-SiO2复合材料,经KH-560表面处理后的CE/纳米-SiO2复合材料粘度提高率为15.99%,凝胶化时间缩短率为11.34%。     

双组分水性聚氨酯哑光清漆的制备

采用拜耳公司的水性羟基丙烯酸树脂乳液和聚异氰酸酯固化剂制备了一种聚氨酯哑光清漆。通过实验研究确定了两种羟基树脂组分的混拼比例为48.00%的BayhydrolXP2546和23.00%的BayhydrolXP2542,NCO与OH的摩尔比为1.6。讨论了消光剂加入量与漆膜光泽的变化关系,当消光剂的质量分数为2.4%时,所制备的聚氨酯哑光清漆具有硬度高,耐磨性与耐候性好,光泽低等特点,综合性能优异。     

一种高稳与高抗烧性凝胶泡沫基础配方的研究

以胶凝剂水玻璃、交联剂小苏打、三种发泡剂为原料制备一种高稳与高抗烧性的凝胶泡沫基础配方,采用单因素交联试验与四因素三水平正交试验研究水玻璃交联体系与复配发泡剂,并分析了水玻璃交联体系在用不同交联剂时对胶凝结果的影响,发泡剂各组分对发泡体积和半衰期的影响,最后采用小尺度抗烧试验评价凝胶泡沫的抗烧性能。结果表明,胶凝剂水玻璃的质量分数为9.00%,交联剂碳酸氢钠的质量分数为3.50%,CTAB、AES、CAB-35三种组分的质量分数分别为0.1%、0.12%、0.6%时,基础配方发泡剂稳定性能提升了270%,抗烧性能与两相泡沫相比提升了53%。