SOI基PLC型阵列波导光栅与可调光衰减器单片集成

制作了基于绝缘体上硅(Silicon on Insulator,SOI)材料的8×16通道的阵列波导光栅(Arrayed Waveguide Grating,AWG)与电吸收型可调光衰减器(Variable OpticalAttenuator,VOA)的单片集成器件,其信道间隔为200 GHz.该集成器件采用脊形波导结构,其截面尺寸为亚微米级,整体尺寸为2.9 mm×1 mm.该VMUX器件的片上损耗为9.324～10.048 dB,串扰为6.5～8.2 dB;在20 dB衰减下,单通道最大功耗为87.98 mW;最大信道偏振相关损耗(Polarization Dependent Loss,PDL)为0.461 dB,16通道的衰减一致性为0.245 dB.该器件能够实现良好的波分复用/解复用及信道功率均衡的功能.     

基于3 μm-SOI的波分复用/解复用器与电吸收型VOA的单片集成

波分复用/解复用器与可调光衰减器的是光通信系统中的重要元器件。为了得到制备工艺简单、响应速度快的二者的单片集成芯片,并且考虑到其与其他不同光器件的集成可能性,在绝缘体上硅材料制作了16通道、信道间隔200 GHz的阵列波导光栅复用/解复用器与电吸收型可调光衰减器的单片集成。该器件的片上损耗小于7 dB,串扰小于-22 dB。电吸收型VOA在20 dB的衰减量下的功耗为572 mW （106 mA,5.4 V）。此外,该器件可以实现光功率的快速衰减,在0~5 V的外加方波电压下,VOA上升及下降时间分别为50.5 ns和48 ns。     

100 GHz 40通道智能DWDM模块-VMUX

本文基于DWDM系统中的通道增益不平坦给系统带来的诸多问题,提出了一种新型光器件-DWDM智能模块VMUX;然后详细介绍了其结构,分析了其各项指标的特性;最后得出了此VMUX模块具有体积小、低插入损耗(<7dB)、低偏振相关损耗(PDL<0.3dB@10dB,PDL<0.4dB@15dB)、高隔离度、低响应时间、高可靠性及优良温度特性等优点。     

低功耗热光可调光衰减器的设计与制备

可调光衰减器(VOA)是波分复用(WDM)系统中最重要的器件之一,它的主要功能是控制和衰减光信号。设计并制备了基于石英衬底的4通道马赫增德尔(Mach-Zehnder)干涉型热光可调光衰减器阵列。首先介绍了热光可调光衰减器的结构和原理,模拟了在有外加偏压时的热场分布,然后介绍了器件的设计及制备工艺过程,并对所制备的器件进行测试。实验结果表明,制备器件的插入损耗小于1.1 dB,动态衰减范围为0~30 dB。在衰减量为30 dB时,外加偏压为12.5 V,功耗仅有120 mW。最后分析了测试结果,并提出了改善器件性能的方法。     

100 GHz 40通道智能DWDM模块-VMUX

本文基于DWDM系统中的通道增益不平坦给系统带来的诸多问题,提出了一种新型光器件一DWDM智能模块VMUX;然后详细介绍了其结构,分析了其各项指标的特性;最后得出了此VMUX模块具有体积小、低插入损耗(<7 dB)、低偏振相关损耗(PDL<0.3 dB@10 dB,PDL<0.4 dB@15dB)、高隔离度、低响应时间、高可靠性及优良温度特性等优点.     

基于SOI的低功耗低偏振相关损耗的可调光衰减器

基于硅的等离子体色散效应,构建了大尺寸SOI基光波导电光可调光衰减器(VOA)仿真模型,系统模拟分析了结构参数对VOA衰减及偏振相关特性的影响,优化设计出了低功耗、低偏振相关损耗的VOA器件,仿真结果表明,该VOA在20 dB衰减下的功耗仅为24 mW,偏振相关损耗为0.41 dB.     

SOI基亚微米光波导可调光衰减器的设计

基于硅的等离子色散效应,构建了SOI基光波导可调光衰减器(VOA)仿真模型,对SOI基亚微米脊形波导结构的模式特性、VOA器件的掺杂区间距、掺杂深度及浓度对VOA特性的影响进行了系统的模拟分析,优化设计出了小尺寸、低损耗的VOA器件,仿真结果表明:该器件在2.1V电压下即可获得30 dB衰减量,功耗仅为14 mW.     

基于不同衬底的二氧化硅可调复用器/解复用器的单片集成芯片研究

分别设计制备了基于石英衬底和硅衬底的16通道200 GHz二氧化硅可调复用器/解复用器.该器件由一个16通道200 GHz的阵列波导光栅(AWG)和Mach-Zehnder干涉型热光可调光衰减器(VOA)阵列构成.在衰减量达到20 dB的时候,基于石英衬底的器件的外加偏压和功耗分别是11.7V和110 mW;而基于硅衬底的器件的外加偏压和功耗分别是22V和380mW.分析了基于不同衬底的器件性能出现差别的原因,并设计了新的结构,提高了器件性能.     

光可变衰减器的研究进展

光可变衰减器(VOA)作为波分复用(WDM)网络中关键的功率管理器件,能够实现信道均衡和自动增益控制功能.微电机械系统(MEMS)型和热光型VOA以其衰减范围宽、功耗低、体积小、易于集成等优点成为研究重点,热光特性极佳的聚合物材料则成为最引人注目的热光材料.文章对已有的VOA器件作了概括分类,介绍了各种MEMS型VOA,还从热光材料的角度,总结了聚合物材料的研究成果,对已见报道的基于聚合物的各种热光型VOA进行了重点的描述和分析.最后给出了VOA的两种网络实例.     

反射式MEMS VOA在光通信系统中的应用

1.引言可变光衰减器(Variable Optical Attenuator,VOA)是光纤通信中一种重要的光无源器件,通过衰减传输光功率来实现对信号的实时控制,可与光波分复用器     

A fast SOI-based variable optical attenuator with a p-i-n structure with low polarization dependent loss

According to the plasma dispersion effect of silicon (Si), a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) based variable optical attenuator (VOA) with p-i-n lateral diode structure is demonstrated in this paper. A wire rib waveguide with sub-micrometer cross section is adopted. The device is only about 2 mm long. The power consumption of the VOA is 76.3 mW (0.67 V, 113.9 mA), and due to the carrier absorption, the polarization dependent loss (PDL) is 0.1 dB at 20 dB attenuation. The raise time of the VOA is 34.5 ns, the fall time is 37 ns, and the response time is 71.5 ns.     

Variable optical attenuator for large-scale integration

A polymer thermooptic variable optical attenuator (VOA) was designed and demonstrated for dense waveguide device integration. The waveguide bend design is compatible with photolithography fabrication techniques and operates by controlling waveguide bend radiation loss. The design optimizes the compromise between integration capability, integration cost, and attenuation efficiency. For a 5 mm bend length, optical attenuation of >40 dB has been achieved with an applied electrical power of 250 mW. The fiber-to-fiber insertion loss was 1.5 dB for a 20-mm total waveguide length. The design's compact size makes it practical for both VOA arrays and dense integrated optical circuits     

全光纤热光型可变光衰减器

根据光纤包层中的倏逝场机制,将具有热光效应的聚合物材料直接覆盖在侧边抛磨光纤上,进行了全光纤热光型可变光衰减器(VOA)的研究.根据理论分析,确定了在侧边抛磨光纤的抛磨区上覆盖材料的折射率与纤芯中光衰减量之间的关系,为选择适当折射率的热光材料提供依据.设计适当的侧边抛磨区,利用先进的轮式侧边抛磨技术,制备了侧边抛磨光纤,以达到最佳可变光衰减效果.采用螺绕电极和优化封装,制作出性能优良的全光纤热光型可变光衰减器.性能测试表明,器件插入损耗小于0.1 dB,衰减范围为0~80 dB,偏振相关损耗小于0.02 dB,背向反射大于70 dB.该方法制作的全光纤热光型可变光衰减器具有可用电驱动调控、可靠性高等优点.     

Variable optical attenuator based on ion-exchange technology in glass

A thermooptic variable optical attenuator (VOA) based on the Mach-Zehnder interferometer principle was fabricated in glass by an ion-exchange technique. The thermooptical effect was reached via heating electrodes on the side of the Mach-Zehnder arms. The insertion loss of the device was 1 dB, the dynamic range was 38 dB, maximal power consumption was 138 mW, and the polarization-dependent loss (PDL) was 0.2 dB/0.6 dB at 10 dB/20-dB attenuations, respectively.     

Submicrosecond speed variable optical attenuator usingacoustooptics

A novel variable optical attenuator (VOA) is introduced that can provide high dynamic range and high-resolution all at fast submicrosecond speeds. The VOA design exploits an in-line one-to-one imaging optical architecture operating with Bragg-mode acoustooptic Bragg cells. Optical attenuation is achieved via frequency and drive voltage control of the Bragg cells, leading to flexible and precise attenuation-level settings. VOA demonstrated a 45-dB dynamic range with a 175-ns switching time. Other measured parameters include 1.14-dB/MHz resolution, 1.56-dB polarization dependent loss, and an excess loss of 3.55 dB     

聚合物热光可变光衰减器

提出一种旁路结构聚合物热光可变光衰减器 (variable optical attenuator,VOA)的设计 ,采用旁路波导可提高衰减效率并降低串扰 .软件模拟验证 ,无间距旁路 VOA衰减可达 2 8d B,比未加旁路波导的相同结构 VOA增加10 d B,但同时插入损耗增加 0 .3d B,串扰低于 - 4 4 d B,理论功耗为 4 0 m W.采用倒脊形结构研制了原理性的热光聚合物 VOA,测得衰减大于 11d B,相应输入电流为 6 6 m A,具有明显的热光效应 .     

光子晶体波导可调光衰减器

提出一种直接用光子晶体(PC)波导实现的新型可调光衰减器(VOA)。基于填充液晶的光子晶体方向带隙的可调节性,通过调节液晶指向矢的旋转角实现对光子晶体波导衰减量进行控制。采用时域有限差分法(FDTD)对其原理和结构参量进行了分析。数值模拟结果表明,随着液晶旋转角从0°～90°改变,填充液晶的光子晶体波导可以实现光通量在0.5～25.4dB的动态衰减,它插入到普通光子晶体波导之间的额外损耗只有0.2dB,尺寸仅为微米量级。     

Wideband planar lightwave circuit type variable optical attenuator using phase-generating coupler

A novel wideband planar lightwave circuit type variable optical attenuator (VOA) that incorporates a phase-generating coupler is proposed. The proposed VOA was fabricated on a 1.5%-/spl Delta/ silica-based waveguide, and obtained a low insertion loss of less than 1.2 dB and a low wavelength dependent loss of less than 0.8 dB at attenuation levels of 0 to 25 dB over the C- and L-band wavelength range.     

Micro-optical waveguide on micro-actuating platform and its application in variable optical attenuator

We present a novel variable optical attenuator (VOA) using a new micro-optical waveguide (MOW) on micro-actuating platform (MAP) structure. The device consists of a fused biconical taper (FBT) coupler mounted on an electromechanical system where the axial stress over the waist of FBT coupler is precisely controlled. Its operation is based on change of coupling constant by compressive stress induced photoelastic effects on the waist zone. Three different types of devices operating near 1450 nm were fabricated with different cross-sectional morphologies at the FBT waists. The device with a circular cross section showed the highest stress sensitivity, where π phase shifts in the coupling constant were observed at an axial displacement of 9.5 μm. The proposed device showed a monotonic and continuous attenuation control up to 34.45 dB, with a very low PDL of 0.06 dB and a relatively low operating voltage of 15.3 V.