衬底温度对溅射法生长Cu-Al-O薄膜性能的影响

使用多晶CuAlO2陶瓷靶，利用射频磁控溅射法沉积Cu-Al-O薄膜。傅立叶变换红外光谱显示薄膜中存在与CuAlO2相关的Cu-O,Al-O和O-Cu-O键。在可见光范围内Cu-Al-O薄膜具有较好的透过性，衬底温度为400℃～500℃时薄膜透过率在60％-70％之间，计算拟合得到Cu-Al-O薄膜的直接和间接带隙能分别为3．52eV和1．83eV左右，与多晶CuAlO2薄膜结果一致。在近室温区薄膜符合半导体热激活导电机制，其电导率随衬底温度的升高先增大后减小，500℃沉积的薄膜导电性较好，室温电导率达到2．36×10^-3S·cm^-1，这可能源于Cu-Al-O薄膜中与CuAlO2相关的键合形成情况的改善。     

衬底温度对溅射法生长Cu-Al-O薄膜性能的影响

使用多晶CuAlO2陶瓷靶,利用射频磁控溅射法沉积Cu-Al-O薄膜.傅立叶变换红外光谱显示薄膜中存在与CuAlO2相关的Cu-O,Al-O和O-Cu-O键.在可见光范围内Cu-Al-O薄膜具有较好的透过性,衬底温度为400℃～500℃时薄膜透过率在60%～70%之间,计算拟合得到Cu-Al-O薄膜的直接和间接带隙能分别为3.52 eV和1.83 eV左右,与多晶CuAlO2薄膜结果一致.在近室温区薄膜符合半导体热激活导电机制,其电导率随衬底温度的升高先增大后减小,500℃沉积的薄膜导电性较好,室温电导率达到2.36×10-3 S·cm-1,这可能源于Cu-Al-O薄膜中与CuAlO2相关的键合形成情况的改善.     

新型LaAlO3基混合导体的制备和导电性能

以高温固相反应法制备了混合导电性陶瓷La0.8Sr0.2A10.97Zn0.03O3-δ(LSAZ),并使用XRD、SEM和交流复阻抗技术对样品的物相、微观形貌、电导性能进行了表征.粉末XRD结果表明,LSAZ陶瓷为单一的六方钙钛矿型结构.采用氧浓差电池测定了LSAZ在700～900 ℃范围内的离子迁移数,研究了其氧离子导电特性.结果表明,LSAZ在空气气氛中是一个氧离子和电子空穴的混合导体,氧离子迁移数在0.6左右,并随温度的升高而逐渐增大.在850℃时,LSAZ的总电导率达到1.0×10-2 S/cm,氧离子电导率为6.4×10-3 S/cm,氧离子电导活化能为0.96 eV.     

CuCr_(1-x)Mg_xO_2(0≤x≤0.09)薄膜的光电性能

采用射频磁控溅射方法,在石英衬底上制备Mg掺杂的CuCrO2薄膜。通过XRD、紫外吸收光谱及电学性能的测量表征该系列薄膜样品的结构与光电性能。结果表明:退火处理后所有薄膜样品的结晶性良好,均为3R型铜铁矿结构;薄膜的电导率随掺杂量的增加而增大。当x=0.09时,样品的室温电导率可达6.16×10-2S/cm,比未掺杂的CuCrO2提高近400倍,且霍耳测试表明所制备的薄膜为p型导电体。电导率随温度变化关系表明:薄膜样品在200～300K的温度范围内均很好地符合Arrhenius热激活规律;当x=0.09时,最低激活能仅为0.034eV。薄膜的可见光透过率与光学带隙宽度均随掺杂量的增加而减小。     

配合物燃烧法合成钙钛矿型化合物Gd1-xCaxCrO3(0.1≤x≤0.4)及其电学性能

以配合物燃烧法合成了Ca2+取代的铬酸钆Gd1-xCaxCrO3,在0.1≤x≤0.3时获得纯钙钛矿相,其晶胞体积随Ca含量增加而减小,x≥0.4时,出现第二相.粉体粒径为20nm～50nm,具有高的烧结活性,1400℃烧结4h,其相对密度达到94.8%.在Ca掺杂量小于0.3时(x=0.1,0.2,0.3),相对密度和电导率皆随Ca含量增加而增大,与常用的铬酸镧相比,Gd0.7Ca0.3CrO3电导率高,在700℃可达24 Scn-1(相对密度94%),能适于用做中温固体氧化物燃料电池的连接材料.     

新型混合导电陶瓷Sm_(1-x)Sr_xAl_(1-y)Fe_yO_(3-δ)的制备及电性能

采用有机凝胶法结合固相烧结技术制备Sm1-xSrxAl1-yFeyO3-δ(SSAF,x=0.10~0.20,y=0.10~0.70)系列新型混合导电陶瓷。利用TG—DTA、XRD、FTIR、Archimedes法和直流四线法分别对凝胶前驱体的热分解及相转化过程、烧结体的相结构、相对密度和电导率进行表征,研究烧结温度及Sr和Fe掺杂量对样品的结构、电性能及输运机制的影响。结果表明:凝胶前驱体在900℃焙烧5h可以形成结晶良好的四方钙钛矿相纳米粉体;随着烧结温度的升高,Sm0.9Sr0.1Al0.5Fe0.5O3-δ(SSAF9155)陶瓷的电导率和相对密度都先增大后减小,1450℃烧结5h制得的SSAF9155陶瓷具有最高的电导率和相对密度;SSAF陶瓷的电导率主要取决于p型电导,且随Sr和Fe掺杂量的增加而增大,在中低温段电导率随着温度的升高而增大,遵从Arrhenius关系,导电行为符合p型小极化子跳跃导电机制;样品的表观活化能随着Fe掺杂量的增加而减小,随着Sr掺杂量的增加而增大。     

p型宽带隙半导体CuAl_(1-x)Fe_xO_2的光电性能研究

采用固相反应合成了CuAl1-xFeO2单相多晶材料,系统报道了该系列样品的X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外吸收光谱以及电学性能的测量.结果表明,Fe3+取代CuAlO2中的Al3+,不改变材料的晶体结构.随着掺杂量的增加,材料的光学带隙宽度逐渐减小,导电性能明显提高.当x=0.10时,样品的室温电导率达到3.38×10-1 S·cm-1;所有掺杂样品的电导率随温度变化曲线在近室温区,很好地符合Arrhenius关系,其热激活能为20～32 meV;Hall系数均为正值,表明所有样品都为P型半导体.     

热电氧化物SmBaCuFe_(1-x)Co_xO_(5+δ)的制备与电学性能

利用溶胶-凝胶法和固相烧结法制备了单相钙钛矿型Sm Ba Cu Fe1-xCoxO5+δ(x=0,0.3,0.5,0.7)陶瓷。样品的致密度较高,均在90%以上。在303~1023 K的温度范围内测试了其电导率和Seebeck系数。样品的电导率随着x值的增大而明显增加,在1023 K时电导率从0.75 S/cm提高到了41.24 S/cm。拟合电阻率与温度的关系,得到的激活能值随着x值的增大加而明显降低,从0.38 e V降低到0.23 e V。综合电导率和Seebeck系数,确定了Fe位替换Co的最佳浓度在x=0.3附近,Sm Ba Cu Fe0.7Co0.3O5+δ样品的功率因子随着温度升高而增加,在1023 K时最高可达0.241μW·cm-1·K-2。     

富钛BaO-TiO2（Ti／Ba=4-4．5）系微波介质陶瓷

采用固相反应法制备了富钛BaTi4＋xO9＋2x（x=0．0-0．50）微波介质陶瓷，探讨了TiO2含量以及烧结温度对物相组成和介电性能的影响。在1300～1350℃烧结BaTi4＋xO9＋2x陶瓷即可达到约98％的相对密度。当x≤0．28时，BaTi4＋xO9＋2x陶瓷为BaTi4O9单相。随TiO2含量的增加，BaTi4＋xO9＋2x陶瓷从BaTi4O9单相逐渐转变成以BaTi4O9为主相，同时出现TiO2和Ba2Ti9O20相，并且随烧结温度提高，TiO2含量较多的试样中出现更多的Ba2Ti9O20相。随TiO2含量的增加介电常数逐渐增大，而Qf值呈下降趋势。Qf值从x=0．0时的约40000GHz逐渐降低至x=0．50时的15000GHz。     

LaNi5-xFex（=1～1.8）合金相结构及电化学性能

研究了LaNi5-xFex（x=1.0,1.2,1.4,1.6,1.8）合金中Fe部分代替Ni对LaNi5型电极合金相结构及电化学性能的影响。结果表明：当x=1.0时,合金由LaNi5和La2Ni7相组成;当x=1.2时,开始出现（Fe,Ni）相;当x=1.6时,还开始出现La2Ni3相。随x增大LaNi5相逐渐减少、La2Ni7和（Fe,Ni）相逐渐增多。随Fe含量的增大,电极合金放电容量减小,扩散系数减小,交换电流密度呈先减小后增大的趋势,当x=1.4时,电极合金的交换电流密度达到最小值。Fe含量对合金电极高倍率放电性能HRD值的影响与对合金电极交换电流密度的影响趋势一致,这表明电极合金表面的电化学反应对合金的动力学性能影响更大。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.