Experimental study on mechanical behavior of high performance concrete under multi-axial compressive stress

Experimental investigation was conducted to characterize the responses of high performance concrete(HPC) subjected to multiaxial compressive stresses. The HPC specimens were prepared with three different mix proportions, which corresponds to three different uniaxial compressive strengths. The cubic specimens with size of 100 mm for each edge were tested with servo-hydraulic actuators at different stress ratios. The principal stresses and strains of the specimens were recorded, and the failure of the cubic specimens under various stress states was examined. The experimental results indicated that the stress states and stress ratios had significant influence on the strength and deformation of HPC under biaxial and triaxial compression, especially under triaxial compression. Failure criteria were proposed for the HPC specimens under biaxial and triaxial compressive loading. The test results provided a valuable reference for obtaining multi-axial constitutive law for HPC.     

风积沙混凝土轴心受压力学性能研究

试验设计风积沙和粉煤灰内掺替代等质量的河砂及水泥,制备了10组风积沙-粉煤灰混凝土,进行60d风积沙-粉煤灰混凝土轴心抗压试验,开展风积沙-粉煤灰混凝土轴心受压破坏形貌、微观结构、应力-应变关系、轴心抗压强度、峰值应变、弹性模量、泊松比等内容的试验研究。结果表明：弹性阶段各掺量风积沙混凝土应力-应变曲线基本趋于一致,进入弹塑性阶段后,风积沙混凝土较基准混凝土应力增长较快,混凝土脆性增加。轴心抗压强度、弹性模量及泊松比随风积沙掺量增加呈现先增大后减小的变化趋势,随粉煤灰掺量增加在降低。最后,对过镇海经典模型上升段本构参数A进行二次演化,建立了本构参数与轴心抗压强度和风积沙掺量之间的演化模型,得出风积沙混凝土应力-应变上升段本构方程。     

Damage and failure rule of rock undergoing uniaxial compressive load and dynamic load

1INTRODUCTION Naturalrockinlithosphereiscommonlyinthetri dimensionalstressstate,butthatofthewallrockaroundundergroundstructuresisoftentrans formedtouni dimensionalstatewhenundergroundstructureprojectsareputinpracticeororeisminedout.Butwhenthestressstateofrocktrans formsfromhighdimension stolowdimension s,ifcertainconditionsaresatisfied,rockburstwillpos siblyoccur[1].Inordertoinvestigatetherockburstoccurrencemechanism,theuniaxialloadingtestisoftencarriedouttosimulateapproximatelytherockburs…     

混凝土与钢纤维混凝土双轴拉伸与拉压作用的试验研究

对素混凝土与钢纤维混凝土在双轴拉伸与拉压应力作用下的性能进行了试验研究。试验结果表明：混凝土双轴拉拉伸强度低于单轴拉伸强度，在双轴拉压区段抗压强度随拉应力的增加而降低，钢纤维的掺入（掺量不太高）对混凝土的破坏形态影响不很明显，但使混凝土限拉应变有所增加，同时给出了混凝土在双轴拉伸与拉压区段实用的极限强度准则。     

早龄期混凝土力学性能试验及其单轴本构模型

为了研究早龄期混凝土的立方体抗压强度、轴心抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度、静力受压弹性模量以及单轴受压应力应变曲线的规律,进行了系统的加载试验和试验数据分析.总结了早龄期阶段力学指标随龄期的变化规律以及与立方体抗压强度之间的换算关系,通过拟合相关参数,提出了分段式的受压应力应变全曲线拟合公式,拟合结果与试验数据吻合较好.试验结果表明,早龄期C40混凝土的强度和弹性模量随着龄期非线性增长,7 d是增长变化的分界时点;随着龄期的增长,峰值应变减少,脆性变大;早龄期C40混凝土的单轴受压应力应变曲线与充分养护龄期混凝土形状相似.     

再生混凝土单轴力学性能指标统一计算方法

对大量再生混凝土单轴力学性能试验资料进行整理分析,基于统计分析方法,在借鉴普通混凝土力学模型的基础上,对不同取代率下再生混凝土的各种力学性能指标进行统一分析,提出了适用于不同取代率下再生混凝土的立方体抗压强度、轴心抗压强度、轴心抗拉强度、劈裂抗拉强度、弹性模量、轴心受压峰值应变和轴心受拉峰值应变的统一计算公式,建立了再生混凝土单轴受压、受拉的应力‐应变全曲线表达式,并将公式计算结果与试验结果进行对比。结果表明：计算结果与试验结果吻合较好;提出的再生混凝土单轴力学性能指标统一计算公式精度较高。     

Effects of Frost-damage on Mechanical Performance of Concrete

The aim of this study is to provide the quantificational change laws of strength,stiffness,and deformation capacity of frost-damaged concrete relating to a united index,the data were obtained by different researchers.Then the index of relative compressive strength(RCS) was introduced as the indicator of frost damage and a large number of mechanical performance testing data of frost-damaged concrete were collected and analyzed.By curve fitting,the correlations between RCS and the initial elastic modulus,the strain at peak compressive stress,and biaxial compressive strength,and tensile strength,and the strain at peak tensile stress were established.Thereafter,the analytical stress-strain response of frost-damaged concrete under monotonic loading was presented using RCS and compared with that of the experimental data.Moreover,an isotropic elastoplastic damage model of frost-damaged concrete subjected to repeated loading was established.Finally,we can systematically estimate the effects of frost-damage on the mechanical performance of concrete,which can be provided for the numerical simulation of frost-damaged concrete structures.     

混凝土SHPB试验的数值模拟

利用有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA,运用HJC本构模型,对混凝土试件的SHPB试验进行数值模拟,重构了混凝土在低、中、中高以及高应变率下的应力应变曲线,并且对试件的破坏形态进行了模拟。研究表明,HJC模型可以很好地模拟混凝土材料的力学性能,重构的应力应变曲线在曲线形态和峰值应力上均与SHPB试验拟合良好,数值模拟得到的混凝土的破坏形态也与SHPB试验一致,确定该强度混凝土材料HJC本构模型材料参数的方法具有通用性。     

混凝土在双向应力作用下新的破坏准则和弹塑性本构关系

讨论了混凝土在双向应力作用下的破坏准则和弹塑性本构关系。根据混凝土的破坏特性，提出一个包含二个物理参数的破坏准则。在此基础上，通过构造塑性位势导出了混凝土在双向应力作用下弹塑性本构关系。最后，该破坏准则和本构关系与混凝土实验进行了比较，从而证实了它们的有效性。     

Analysis of progressive failure of pillar and instability criterion based on gradient-dependent plasticity

A mechanical model for strain softening pillar is proposed considering the characteristics of progressive shear failure and strain localization. The pillar undergoes elastic, strain softening and slabbing stages. In the elastic stage, vertical compressive stress and deformation at upper end of pillar are uniform, while in the strain softening stage there appears nonuniform due to occurrence of shear bands, leading to the decrease of load-carrying capacity.In addition, the size of failure zone increases in the strain softening stage and reaches its maximum value when slabbing begins. In the latter two stages, the size of elastic core always decreases. In the slabbing stage, the size of failure zone remains a constant and the pillar becomes thinner. Total deformation of the pillar is derived by linearly elastic Hooke‘s law and gradient-dependent plasticity where thickness of localization band is determined according to the characteristic length. Post-peak stiffness is proposed according to analytical solution of averaged compressive stressaverage deformation curve. Instability criterion of the pillar and roof strata system is proposed analytically using instability condition given by Salamon. It is found that the constitutive parameters of material of pillar, the geometrical size of pillar and the number of shear bands influence the stability of the system; stress gradient controls the starting time of slabbing, however it has no influence on the post-peak stiffness of the pillar.     

波纹钢板-混凝土界面黏结滑移性能试验

为研究波纹钢板-混凝土界面黏结滑移性能,综合考虑混凝土强度、保护层厚度及钢板埋置长度,设计了10个波纹钢板混凝土试件进行推出试验,研究其破坏形态、受力机理、应变分布、黏结强度与黏结滑移本构关系等关键问题。结果表明：波纹钢板混凝土组合构件主要发生黏结劈裂破坏和黏结锚固破坏,试件荷载-滑移曲线可分为微滑移段、滑移段、陡降段、缓降段及残余段;在荷载上升段,波纹钢板应变沿埋置长度呈指数分布形式,钢板自由端应变可能出现过零点现象;通过分析混凝土强度、保护层厚度及钢板埋置长度对波纹钢板-混凝土界面黏结强度的影响,线性拟合得出特征黏结强度计算式,理论值与试验值误差较小;基于波纹钢板-混凝土界面黏结滑移本构模型,通过ABAQUS软件对典型试件进行数值模拟,有限元模型曲线与试验曲线吻合度较高。     

Experimental investigation on strength and deformation of plain high-strength concrete under multiaxial stress state

To investigate the strength and deformation behavior of plain high-strength concrete (HSC) under multiaxial stress states,a large static-dynamic true triaxial machine was employed,and multiaxial tests were performed on 100 mm×100 mm×100 mm cubes concrete specimens.Friction-reducing pads were three-layer plastic membranes with glycerine in-between for the compressive loading plane.The tensile loading plane of concrete samples was processed by attrition machine,and then the samples were glued up with the loading plate with structural glue.Failure modes of specimens were described.The principal static compressive strengths,strains at the peak stress and stress-strain curves were measured,and the influence of stress ratios on them was analyzed as well.Experimental results show that the ratio of the compressive strength σ3f over the uniaxial compressive strength fc depends on brittleness-stiffness of concrete besides stress state and stress ratios.The formula of Kupfer-Gerstle’s and Ottosen’s failure criterion for plain HSC under biaxial compression and multiaxial stress state is proposed respectively.     

反复荷载作用下碳化混凝土应力-应变关系试验

为研究碳化对混凝土反复受压力学性能的影响,对两种强度等级混凝土棱柱体试件进行了快速碳化与反复加卸载试验.结果表明:随着混凝土碳化深度增大,试件破坏脆性越明显,混凝土初始弹性模量、割线模量以及峰值应力均有不同程度增长,而其峰值应变却明显降低,共同点轨迹线越发偏离包络线,包络线下降段明显变陡,卸载曲线越发凹曲,再加载曲线更为平缓,变形恢复滞后现象越来越明显.在试验研究基础上,提出反复荷载作用下碳化混凝土应力-应变关系数学函数模型.     

超高应变率下岩石的破坏机理

通过对大理石的轻气炮试验进行三维数值仿真重现,探索了岩石在超高应变率下的破坏机理.大理石试样中两个高速应力计的实测应力信号被用作数值模拟的匹配目标,结果表明,在高速冲击压缩载荷下,细观静水压破坏是大理石的主要破坏机制,而不是通常认为的细观剪切或拉伸破坏.此外,为再现不同冲击速度下大理石的物理实验观测数据,提出了新的考虑...     

一种新的混凝土二维强度准则

混凝土破坏起因于两种不同裂缝形态,即张开型裂缝和滑移型裂缝,二维应力状态下混凝土的破坏可分为拉伸破坏和剪切破坏,由此发展了一类混凝土二维强度准则模型,其参数可通过混凝土二维受压时的最大强度和相对应的应力比及受压强度影响系数确定;同时,该模型能反映混凝土破坏特征,可分别与已有强度准则和试验结果具有相近的结果,并便于工程应用.     

混凝土三向应力破坏的强度计算准则

本文用椭圆抛物面作为混凝土三向应力时的强度破坏面。该曲面能较好地描述和解释混凝土的数学力学特性。这一强度准则的应用仅需要两个或三个混凝土强度值,即抗压强度、抗拉强度和二向等值抗压强度;在二向等值抗压强度缺乏实验资料时也可不用。本方法的计算结果和混凝土二向、三向应力的实验研究数据符合得相当好。     

混凝土四参数动态本构模型

在混凝土动力抗拉抗压试验的基础上,根据一致黏塑性本构模型的概念,考虑静水压力和应变率的影响,推导了改进的一致率型HTC四参数模型,并与试验的应力应变曲线进行比较,结果表明模型能够较好地反应混凝土的动力特性;最后,用此模型对混凝土简支梁进行非线性动力反应分析,并与线弹性模型和率无关HTC四参数模型进行比较,探讨应变率对其动力特性的影响.结果表明考虑应变率的影响后,梁的位移、应力大小都发生了较大的变化.     

冻融环境下沙漠砂对混凝土轴心受压力学性能的影响

为研究沙漠砂对混凝土抗冻性能的影响,采用快速冻融方法,进行掺沙漠砂混凝土冻融后轴心抗压强度试验,得到不同冻融循环作用下掺沙漠砂混凝土破坏特征和应力-应变曲线,分析不同冻融循环下掺沙漠砂混凝土表面损伤特征、质量损失率、动弹性模量损失率和超声波波速损失率的变化规律.结果表明:随着冻融循环次数增加,掺沙漠砂混凝土质量损失率变化较小,动弹性模量损失率、超声波波速损失率、相对峰值应变和极限应变均增大,相对峰值应力和横向变形系数均减小,弹性模量先增大后减小;在相同冻融循环次数下,掺沙漠砂混凝土弹性模量损失率、超声波波速损失率和相对峰值应变均小于普通混凝土,相对峰值应力、横向变形系数和弹性模量比普通混凝土高.采用过镇海提出的单轴受压本构模型拟合得到应力-应变全曲线方程,分析冻融循环对应力-应变曲线控制参数的影响,可对沙漠砂混凝土结构的抗冻性能进行分析.     

Behavior of concrete and concrete-filled circular steel tubular stub columns at constant high temperatures

Based on reanalyzing test results of uniaxial compressive behavior of concrete at constant high temperatures in China, with the compressive cube strength of concrete from 20 to 80 MPa, unified formulas for uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus, strain at peak uniaxial compression and mathematical expression for unaxial compressive stress-strain relations for the concrete at constant high temperatures were studied. Furthermore, the axial stress-axial strain relations between laterally confined concrete under axial compression and multiaxial stress-strain relations for steel at constant high temperatures were studied. Finally, based on continuum mechanics, the mechanics model for concentric cylinders of circular steel tube with concrete core of entire section loaded at constant high temperatures was established. Applying elasto-plastic analysis method, a FORTRAN program was developed, and the concrete-filled circular steel tubular （CFST） stub colunms at constant high temperatures were analyzed. The analysis results are in agreement with the experiment ones from references.     

Mechanical Behavior and Failure Criterion of High Performance Concrete Under Biaxial Tension-Compression Loading Condition

The mechanical behavior and failure criterion of high performance concrete(HPC)subjected to biaxial tension-compression loading conditions were investigated experimentally with a real triaxial testing system.The failure modes,ultimate strength and stress-strain curves of HPC under biaxial tension-compression loading conditions were obtained.Then,mechanical behavior of HPC under different stress ratios were analyzed.Finally,based on the Kupfers strength criterion for conventional concrete and test results,a novel failure criterion was proposed for HPC under biaxial tension-compression loading conditions.