贫稀土钕铁硼合金与Nd_(67)Cu_(33)混粉热变形磁体组织演变过程及其对磁体矫顽力的影响

分别真空感应快淬贫稀土钕铁硼合金Nd_(11.5)Fe_(81.8)B_(6.0)Nb_(0.7)与Nd_(67)Cu_(33)薄带,然后制备Nd_(67)Cu_(33)含量0,3%,6%,9%,12%(质量分数)的混粉热变形磁体,分析讨论了贫稀土钕铁硼合金与Nd_(67)Cu_(33)混粉变形磁体中组织演变过程及其对磁体矫顽力的影响。研究结果表明,在热变形过程中当变形量由0增到30%时,混粉热变形磁体中Nd-Cu的扩散导致与之相邻区域的α-Fe晶粒尺寸减小、局部出现富稀土相、2∶14∶1相中稀土含量部分补偿性增加,整个磁体中α-Fe相体积分数减少、2∶14∶1相与软磁相α-Fe交换耦合作用增强,混粉热变形磁体的矫顽力随变形量的增加而增大;当变形量进一步增加,在双相磁体中富稀土相消失,2∶14∶1相和α-Fe相晶粒尺寸增大,一旦α-Fe晶粒尺寸超过交换耦合的临界尺寸将导致双相交换耦合作用恶化,2∶14∶1相晶粒尺寸增大导致其对磁体矫顽力的贡献降低,整个混粉热变形磁体的矫顽力随变形量的增加而大幅度下降;当变形量达到70%时,混粉热压热变形磁体随Nd_(67)Cu_(33)添加量的增加尽管2∶14∶1等效平均晶粒尺寸增大但磁体的矫顽力不断提高,原因在于随Nd_(67)Cu_(33)的增加磁体分别出现α-Fe消失、富稀土晶界相出现、且富稀土晶界相体积分数增大,富稀土晶界相的去磁耦合作用增强。     

Nb,Zr添加量对粉末烧结Nd(Dy,Gd)-Fe(Nb,Zr,Al,Cu)-B晶界相形成和矫顽力的影响

制备了复合添加0.8%(原子分数)Nb+0.9%(原子分数)Zr和复合添加1.5%(原子分数)Nb+1.2%(原子分数)Zr的两种粉末烧结Nd(Dy,Gd)Fe(Nb,Zr,Al,Cu)B永磁体,通过对它们的微观结构、微区成分以及磁性能的分析,研究了Nb、Zr添加量对磁体晶界相形成的影响以及晶界新相与磁体矫顽力之间的关...     

烧结钕铁硼磁体溅射渗镝工艺与磁性能研究

采用直流磁控溅射的方法,在烧结Nd-Fe-B磁体表面制备了Dy薄膜,对比研究了N35烧结态与回火态磁体晶界扩散后组织形貌与性能的变化。N35烧结态与回火态磁体经溅射渗Dy处理后,在剩磁仅降低0.009T和0.03T的情况下,矫顽力大幅度提高,分别提高了708.44kA/m和665.46kA/m,渗Dy处理后磁体中的Dy元素平均质量分数增加不超过0.4%。SEM和EDS能谱的分析结果表明,晶界组织形貌的改善和(Nd,Dy)2Fe14B外延层的形成是矫顽力提升的主要原因。EPMA元素面分布结果显示,Dy主要富集在富Nd相处,三叉型富Nd相处Dy含量最高,而Dy没有扩散到主相晶粒内部,不会导致剩磁大幅度降低,从而有效提高了磁体的综合磁性能。     

Ga对HDDR磁粉热变形磁体磁性能和微观结构的影响

利用HDDR工艺制备出Nd32FebalBGax(x=0.0、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%(质量分数))磁粉,并且对HDDR磁粉进行热压/热变形处理制备出全密度各向异性磁体。研究了热变形温度和Ga含量对Nd-Fe-B热变形磁体磁性能的影响,观测了不同Ga含量热变形磁体的微观结构,探讨了微量元素Ga的添加对用HDDR磁粉制备的热变形磁体微观结构和磁性能的影响机制。研究发现,Ga的添加能够明显减小热变形磁体的主相晶粒尺寸,改善磁体的微观织构,并可以同时提高热变形磁体的剩磁和矫顽力。当Ga含量为0.6%(质量分数)时,热变形磁体的磁能积达到最大值228.3kJ/m3。     

高性能各向同性及各向异性Nd-Fe-B/Fe复合磁体的制备

采用将Nd-Fe-B磁粉与Fe粉混合的方法,并结合真空感应热压烧结技术制得高性能的各向同性及各向异性复合磁体。研究了Fe粉含量对热压磁体磁性能的影响,以及温度和压力对磁体致密度和磁性能的影响。结果表明,适量的Fe粉添加(3%,质量分数)可提高热压磁体磁性能;升高温度或提高压力均可大幅提高磁体致密度,但过高的烧结温度使晶粒快速长大,恶化磁体磁性能,而温度过低磁体难易全致密化。在最佳热压温度及压力下制备的热压磁体具有最佳的磁性能:Br=0.852T,Hcj=798kA/m,(BH)m=131.5kJ/m3,磁体密度达7.72g/cm3;热变形后,最大磁能积达331kJ/m3。     

DyF3对三明治结构热变形NdFeB磁体温度稳定性和耐腐蚀性能的影响

为了提高热变形NdFeB磁体的热稳定性和耐腐蚀性能,设计了一种添加DyF₃的三明治结构热变形磁体。通过对磁体上下端添加不同含量DyF₃粉末,调控磁体上下端晶界相的相组成、结构及成分,提高磁体的耐腐蚀性能,另一方面Dy元素部分扩散进入主相,形成了(Nd, Dy)₂Fe₁₄B相提高磁体磁晶各向异性场,优化热变形磁体的温度稳定性。利用脉冲磁场磁强计测试三明治结构热变形磁体的磁性能,得到高达2.16 T的矫顽力。利用电化学工作站测试三明治结构热变形磁体的极化曲线,其腐蚀电流速率较基体降低一个数量极。失重实验测试168 h后,近表面添加5%(质量分数)DyF₃的三明治结构热变形磁体单位表面积失重(0.061 mg·cm^-2)远低于基体单位表面积失重(1.172 mg·cm^-2)。微观结构分析表明,富Nd相和F元素、O元素和Dy元素分别生成NdF₃和Dy₂O₃化合物。XRD分析表明...     

各向异性致密(NdDy)_(11.5)Fe_(81.5)Nb_1B_6磁体的制备

采用热压热变形技术,制得了各向异性致密(NdDy)11.5Fe81.5Nb1B6+2%(质量分数)Zn磁体,并研究了热压及热变形磁体的微观结构以及不同形变量对磁体磁性能和微观结构的影响。结果表明,Zn的添加使热压磁体磁性能下降,但使热变形磁体磁性能大幅增加;热变形磁体磁性能的增加是由于良好c轴取向和微观结构的形成。此类磁体磁性能和微观结构随形变量的增加表现出与传统磁体类似的规律,即剩磁增加、矫顽力下降,c轴取向不断增强。尽管如此,在热变形的起始阶段,由于Zn的扩散使磁体矫顽力有较大幅度增加。磁体的形变量过大达75%时,磁体磁性能会因为晶粒严重长大而下降。     

NdH纳米助剂回收制备烧结钕铁硼永磁体的研究

采用NdH纳米掺杂的方法对废旧烧结钕铁硼磁体进行了回收制备。研究了不同NdH纳米粉掺杂量对再制造烧结钕铁硼磁性能的影响。随着NdH纳米粉末掺杂量的增多,烧结磁体矫顽力从926.54 kA/m增加到1 299.87 kA/m;剩磁首先相对稳定在1.296 T,在掺杂量2.0%(质量分数)后,剩磁逐渐下降。与原始磁体相比,2.0%(质量分数)NdH纳米粉掺杂磁体性能最佳,矫顽力回复97.5%,剩磁回复95.9%,磁能积回复89.7%。通过计算,掺杂3.0%(质量分数)NdH纳米粉后,再制造烧结磁体中富钕相体积分数从3.03%增加到5.70%,然而其晶粒尺寸从8.18μm增长至11.68μm。结合微观分析与磁性能,2.0%(质量分数)NdH纳米粉掺杂磁体性能最好。     

含Ti和C的纳米复合Nd2Fe14B／α—Fe磁体研究

研究Ti和C添加对Nd9.4Fe79.6B11合金磁性能的影响规律。结果表明:Ti和C联合添加能够在不降低合金剩磁的情况下显著提高合金的矫顽力,最佳工艺条件下制备出的Nd9.4Fe75.6Ti4B10.5C0.5合金薄带的剩磁Br=0.91T,矫顽力Hcj=975.6kA/m,磁能积(BH)max=135.4kJ/m3。在磁体密度为6.1g/cm3时,黏结Nd9.4Fe75.6Ti4B10.5C0.5磁体剩磁Br=0.68T,内禀矫顽力Hcj=975kA/m,最大磁能积(BH)max=76 kJ/m3,性能和MQ-D磁粉制备的黏结磁体性能相当,具有低价位高性能的特点。     

含Ti和C的纳米复合Nd_2Fe_(14)B/α-Fe磁体研究EI北大核心

研究Ti和C添加对Nd9.4Fe79.6B11合金磁性能的影响规律。结果表明:Ti和C联合添加能够在不降低合金剩磁的情况下显著提高合金的矫顽力,最佳工艺条件下制备出的Nd9.4Fe75.6Ti4B10.5C0.5合金薄带的剩磁Br=0.91T,矫顽力Hcj=975.6kA/m,磁能积(BH)max=135.4kJ/m3。在磁体密度为6.1g/cm3时,黏结Nd9.4Fe75.6Ti4B10.5C0.5磁体剩磁Br=0.68T,内禀矫顽力Hcj=975kA/m,最大磁能积(BH)max=76 kJ/m3,性能和MQ-D磁粉制备的黏结磁体性能相当,具有低价位高性能的特点。     

Novel Mg-based alloys by selective laser melting for biomedical applications: microstructure evolution,microhardness and in vitro degradation behaviour

Laser-melted Mg-3Zn-xDy (x?=?0, 1, 3, 5?wt. %) alloys were investigated as candidate materials for biodegradable metallic implant applications. The results showed that the α-Mg, MgZn₂ and Mg-Zn-Dy phases were distributed in the Dy-containing alloys. Due to the addition of Dy, the grain size was significantly refined. As the grain size decreased and the second phase content increased, the hardness monotonously increased. The degradation characteristics analysis via immersion testing indicated that the degradation rate of the laser-melted Mg-3Zn-1Dy alloys was remarkably reduced, evidenced by the corresponding lower average hydrogen evolution rate. Consequently, the Mg-3Zn-1Dy was considered to be a promising candidate for implant applications, due to the appropriate rate of mechanical integrity loss during degradation. Overall, the mitigated degradation rate was attributed to the refined grains, the homogeneous microstructure as well as a certain amount of second phase produced during the process of selective laser melting.     

Phase relationship,magnetic properties and Mössbauer studies in as cast and directionally solidified Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.95

Tb_0.3Dy_0.7Fe_1.95 alloy was cast and directionally solidified by modified Bridgman technique at different solidification rates and investigated for microstructural features and magnetic properties. The phase relationship between the co-existing phases viz., (Tb,Dy)Fe₂, (Tb,Dy)Fe₃ and (Tb,Dy)-rich are studied as a function of solidification rate to evolve a structure–property correlation. Higher solidification rate improves <110> grain texture and favour large magnetostriction. The magnetization and Mössbauer studies indicate no perceptible change in Fe magnetic moment, with a slight deviation in the 1:3 intensity ratio of the two sextets. Comparing the Mössbauer and microstructural results a relationship has been established between the intensity ratio and the volume fraction of the deleterious minor phase (Tb,Dy)Fe₃ in (Tb,Dy)Fe₂ microstructure.     

Structural and electrical characteristics of dysprosium-doped barium stannate titanate ceramics

Effects of dysprosium (Dy) amphoteric doping on the structural, dielectric and electric properties of barium stannate titanate (BTS) ceramics have been studied. X-ray diffraction analyses reveal that all Dy-doped BTS ceramics exhibit cubic perovskite structure until to 1 mol%. Dy doping at the A site shows lower solubility than that at the B site. SEM surface morphologies display that the Dy B site doping is beneficial for the compact and homogeneous grain distribution. The dielectric constant and loss tangent are reduced with increase of the doping levels. Impedance spectroscopy investigation demonstrates that all samples are insulating at room temperature. Doping alters the full resistive regions of pure BTS ceramics to Doped BTS with insulating grain boundaries and semiconducting bulk regions, but the doping contents has little effect on changing the electric structures.     

Spectrally resolved luminescence of undoped and Dy3+ doped Na2SO4

Structural phase transitions influence the luminescence characteristics by modifying the spectra, sensitivity and luminescence efficiency in each phase. This has implications for dosimetric materials both for sensitivity and reproducibility. Previous work with dosemeter materials has not documented effects of different phases on thermoluminescence but Na2SO4 exists in several phases in the temperature range of interest for thermoluminescence dosimetry. Therefore spectrally resolved TL and radiothermoluminescence analyses of undoped and Dy3+ doped Na2SO4 have been performed. Dramatic differences between TL of slow cooled and quenched Na2SO4:Dy are explained in terms of the initial phase of the samples at room temperature. For undoped material the effect of phase conversions during heating shift the wavelengths of the emission bands. A model of Dy in small precipitate phases is considered.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dy-α-sialon/Nano-size SiC Composites

The composite of Dy-α-sialon/10 wt pct nano-size SiC particles has been prepared from precursor powders of Si3N4, AIN, Al2O3, Dy2O3 and nano-size β-SiC. The hardness, toughness and bending strength of the composite at ambient temperature are a little higher than those of Dy-α-sialon.while the bending strength is maintained up to 1000℃ and about 2 times more than that of Dy-α-sialon at the same temperature. The fracture surfaces show that the grain size of the composite is smaller than that of Dy-α-sialon, and both Of them have predominately transgranular mode of fracture. It is believed that the decrease of the bending strength of Dy-α-sialon at elevated temperature is caused by the viscous flow of the grain boundary phase, while the addition of nanosize SiC particles effectively increases the viscosity of the grain boundary phase and therefore prevents the strength loss of Dy-α-sialon/nano-size SiC composites at elevated temperature     

稀土Dy对Cu-Cr-Ti合金时效态组织和性能的影响

为了研究稀土Dy对Cu-Cr-Ti合金组织和性能的影响,采用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪对添加不同含量Dy的时效态Cu-Cr-Ti合金析出相形貌、组织和成分进行了表征和分析,并对合金的硬度和导电率进行了测试.研究表明:Cu-0.3Cr-0.2Ti合金中形成新相CuTi3;富Dy相以4种形态存在,在Cu基体上以球形、柳叶状、颗粒状存在,晶界上以短棒状析出.经500℃保温1h时效处理后,Cu-0.3Cr-0.2Ti合金中0.1%Dy的添加有效地提高了合金的硬度和导电率,其硬度和导电率分别达138.8HV和98.3%IACS.     

Phase evolution and magnetic property of Bi1 − xDyxFeO3 ceramics

Rare-earth ion Dy was substituted at the bismuth site in BiFeO₃ to produce Bi_1 − xDy_xFeO₃ (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) polycrystalline ceramics. A two-stage solid-state reaction method was adopted in synthesizing the materials. The effects of varying the Dy doping concentration on the crystalline structures, morphologies and magnetic properties of the final products have been investigated. It is found that Dy doping resulted in a sequence of structural phase transitions and led to small grain sizes in the materials. As a result, the magnetic property of the doped samples was much enhanced. Therefore, it seems a promising way to improve the weak ferromagnetic property of BiFeO₃ based materials by Dy doping.     

Influence of Cr alloying on the oxidation resistance of Sn–8Zn–3Bi solders

Influence of Cr alloying on the oxidation behavior of Sn–8Zn–3Bi–xCr (SZBxCr) (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) solders under 250 °C has been investigated. It was found that the poor oxidation resistance of the solders is attributed to the oxidation of Zn–rich phase and other Zn atoms which diffused to the β-Sn matrix grain boundaries which form ZnO. With Cr addition, two types of Sn–Zn–Cr phases, along the grain boundaries of β-Sn matrix and across the Zn-rich phase, were detected in Cr-bearing solder alloys, which prevent the oxygen from diffusing into the bulk of the solder, and the SZB0.3Cr alloy had the best oxidation resistance.     

Effect of Dy and Nd on ZK10 alloy processed by hot extrusion

About 0.6%Dy and 0.2%Nd are simultaneously added to ZK10 alloy processed by hot extrusion, and their effects are investigated. Obvious refined grains and weakened texture are observed after addition of Dy and Nd. Significantly improved mechanical performance with increase of 16% in yield strength and of 114% in ductility is obtained compared with ZK10 alloy. The strengthening effect is attributed to the grain refinement and solid solution, and the enhanced ductility results from the refined structure and weakened texture. Better optimization in mechanical performance with enhanced strengthening is generated, compared with the alloy with individual RE element addition. Combined addition of trace Dy and Nd throws light on the wide-range production and application of extruded ZK10 alloy.