某工业园区污水处理厂低负荷运行方案优化研究

某工业园区污水处理厂建成后,短期内进水量少,针对进水水质、水量不稳定、碳氮比不合理,造成总氮、总磷出水不稳定,有超标风险等问题提出了相应的解决办法;优化了运行方案,即采用一组生化池作为匀质池,优化原厌氧-缺氧-好氧(A2/O)工艺为倒置A2/O工艺,并定时开启污水处理系统控制曝气量以及其他节能措施,优化后节能降耗效果明...     

改良A／A／O工艺在工业园区污水处理厂的应用

以山西省大同市塔山工业园区污水处理厂污水处理工程为例,介绍了改良A/A／O工艺的工程应用,水质分析结果表明,出水水质能达到景观用水的标准,且水质稳定。     

城镇污水处理厂工艺升级改造分析探讨

根据国家“十二五”期间新增N、P污染物减排的任务要求,对目前应用的传统活性污泥法A2/0生活污水脱N除P处理工艺机理及其特点进行分析,探讨对生活污水处理工艺升级改造,以提高N、P去除率.采用A2/O-MBR (MembraneBio-Reactor,膜生物反应器)组合工艺处理生活污水,这是通过膜分离技术与生物处理技术有机结合的新型态生活污水处理,使得处理后的水质更优良,出水水质达到更高标准.     

A2/O工艺在城市生活污水处理中的应用

结合污水处理厂工程实例,介绍了A2/O工艺的应用情况,总结各处理单元设计参数及设计特点.     

污水处理厂除臭方法及工艺选择

分析污水处理厂臭气的来源和成分,综述除臭常用的工艺并对其进行比选,最终确定土壤法为该厂的除臭工艺。     

污水处理厂技术与工艺管理

污水处理厂担负着附近地区水资源的保护问题,在当前社会中有着较为重要的地位,其中对污水处理厂的技术以及工艺管理是当前污水处理厂关心的重点。对污水处理厂技术与工艺管理进行讨论,以此加强对污水方面的治理,让废水排放能够达到水体本身自净能力承担的范围之内,从而提升与保证水资源的质量。     

调兵山污水处理厂运营成本分析及控制措施

对于已建成的污水处理厂,进行运营成本控制是一项繁杂的工作,但是,控制成本是企业可持续发展的必然要求。针对调兵山污水处理厂运营成本偏高的情况进行分析,找到问题所在,并提出改进及控制措施。     

污水处理厂处理工艺比选问题及运行效果分析

本文对广东顺德区国有企业建设的第一家城镇污水处理厂一期工程项目建设中的几个工艺比选问题进行了比较分析,确定了“AA/O微曝氧化沟+高效沉淀池+纤维转盘滤池”三级污水处理工艺流程,并对运行效果进行了分析.     

污水处理厂设备运行的管理及维护措施

随着国家污水设计排放标准的提高,污水处理厂的减排任务也不断加重,越来越多的新工艺和新设备应用到污水处理工作中,进一步加大了污水处理设备运行管理及维护的难度。基于此,主要针对污水处理厂设备运行的管理及维护进行了探讨。     

城镇污水处理厂工艺方案设计与优化

本文以某城镇污水处理厂设计为例,采用“A2O+高效沉淀池+V型滤池”工艺,从源头上降低了受纳水体的污染负荷,从而改善了城市水体的水环境,改善了水质,推动了社会、经济的可持续发展。     

A/A/O生物脱氮处理焦化污水工艺介绍

萍钢焦化厂新建酚、氰废水处理站采用了先进的A/A/O法生物脱氮工艺,此工艺将污水二级处理中的缺氧、好氧两大类方法有机结合在一起,对焦化废水中的酚、氰、COD、氨氮等多种污染物均有较高的去除率,尤其是出水氨氮含量远远低于钢铁行业一级排放标准(15mg/l).文章详细介绍了A/A/O生物脱氮的原理、运行控制和工艺流程.     

污泥龄和污泥回流比对气提式填料型A~2/O工艺的影响研究

本试验以实验室配水模拟农村生活污水为处理对象,研究SRT分别为12、15、18d时与污泥回流比分别为60%、80%、100%时,系统COD、氨氮、总氮、总磷的去除率、出水浓度以及污泥特性的变化。试验结果表明SRT=15 d、污泥回流比为100%时,系统总体脱氮除磷效果最好,此时COD、氨氮、总氮、总磷的去除率分别为91.55%、91.58%、72%、59%。     

污水处理厂自动化控制系统的建立与应用

以某煤矿企业污水处理厂为例,分析污水处理的工艺流程,设计该厂的自动监控系统。该系统采用西门子公司的S7-400PLC作为主控制器,上位机采用Web Access上位监控软件;实现了对DO、液位、流量、COD、pH值、SS等参数进行检测以及污水处理全过程的实时监测和控制。     

Step-by-step process integration method for the improvements and optimization of sodium tripolyphosphate process plant

Improvement and optimization of a complex chemical plant motivated by energy savings is presented in this paper. The reference object of the research is the sodium tripolyphosphate plant in “IHP-Prahovo”, the biggest factory for producing chemical products in Serbia and Montenegro. The research is done by using a step-by-step process integration approach, which combines several computer-based simulation/optimization methodologies. The evaluation of obtained results indicates considerable possibilities for plant efficiency improvement.     

Exergy analysis and optimization of a hydrogen production process by a solar-liquefied natural gas hybrid driven transcritical CO2 power cycle

A solar transcritical CO₂ power cycle for hydrogen production is studied in this paper. Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is utilized to condense the CO₂. An exergy analysis of the whole process is performed to evaluate the effects of the key parameters, including the boiler inlet temperature, the turbine inlet temperature, the turbine inlet pressure and the condensation temperature, on the system power outputs and to guide the exergy efficiency improvement. In addition, parameter optimization is conducted via Particle Swarm Optimization to maximize the exergy efficiency of hydrogen production. The exergy analysis indicates that both the solar and LNG equally provide exergy to the CO₂ power system. The largest amount of exergy losses occurs in the solar collector and the condenser due to the great temperature differences during the heat transfer process. The exergy loss in condenser could be greatly reduced by increasing the LNG temperature at the inlet of the condenser. There exists an optimum turbine inlet pressure for achieving the maximum exergy efficiency. With the optimized turbine inlet pressure and other parameters, the system is able to provide 11.52 kW of cold exergy and 2.1 L/s of hydrogen. And the exergy efficiency of hydrogen production could reach 12.38%.     

Experimental analysis of the absorption and desorption rates of HCOOK/H2O and LiBr/H2O

This paper evaluates the absorption and desorption rates of a potassium/water binary mixture and compares them to those of lithium bromide/water. The experimental procedure involved small-scale absorption chiller test rig. Extensive instrumentation was used so that identical operating conditions could be obtained for all tests to ensure a good comparison. Analysis of results has shown that the absorption rates for potassium formate/water is approximately 5% lower than lithium bromide/water. The desorption rates of potassium formate/water was found to be higher than that of lithium bromide/water. Heats of absorption and condensation were also recorded. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Energy optimization for liquefaction process of natural gas in peak shaving plant

One of the most important sections in the gas peak shaving plant regarding the energy consumption is the liquefaction process of natural gas (NG). Thus, selection and development of this process with the lowest energy consumption, offer huge potential energy and cost benefits. Here, a single-stage mixed refrigerant (SMR) cryogenic cycle with two compression stages has been selected for producing Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). Energy consumption of the process as an objective function is optimized by describing key variables of the design. The proposed process’s calculations of thermodynamic concepts and properties are applied in MATLAB software to generate the objective function; furthermore Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used as an optimization method. Concerning works done in this area, more key parameters – related directly to the objective function – are introduced in this paper. A low irreversibility is due to enhanced values of key parameters in the LNG heat exchanger observed under a low temperature difference between hot and cold composite curves. Finally, the exergy lost of equipments in the proposed process are evaluated and analyzed in details.     

H_2O/LiBr双吸收式热变换器系统多目标参数优化

以双吸收式热变换器作为研究对象,综合考虑系统总传热面积Atot、热效率COP、总损失I和热源输入Exin,通过线性加权法建立了以Atot/COP和I/Exin为目标函数的多目标评价模型。利用多目标模型对系统进行参数优化的结果表明,多目标评价模型能同时考虑多个优化目标,相比单一目标更为合理;在给定的工况范围内,存在最优的发生温度、蒸发温度、吸收温度、吸收/蒸发温度以及第一溶液热交换器效能,使多目标函数最小;尽可能降低冷凝温度和提高第一溶液热交换器效能有利于提高系统的整体性能。     

Thermal analysis and performance optimization of a solar hot water plant with economic evaluation

The main objective of this study is to optimize the long-term performance of an existing active-indirect solar hot water plant (SHWP), which supplies hot water at 65 °C for use in a flight kitchen, using a micro genetic algorithm in conjunction with a relatively detailed model of each component in the plant and solar radiation model based on the measured data. The performance of SHWP at Changi International Airport Services (CIASs), Singapore, is studied for better payback period using the monthly average hourly diffuse and beam radiations and ambient temperature data. The data input for solar radiation model is obtained from the Singapore Meteorological Service (SMS), and these data have been compared with long-term average data of NASA (surface meteorology and solar energy or SSE). The comparison shows a good agreement between the predicted and measured hourly-averaged, horizontal global radiation.The SHWP at CIAS, which comprises 1200 m² of evacuated-tube collectors, 50 m³ water storage tanks and a gas-fired auxiliary boiler, is first analyzed using a baseline configuration, i.e., (i) the local solar insolation input, (ii) a coolant flow rate through the headers of collector based on ASHRAE standards, (iii) a thermal load demand pattern amounting to 100 m³/day, and (iv) the augmentation of water temperature by auxiliary when the supply temperature from solar tank drops below the set point. A comparison between the baseline configuration and the measured performance of CIAS plant gives reasonably good validation of the simulation code. Optimization is further carried out for the following parameters, namely; (i) total collector area of the plant, (ii) storage volume, and (iii) three daily thermal demands. These studies are performed for both the CIAS plant and a slightly modified plant where the hot water supply to the load is adjusted constant at times when the water temperature from tank may exceed the set temperature. It is found that the latter configuration has better thermal and economic performances over the conventional design.