飞秒激光双光子聚合加工微纳结构

针对微/纳机电系统（MEMS/NEMS）零部件加工制造难题,研究具有亚衍射极限空间分辨率的飞秒激光双光子聚合加工方法,搭建钛蓝宝石飞秒激光微纳加工系统,对液态聚合物材料进行飞秒激光双光子聚合加工工艺试验研究。结果表明:随着激光功率的降低,单个固化点的尺寸减小,加工分辨率提高;扫描步距减小,所加工工件的表面粗糙度数值减小,但加工效率降低。基于CAD软件设计出微米墙和纳米线构成的三维微纳结构,利用飞秒激光双光子聚合加工得到该三维微纳结构实物,通过优化工艺参数加工出直径小于100 nm的纳米线,从而证明飞秒激光双光子聚合加工方法为微/纳器件的制造提供了一种有效方法。     

曲面基底衍射光学元件的激光直写技术

飞秒激光直写技术(FsLDW)因其优异的三维加工能力、高空间分辨率、低附加损伤等优点被广泛地应用于微纳加工领域,但传统飞秒激光直写技术在加工效率、加工面积和加工精度之间存在矛盾。为了实现高速、大面积、高精度的激光微纳加工,构建了一种由大范围水平位移台和高速旋转台组成的极坐标系飞秒激光直写系统。基于该系统,研究了轴对称样品中心对准方法及曲面曲率校准方法,并在曲面上制备了多阶三维结构。最终完成了在透镜曲面上制备直径为10mm的衍射圆光栅结构,实现了飞秒激光高速、大尺寸、高精度地制备大面积三维结构。该研究为高性能折衍混合光学元件的制备提供了有力的技术支持。     

双光子激光三维微细加工及信息存储技术

利用具有极高脉冲光强的飞秒激光器和对光束进行强聚焦的显微镜装置可以制造具有亚微米精度的三维微器件以及进行三维高密度信息存储。文本介绍了自行开发的双光子微细加工系统以及三维高密度信息存储系统，以及用该系统进行三维光学微细加工及三维光学信息存储的实验情况，给出了部分利用已建立的加工系统所获得的初步实验结果。     

双光子激光三维微细加工及信息存储技术

利用具有极高脉冲光强的飞秒激光器和对光束进行强聚焦的显微镜装置可以制造具有亚微米精度的三维微器件以及进行三维高密度信息存储。文本介绍了自行开发的双光子微细加工系统以及三维高密度信息存储系统 ,以及用该系统进行三维光学微细加工及三维光学信息存储的实验情况 ,给出了部分利用已建立的加工系统所获得的初步实验结果     

双光子激光三维微细加工及信息存储技术

利用具有极高脉冲光强的飞秒激光器和对光束进行强聚焦的显微镜装置可以制造具有亚微米精度的三维微器件以及进行三维高密度信息存储.文本介绍了自行开发的双光子微细加工系统以及三维高密度信息存储系统,以及用该系统进行三维光学微细加工及三维光学信息存储的实验情况,给出了部分利用已建立的加工系统所获得的初步实验结果.     

飞秒激光辅助化学刻蚀透明材料微孔加工研究进展

飞秒激光辅助化学刻蚀加工技术在高质量、高深径比、高可控性的微孔加工方面独具优势,为微孔的制备提供了新的途径和方法。在微全分析系统、光纤中的三维光流控系统、谐振器制造中具有很大的应用潜力。本文综述了近年来飞秒激光辅助化学刻蚀加工透明介质材料的研究进展,包括飞秒激光改性区对刻蚀速率影响、强酸强碱化学溶液对刻蚀效果的影响、化学刻蚀步骤工艺的优化、飞秒激光辅助化学刻蚀加工方法的应用等,总结了飞秒激光辅助化学刻蚀微通道、结构加工机理以及工艺等方面面临的挑战,并对今后的研究重点进行了展望。     

飞秒激光微加工:激光精密加工领域的新前沿

飞秒激光微加工技术具有加工精度高、热效应小、损伤阈值低以及能够实现真正的三维微结构加工等优点,这些特性是传统的激光加工技术所无法取代的。首先回顾了激光微加工和超短脉冲激光技术的发展历史,然后介绍超短脉冲激光与金属和介质材料相互作用的机制,接着阐述了飞秒激光直写、干涉和投影制备等各种加工方法的原理,重点讨论飞秒激光在三维光子器件集成、微流体芯片制备及其在生化传感方面的应用等,最后展望了飞秒激光微加工领域所面临的机遇和挑战,指出了未来的研究方向。     

“飞秒激光微加工——打孔”的文献综述

飞秒激光微加工技术作为一种新兴的加工技术,具有非接触、效率高、加工精度高、热效应小、损伤阈值低以及能够实现真正的三维结构微加工等传统技术无法比拟的诸多优点,其应用领域相当广泛。文章描述了飞秒激光加工透明材料时,激光能量沉积在光学趋肤层,热效应极小的特性。指出了目前打孔普遍利用激光的直写技术,针孔掩模加工技术可以改善孔形的事实。最后展望了飞秒激光微加工的研究方向。     

飞秒激光加工不锈钢微型悬臂梁的工艺研究

为了研究飞秒激光对不锈钢材料的加工工艺,采用基于飞秒激光材料烧蚀的微细加工方法,深入研究了飞秒激光高效高质量微细加工不锈钢材料的工艺条件与参量优化,并应用于微型不锈钢悬臂梁的制作。分析了激光能量密度、激光扫描速度、重复扫描次数对加工形貌和蚀除速率的影响,制作出了高质量的微米量级的不锈钢微型悬臂梁。结果表明,飞秒激光微细加工是一种极具前途与极具柔性的微机电系统器件加工手段。     

飞秒激光加工机理及仿真研究进展

目前,微加工和精加工技术的迅速发展对微型化加工技术提出了更高的要求:将加工尺度提高到微米甚至纳米级,并且能够在材料内部实现三维立体微加工.飞秒激光可以突破衍射极限的限制,打破了加工极限,是当前先进制造技术的热点.本文综述了飞秒激光加工的发展历程和机理,并从库仑爆炸模型、微爆炸模型、色心模型以及双光子电离模型等方面对激光加工机理进行了阐述.对于飞秒激光的超快作用过程,仿真是分析加工机理、研究激光与材料作用过程的主要手段.分析了飞秒激光仿真所采用的双温模型、分子动力学模型及复合模型的特点及其适用范围,为飞秒激光加工的理论研究提供依据.最后指出了目前飞秒激光加工技术存在的问题,并对该技术的发展进行了展望.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks