大豆酸奶

研究了以鲜乳和大豆为原料生产大豆酸奶的最适宜配方及生产条件。结果表明,将豆乳与鲜乳以3：2的质量比混合,加入8％的白砂糖、0．2％的乳化稳定剂,选用保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌以1：1的接种量,在45℃下发酵4h,可得到优质的大豆酸奶。     

复合豆酸奶的研制

以黑豆、黄豆和鲜乳为主要原料，研制新型酸奶产品，并通过正交试验确定了最佳工艺条件：黑豆乳：黄豆乳为1：1，复合豆乳：鲜乳为3：2，加入8％蔗糖，0．1％琼脂，3％的接种量，保加利亚杆菌：嗜热链球菌=1．2：11，45％发酵4h，酿制的产品颜色均匀，组织细腻，质地均匀，粘度适中，具有豆乳和酸乳的清香味，酸甜可口。     

灵芝酸奶制作工艺与营养

研究以灵芝深层发酵滤液为主要原料，生产风味型酸奶的最适配方。进行混合发酵菌剂的制备，探讨灵芝酸奶的生产技术条件并对其营养成分进行分析。结果：鲜乳与灵芝深层培养滤液以60：40的比例混合；加入5％～7％的蔗糖；稳定剂PGA和CMC-Na的添加量分别为0.2％和0．1％；保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌，以1:1比例混合，5％～7％的接种量，在40～42℃条件下发酵6～7h时所制灵芝酸奶必需氨基酸分值较高，是一种口感和质量上乘的新型发酵性酸奶。     

花生酸奶的研制

以花生为原料，对花生蛋白提取、花生乳调配、酸奶发酵剂等工艺进行探讨，研制出营养丰富，口感良好的发酵花生酸奶。结果表明．将花生乳与鲜乳以2：3的比例（质量比）混合，再加9％的白砂糖，菌种选用保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌以1：1，4％（质量分数）的接种量，在42cc的条件下发酵3．5h，可制得优质风味型花生酸奶。     

风味型花生酸奶的研制

研究了以鲜乳和花生为原料生产风味型酸奶的最适配方及生产技术条件。结果表明，将花生乳与鲜乳以２∶３的比例混合，再加７％的白砂糖，０．０１％ＣａＣｌ２，０．２％的乳化稳定剂，０．０６％的香精，菌种选用保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌以１∶１，３％的接种量，在４３℃条件下发酵４ｈ，可制得优质风味型花生酸奶。     

绿豆酸奶的研制

研究了以绿豆和鲜乳为原料生产酸奶的最适配方及生产技术条件。结果表明，将绿豆浆与鲜乳以１∶２的比例混合，再加９％～１０％的白糖、０．１％的稳定剂，菌种选用保加利亚杆菌和嗜热链球菌以１∶１混合，３％的接种量，在４２℃下发酵４ｈ，可以制得优质绿豆酸奶。     

玉米风味酸奶的研制

研制了一种以玉米浆、牛奶、白砂糖为主要原料，通过调配、均质、杀菌、发酵等加工工艺而制成的色泽淡黄、风味优良、营养丰富的玉米风味酸奶。结果表明：在牛乳中加入15％的玉米浆，8％的蔗糖，0．6％的复合稳定剂（果胶：羧甲基纤维素钠：1：1），经95℃、10min保温杀菌后，接入4％的乳酸菌，42℃下培养4h，最后在4℃～10℃条件下后熟24h，即可得到优质的玉米酸奶制品。     

玉米酸奶加工初探

本文对玉米酸奶的加工进行了初步探讨。结果表明：玉米浆与牛奶按1：2混合,加入10％蔗糖,接入4％Lb：St（1：1）菌种在42℃下发酵6h可得品质较优的玉米酸奶。其最佳复合稳定剂为琼脂：黄原胶：单甘酯=0．2％：0．05％：0．05％。     

红小豆酸奶的研制

研究了以红小豆和鲜乳为原料生产酸奶的最适配方及生产技术条件。结果表明:将红小豆浆与鲜乳以1∶2的比例混合,再加8%的白糖、0.05%的稳定剂,菌种选用保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌以1∶1混合,3%的接种量、在42℃下发酵4h,可以制得优质红小豆酸奶。     

植物甾醇乙酸酯酸奶工艺的研究

对酸奶制作中甾醇乙酸酯和蔗糖添加量、酸奶发酵条件进行了研究。结果表明，添加质量分数为5％蔗糖和质量浓度为0．65g／200mL甾醇乙酸酯、接种3％保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌混合菌种（两者比为1：1）；在40℃温度下发酵3．5-4、0后，可以生产出一种风味与普通酸奶相同，具有降低血脂和抗肿瘤功能的酸奶。     

Esters of para-aminobenzoic acid in cosmetics. Identification and dosage within sun-creams

A method is presented for the identification and determination by T.L.C. and G.L.C. of esters of para-aminobenzoic acid with a free amine function and of local anaesthetics, prohibited in cosmetic products, in accordance with the cosmetic directive 76/768/EEC. In a commercial product, nominally supplied as para-aminobenzoic monoglyceryl ester (authorised in sun-creams in accordance with the EEC directive) other phenyl groups with para substitution were identified by means of T.L.C. and N.M.R. spectroscopy; among them, the para-aminobenzoic ethyl ester. G.L.C. enables a quantitative determination of these substances. Les esters de l'acide para-amino benzoique dans les produits cosmétiques. Identification et dosage dans les crémes solaires     

葡萄叶片中单宁,木质素,PPO活性与抗黑痘病的关系

本研究以野生种葡萄（华东葡萄、掌裂草葡萄，秋葡萄）、栽培葡萄（红富士）的健全和病叶为试材，调查了４个种或品种的病情指数，测定了单宁与木质的含量和ＰＰＯ活性，结果表明，野生种葡萄经载培葡萄抗病；单宁和木素含量、ＰＰＯ活性与葡萄的抗黑痘病能力呈正相关。这些酚类物质在葡萄抗病研究中具有重要意义，可作为葡萄抗病性鉴定的指标。     

The distribution of anthocyanins in grape skin extracts of port wine cultivars as determined by high performance liquid chromatography

The distribution of anthocyanins in methanolic skin extracts of 16 grape cultivars used for port wine production and grown at five sites in the Douro Valley in Northern Portugal has been assessed by high performance liquid chromatography. Results are confined to the seven most readily separated and identified anthocyanins and are expressed as percentages of their total (88–99% of the total integrated area). Anthocyanins based on malvidin (Mv) predominated. Of these, Mv 3-glucoside was the major pigment (33–60%), being exceeded by Mv 3-p-coumarylglucoside (2–51%) in only two cultivars; Mv 3-acetylglucoside (1–15%) was consistently the lowest. Peonidin 3-glucoside (1–27%) was prominent in four cultivars, but delphinidin 3-glucoside (1–11%), petunidin 3-glucoside (2–11%) and cyanidin 3-glucoside (trace-6%) were of low proportions throughout. The ratio Mv 3-acetylglucoside/total Mv glucosides appeared characteristic of cultivar, independent of site, and a useful aid to identification of grape cultivars. The coloured pulp of some cultivars contained peonidin 3-glucoside as a major component, present in greater proportions than in the skin; the percentage of Mv 3-p-coumarylglucoside was lower in pulp than in skin. The identities of six of the seven anthocyanins were confirmed by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry and the structures of the Mv derivatives were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance. The formation of formyl and acetyl anthocyanin artefacts is described.     

设施栽培条件下葡萄光合特性初探

利用电子光合测定仪，对设施栽培条件下“乍娜”、“凤凰５１”品种的光合特性进行研究，结果表明葡萄光合日变化呈明显的双峰型，两品种光合峰值及光合低谷期长短有明显不同。在华北地区，影响设施内葡萄光合效率的主要生态因素是ＣＯ２浓度和水分状况，尤其是设施内相对湿度和光合效率有明显相关。     

argR基因对钝齿棒杆菌发酵过程中产精氨酸特性的影响

本文测定了一株钝齿棒杆菌（Corynebacterium crenatum）诱变菌和二株基因工程菌发酵过程中产arginine曲线、生长曲线以及发酵液中碳源消耗量和pH值的变化。实验结果显示Arg产量最高的菌株为C．crenatumA．S．M2.sp，其产量达到9mg／ml，据此认为钝齿棒杆菌中的argR基因可能为Arg代谢中的一个正调控因子。     

基于嗅觉可视化技术的猪肉新鲜度检测

嗅觉可视化技术是使非可见物质成像（主要是气体成像）的一种无损检测新技术,属人工嗅觉模拟技术的一个新分支.使用卟啉和pH指示剂作为嗅觉可视化传感器阵列的气敏材料,检测猪肉中的优势致腐菌和新鲜度.将3种优势致腐菌-梭状芽孢杆菌、热死环丝菌、假单胞菌-分别接种至3组猪肉样本中,在3种温度--16℃,.4℃和20℃-条件下分别贮藏不同的时间后,采用扫描仪获取可视化传感器阵列与每个样本反应前后的图像信息;将阵列反应前后的颜色差值作为样本特征值,对不同的猪肉样本经不同贮藏时间后产生的挥发性气味,可视化传感器阵列显示其特定的颜色图像与其对应.结果表明,嗅觉可视化技术可以用于检测猪肉的优势致腐菌以及判断猪肉的新鲜度.     

Wine phenolics—analysis of low molecular weight components by high performance liquid chromatography

Low molecular weight phenolic compounds were separated by high performance liquid chromatography on hydrocarbon-bonded reverse phase packings, with a water-methanol elution gradient. Phenolic compounds were extracted from wine with ethyl acetate. A first extraction at pH 7 enabled isolation of neutral molecules (catechins, procyanidins, flavonols, aromatic alcohols); a second extraction at pH 2 was performed to extract phenolic acids. Successive injections of these two extracts in the chromatograph gave the distribution of the different phenolic compounds in the wine under analysis. Analytical data are given for low molecular weight phenolic compounds present in young red Bordeaux wines from different vine cultivars.     

利用SDS-PAGE电泳对啤酒生产过程中蛋白质动态变化的研究

采用SDS -PAGE电泳,对青岛啤酒酿造过程中的可溶性蛋白质变化进行了动态的跟踪。发现制麦和糖化过程是蛋白变化最明显的阶段,蛋白的分布和含量整体呈下降趋势。啤酒和啤酒泡沫中蛋白的分布较接近,主要表现为4 .3万的窄带和0 .7- 1.4万的宽带电泳图谱分布。     

The determination of bitter principles in zucchinis

A method using reverse phase thin layer and high performance liquid chromatography was developed to determine the level of the bitter principle occasionally found in zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.). The system gave excellent separation with recovery rates of about 90% from spiked fruit. The bitter principle was confirmed by C¹³ NMR and mass spectrometry as cucurbitacin E glycoside which was present in concentrations in the order of 600mg kg^?1 in bitter fruits. Bitterness was detected by a taste panel at cucurbitacin E glycoside concentrations of 1 mg kg^?1 in aqueous solutions and 2 mg kg^?1 in zucchini pulp. The method described should assist the screening for bitterness in commercial and breeding populations of zucchini.