PP/SBS复合材料共混改性及性能研究

分别采用一阶、二阶熔融共混的方法制备出PP/SBS复合材料,研究了该复合材料体系中不同含量的弹性体SBS对PP性能的影响。并通过冲击、拉伸和熔融指数等实验,分析了共混物中SBS的含量对PP的冲击强度、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和熔融指数等性能的影响。结果表明:在PP中加入了不同含量的弹性体SBS,对其各种性能的影响均不相同,通过对比一阶和二阶共混工艺的性能,还得到二阶共混比一阶共混工艺性能好;同时得到在基体PP中加入15%的SBS,其综合性能最好,并且还大大改善了PP的冲击强度和韧性,使其性能得以提高。     

SGF增强POE改性二次发泡聚丙烯的力学性能

用单螺杆挤出机制备了短玻璃纤维(SGF)改性聚丙烯(PP)/聚烯烃弹性体(POE)预发泡粒料,并用型内二次发泡工艺制备了发泡聚丙烯(FPP),考察了SGF含量、分布及界面性能对PP/POE共混体系的发泡效果和力学性能的影响。结果表明,SGF和POE的共同加入改善了FPP的发泡效果,获得泡径约0.38 mm且分布均匀的闭孔结构;SGF的加入提高了PP/POE发泡体系的冲击韧性,并在20%含量时达到最大值64.89 kJ/m2;FPP的弯曲强度和压缩强度随着SGF的增加呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势,表明适量SGF的引入可以保持POE改性FPP的强度和韧性之间的平衡。     

PP/POE/SGF三元复合泡沫体的压缩吸能特性研究

在准静态单向压缩条件下,测试和分析了聚丙烯(PP)/乙烯-1-辛烯共聚物(POE)/短玻璃纤维(SGF)三元泡沫复合材料的压缩性能,考察了SGF的质量分数对压缩弹性模量、屈服强度和能量吸收特性的影响.结果表明:PP/POE/SGF泡沫复合材料的压缩应力-应变曲线具有典型的弹性变形、屈服平台和致密化三个阶段;适量SGF的引入提高了压缩弹性模量、屈服强度和吸能能力,而在研究的范围内,较高含量(20%以上)的SGF才能提高泡沫复合材料的吸能效率,其增强效果不如吸能能力明显.     

TPV和纳米CaCO3协同增韧聚丙烯的研究

首先采用熔融共混法制备聚丙烯/热塑性动态硫化橡胶(PP/TPV)二元共混物,进一步添加纳米CaCO₃制备了PP/TPV/纳米CaCO₃三元共混物。探究了TPV用量对PP/TPV二元共混物力学性能和微观形貌的影响,以及纳米CaCO₃用量对PP/TPV/纳米CaCO₃三元共混物的力学性能、微观形貌、耐热性能及晶型的影响。结果表明,TPV能够有效增韧PP,当TPV用量仅为5份时,PP/TPV二元共混物的冲击强度达到8.2kJ/m²,较PP增加了95%,同时拉伸强度仅下降了4%;纳米CaCO₃能够诱导PP中β晶型的生成,随着纳米CaCO₃在PP/TPV/纳米CaCO₃三元共混物中用量的增加,缺口冲击强度呈现先增加后下降的趋势,而拉伸强度变化不大。当纳米CaCO₃用量为3份时,三元共混物的抗冲击性能最好,同时耐热性能也得到提升,可应用于汽车、建筑等行业。     

三螺杆动态混炼挤出EPDM/PP共混物拉伸强度的研究

在三螺杆动态混炼挤出机上,研究了不同橡塑比的(三元乙丙橡胶)EPDM/(聚丙烯)PP共混物经动态混炼和稳态混炼挤出后的拉伸性能.振动频率和振幅对共混物的拉伸强度均有很好的强化作用,并分析了振动力场对EPDM/PP共混物影响的规律和振动强化效果.     

PP-g-MAH改性SGF/PP泡沫复合材料的结构与力学性能研究

采用型内二次发泡工艺制备了马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)共混改性短玻璃纤维(SGF)/聚丙烯(PP)泡沫复合材料,考察了PP-g-MAH的含量对复合材料的泡孔形貌、微观结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明:PP-g-MAH的引入改善了泡沫体的发泡效果,平均孔径减小了约35%,泡孔密度提高近4倍且分布均匀;偶联剂的表面包覆和PP-g-MAH的共同作用改善了SGF与PP的相容性,显著增强了两者的界面结合;随SGF含量增加,SGF/PP泡沫复合材料的抗弯强度先增大后减小,而冲击强度则呈现先急剧增加而后趋缓的变化趋势。     

纳米蒙脱土/PP/PVC共混物的性能研究

对纳米蒙脱土(nano-MMT)/聚丙烯/聚氯乙烯(PP/PVC)共混物的性能进行了研究,讨论了纳米MMT用量对PP/PVC(40/60)共混物性能的影响.研究结果表明:随着加入纳米MMT量的增加,共混物的拉伸强度也逐渐增加;当共混物中加入纳米MMT 5份时,共混物的拉伸强度达到最大值;随着加入纳米MMT的增加,共混物...     

凹凸棒石/弹性体协同改性聚丙烯

通过熔融共混法,制得了聚丙烯(PP)/硅烷偶联剂改性的天然凹凸棒石(OATT)/聚烯烃弹性体(POE)三元复合材料和PP/OATT、PP/凹凸棒石(ATT)二元复合材料,研究了复合材料的力学性能、流变性能和热性能。力学性能研究结果表明:在二元体系中,复合材料的拉伸强度随着ATT和OATT含量提高而提高,但是在相同凹凸棒石含量下,PP/OATT复合材料的拉伸强度提高更显著;PP/ATT复合材料的冲击强度与纯PP比较没有提高反而下降,而PP/OATT的冲击强度则随着OATT含量提高先增后降,并在OATT含量为1%时达到最大值。在PP/OATT/POE三元体系中,当固定PP/OATT比例为100/5时,POE含量达到5%,复合材料冲击强度为8.91KJ/m2,与未加POE体系相比提高了21.10%;当POE含量增加到15%时,复合材料冲击强度提高了44.80%,并且其拉伸强度基本得到保持,说明POE和OATT对PP具有明显的协同增韧增强效果。流变曲线分析表明,在低的剪切速率下,改性的凹凸棒石对PP复合材料的流动性能有较好改善。DSC分析结果表明,POE和OATT均能有效地促进PP结晶,并且OATT/POE二元组分对...     

AT/APP/ASO阻燃剂在EPDM/PP弹性体中的应用研究

采用动态硫化工艺,制备三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)/聚丙烯(PP)热塑性弹性体,研究凹凸棒土(AT)、聚磷酸铵(APP)、氨基硅油(ASO)对弹性体力学性能和阻燃性能的影响。研究表明:添加5份AT的EPDM/PP弹性体力学性能最佳,AT的加入可提高EPDM/PP弹性体的阻燃性能;随着APP的用量增加,EPDM/PP弹性体的拉伸强度、撕裂强度和最大伸长率均下降,氧指数增大;随着ASO的用量增加,EPDM/PP弹性体的拉伸强度、撕裂强度下降,最大伸长率先上升后下降,氧指数增大。     

聚丙烯/聚烯烃弹性体/硅灰石复合材料的制备与热学力学性能

采用熔融共混的方法制备聚丙烯(PP)/聚烯烃弹性体(POE)/硅灰石(Wollastonite)复合材料,利用万能材料试验机、悬臂梁冲击机、差热扫描量热仪(DSC)和扫描电镜(SEM)研究了聚烯烃弹性体和硅灰石对聚丙烯的力学性能及热性能的影响。结果表明,POE弹性体对PP有很好的增韧作用,提高了PP的冲击强度,硅灰石在一定程度上有增强的作用,提高了PP/POE的拉伸强度;POE和硅灰石使复合材料的结晶温度有所提高,但使熔点有所降低。当POE占3%(质量分数,下同),硅灰石占3%时,复合材料的热学、力学性能最优,冲击强度比纯PP高出15.4%,拉伸强度高出2.6%,结晶温度高出5℃。     

短纤维混杂增强PP复合泡沫材料的力学性能

将助剂预混与二次挤出工艺相结合制备含短纤维预发泡粒料, 并用型内二次发泡工艺制备了短炭纤维(SCF)、 短玻璃纤维(SGF)混杂增强聚丙烯(PP)复合泡沫材料。研究了在纤维总质量分数不变时, SCF与SGF的相对含量、 增强纤维与PP的界面性能及泡沫体的表观密度对PP复合泡沫材料的发泡效果和力学性能的影响。结果表明: SGF和SCF的同时加入能够改善PP的高温熔体强度, 获得孔径较小且均一的类球形的闭孔PP泡沫体。SGF和SCF混杂增强提高了PP复合泡沫材料的强度和模量, 且增强效果高于单一纤维, 当纤维总质量分数为15%, 且SGF ∶SCF为1 ∶1时(质量比), PP复合泡沫材料的抗弯强度和抗压强度最高, 而SGF ∶SCF为3 ∶1时, PP泡沫复合材料的冲击韧性和压缩模量达到最大值 。泡沫体的表观密度对PP复合泡沫材料的冲击韧性和抗压强度影响显著, 当表观密度从0.32g/cm3增至0.45g/cm3时, 冲击韧性和抗压强度分别从4.29kJ/m2和6.57MPa 提高到17.87kJ/m2和20.57MPa。      

玻璃微珠对PP／SAN共混体系动态流变行为的影响

用熔融共混的方法制备了一系列玻璃微珠(GB)含量不同的PP/SAN/GB复合材料.试样断面的SEM结果表明,GB与SAN的亲和力更强,GB选择性分布在分散相SAN中.流变测试结果表明,GB的含量和分布极大地影响着复合材料的流变行为.低含量时(小于15 phr)GB的加入对共混体系的流变行为基本无影响,当加入GB量超过一定值(15 phr)时体系的复数黏度和动态储能模量才有明显的升高.GB的表面处理改善了GB的分散性,没有改变选择性分布,增加了与聚合物之间的作用力,提高了共混体系的动态储能模量和复数黏度.     

Tensile deformation mechanism of polyamide 6,6/SEBS-g-MA blend and its hybrid composites reinforced with short glass fibers

Short glass fiber (SGF) reinforced polyamide 6,6 hybrid composites toughened with maleated styrene-ethylene butylenes-styrene (SEBS-g-MA) elastomer were prepared by compounding and subsequent injection molding. The hybrids were reinforced with 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 wt% SGF. The matrix of the hybrids consisted of 80 wt% PA6,6 and 20 wt% SEBS-g-MA. Dilatometery was employed to characterize the deformation mechanisms of tough PA6,6/SEBS-g-MA 80/20 blend and its hybrid composites under uniaxial tension. Dilatometric responses showed that both cavitation and shear yielding occur in PA6,6/SEBS-g-MA 80/20 blend during deformation. And the cavitation deformation prevailed over shear yielding in this blend after the initial elastic deformation. Moreover, the volume strain was observed to increase considerably with increasing SGF content for the hybrids investigated. SEM examination revealed that microvoids originated from the debonding of glass fiber from the PA6,6 matrix were responsible for the cavitation strain in the hybrids. Consequently, cavitation deformation predominated over shear yielding in hybrids.     

Role of micro/nano fillers on mechanical and tribological properties of polyamide66/polypropylene composites

The objectives of this research article is to evaluate the mechanical and tribological properties of polyamide66/polypropylene (PA66/PP) blend, graphite (Gr) filled PA66/PP, nanoclay (NC) filled PA66/PP and NC plus short carbon fiber (NC + SCF) filled PA66/PP composites. All composites were fabricated using a twin screw extruder followed by injection molding. The mechanical properties such as tensile, flexure, and impact strengths were investigated in accordance with ASTM standards. The friction and sliding wear behaviour was studied under dry sliding conditions against hard steel on a pin-on-disc apparatus. Scanning electron micrographs were used to analyze the fracture morphologies. From the experimental investigation, it was found that the presence of NC and SCF fillers improved the hardness of PA66/PP blend. Further, the study reveals that the tensile and flexural strength of NC + SCF filled PA66/PP was higher than that of PA66/PP blend. Inclusion of micro and nanofillers reduced the wear rate of PA66/PP blend. The wear loss of the composites increased with increasing sliding velocity. The lowest wear rate was observed for the blend with nanoclay and SCF fillers. The wear rates of the blends with micro/nanofillers vary from 30–81% and lower than that of PA66/PP blend. The wear resistance of the PA66/PP composites was found to be related to the stability of the transfer film on the counterface. The results have been supplemented with scanning electron micrographs to help understand the possible wear mechanisms.     

茂金属聚乙烯/茂金属乙烯-丙烯共聚物共混微观相结构与力学性能

采用密炼机制备了不同组成的茂金属聚乙烯/茂金属乙烯-丙烯共聚物(mPE/mEP)共混体系,利用在线取样-显微分析的方法研究了不同组成mPE/mEP共混体系的微观相态结构,在研究相态结构的基础上,研究了体系的力学性能。结果表明,mPE/mEP共混物呈现明显的两相结构,当mPE体积含量在50%~60%范围内,共混体系形成双连续相,其他组分含量时,形成"海-岛"结构形貌。共混物的拉伸强度与共混体系微观相形态的变化有关,断裂伸长率随着mPE含量的增加由2360%降至550%,拉伸模量随着mPE含量的增加由3.5MPa增至102MPa。     

Percolation threshold and morphology of composites of conducting carbon black/polypropylene/EVA

Conducting carbon black (CB), one of the intrinsic semi-conductors, was added into matrix polypropylene (PP) to prepare conducting composites by means of the melt processing method. Another component EVA was mixed into the composites in order to lower the percolation threshold. The percolation threshold of the ternary CB/PP/EVA composites was merely 3.8 vol%, while it was up to 7.8 vol% for the binary CB/PP composites without EVA. The conductivity of the ternary CB/PP/EVA composites was up to 10^–2 S/cm when the CB percentage was 5 vol%, while that of the binary CB/PP was lower than 10^–2 S/cm when the CB percentage was up to 10 vol%. DSC thermograms of the CB/PP/EVA composites showed that the melting peak shifted to low temperature with increasing CB content. The addition of CB and EVA resulted in the decrease of the crystallinity of PP in the ternary composites. The mechanical properties are also discussed. SEM and TEM were employed to study the morphology of the blend system. The results indicated that CB existed in the form of aggregations in the blend system. The smallest unit that formed a percolation network was grape-like aggregates with some small branches, which consisted of some CB particles, rather than the individual particles. This distribution was very valuable for forming conducting paths and for lowering the percolation value.     

PP/POE/高岭土三元复合材料的力学及热性能

研究了高岭土和乙烯-辛烯共聚物弹性体(POE)填充聚丙烯(PP)制备的PP/POE/高岭土三元复合材料的力学和热力学性能。结果表明,POE和高岭土不能提高PP的拉伸强度,但高岭土可以显著提高PP/POE的杨氏模量。POE降低了PP的弯曲强度和弯曲模量,但PP/POE/高岭土三元复合材料的弯曲强度和弯曲模量显著高于PP/POE和PP。POE和高岭土可以显著提高PP的冲击强度,当高岭土和POE的填充份数分别为10份和5份时,PP/POE/高岭土复合材料的冲击强度最大。高岭土的添加可以提高PP的结晶温度,加快PP的结晶速率,促进PP的异相成核。合适含量的高岭土可以提高PP的熔融温度,改善PP的耐热性能。     

Morphology and antibacterial properties of plasticized chitosan/metallocene polyethylene blends

In this work, plasticized chitosan-based materials were produced through a molten process. A thermo-mechanical treatment was used to achieve chitosan plasticization in the presence of water, acetic acid, and glycerol. Water and glycerol acted as plasticizers, while acetic acid was used as a solvent and plasticizer for chitosan. The influence of acetic acid total content, chitosan/acetic acid solution ratio, and chitosan/glycerol ratio were examined in this study. The various plasticized compounds were blended with a metallocene polyethylene (mPE) and the morphology, rheological, and antibacterial properties of this novel blend system were examined. It was found that an increase in acetic acid content allowed better chitosan dissolution, while a higher glycerol concentration resulted in improved dispersion of the plasticized chitosan phase in the mPE. Following thermo-mechanical treatment, blends presented good antibacterial properties with a reduction of the number of bacteria (non-pathogenic Escherichia coli) by 2 log(CFU/mL) for the chitosan-containing systems with respect to neat mPE. Mechanical properties of the mPE/plasticized chitosan blends were improved by compatibilization with ethylene vinyl acetate, while antibacterial properties were not affected.     

PP/LCP composites: effects of shear flow,extensional flow and nanofillers

PP/LCP composites moulded under shear flow and extensional flows were prepared in this work. It was observed that the predominating shear flow during injection moulding was unable to induce in-situ reinforcements in the Rodrun LC5000/PP blend. With the introduction of an additional drawing process, fibrous LCP was developed. The fibrillation of the LCP phase was found to increase with the draw speed and the formation of LCP fibrils was manifested as higher strength and stiffness. However, due to the poor adhesion between the pre-generated LCP fibrils and PP matrix, the strength of the extensional PP/LCP composites was lower than that of direct injection moulded LCP/PP blend. In another approach, silica fillers were introduced to the LCP/PP blend and the LCP fibrillation was found to improve. The nanosilica was believed to behave as a viscosity thickening agent and was able to promote the LCP droplet-fibril transition effectively. The nanofiller/LCP/thermoplastic system possessed dual reinforcements which imparted good properties to the composite.