Syntax and semantics of the compositional interchange format for hybrid systems

Different modeling formalisms for timed and hybrid systems exist, each of which addresses a specific set of problems, and has its own set of features. These formalisms and tools can be used in each stage of the embedded systems development, to verify and validate various requirements.The Compositional Interchange Format (CIF), is a formalism based on hybrid automata, which are composed using process algebraic operators. CIF aims to establish interoperability among a wide range of formalisms and tools by means of model transformations and co-simulation, which avoids the need for implementing many bilateral translators.This work presents the syntax and formal semantics of CIF. The semantics is shown to be compositional, and proven to preserve certain algebraic properties, which express our intuition about the behavior of the language operators. In addition we show how CIF operators can be combined to implement widely used constructs present in other timed and hybrid formalisms, and we illustrate the applicability of the formalism by developing several examples.Based on the formal specification of CIF, an Eclipse based simulation environment has been developed. We expect this work to serve as the basis for the formal definition of semantic preserving transformations between various languages for the specification of timed and hybrid systems.     

From individuals to populations: A mean field semantics for process algebra

A new semantics in terms of mean field equations is presented for WSCCS (Weighted Synchronous Calculus of Communicating Systems). The semantics captures the average behaviour of the system over time, but without computing the entire state space, therefore avoiding the state space explosion problem. This allows easy investigation of models with large numbers of components. The new semantics is shown to be equivalent to the standard Discrete Time Markov Chain semantics of WSCCS as the number of processes tends to infinity. The method of deriving the semantics is illustrated with examples drawn from biology and from computing.     

StoRHm: a protocol adapter for mapping SOAP based Web Services to RESTful HTTP format

A protocol adapter ideally suited to enable enterprises to gradually transition from SOAP Web Services to RESTful HTTP Web Services without impacting existing clients is presented in this paper. The inherent advantage of such a transition is the visibility of RESTful HTTP messages to Web intermediaries such as caches. In contrast, SOAP messages are opaque, which disables Web intermediaries. While both approaches can use HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) for message transfer, the paradigms contrast sharply. SOAP uses an interface specific approach whereas RESTful HTTP uses a Uniform Interface approach. SOAP marks up its payload with eXtensible Markup Language (XML) whereas in certain situations RESTful HTTP requires no XML. We present the disadvantages of the SOAP approach and outline how the RESTful HTTP approach solves these issues. We present results showing opaque SOAP messages transformed into transparent RESTful HTTP messages. We present StoRHm (SOAP to RESTful HTTP mapping), a protocol adapter which maps SOAP messages to RESTful HTTP format.     

专用自动通话计费系统的数据采集与处理

介绍的专用自动通话计费系统采用二级计算机控制方式，不依赖任何交换设备，能对６４路电话用户进行数据采集及复式计费，具有独特的个人计费功能。该系统采用串行通信及双口ＲＡＭ交换信息，有效地解决串行口和Ｉ／Ｏ口不足的技术问题；状态迁移法在呼叫过程中应用，解决系统实时性和多重处理的统一问题     

Automatic object extraction and reconstruction in active video

A new method of video object extraction is proposed to automatically extract the object of interest from actively acquired videos. Traditional video object extraction techniques often operate under the assumption of homogeneous object motion and extract various parts of the video that are motion consistent as objects. In contrast, the proposed active video object extraction (AVOE) approach assumes that the object of interest is being actively tracked by a non-calibrated camera under general motion and classifies the possible movements of the camera that result in the 2D motion patterns as recovered from the image sequence. Consequently, the AVOE method is able to extract the single object of interest from the active video. We formalize the AVOE process using notions from Gestalt psychology. We define a new Gestalt factor called “shift and hold” and present 2D object extraction algorithms. Moreover, since an active video sequence naturally contains multiple views of the object of interest, we demonstrate that these views can be combined to form a single 3D object regardless of whether the object is static or moving in the video.     

Automatic visual field: a software diagnostic procedure.

A recently developed technique for the automatic acquisition of data on visual field losses was tested, with reliable neuro-ophthalmological parameters, on 300 subjects with and without eye disorders. Algorithms for acquisition and processing of the central visual field were implemented on an IBM-AT personal computer with standard peripherals. The contours of scotomata (visual field losses) were best estimated by probabilistic adaptive enhancement of data sampling in those areas with greater visual variability. Image processing tools were specially designed to extract information concerning the size, shape, position and number of scotomata in the visual field. The diagnosis of wider campimetric lesions required parameters such as symmetry or specularity coefficients, obtainable by analysing the visual field of both eyes. Data obtained were correlated to the pathology involved by univariate statistical tools.     

Automatic extraction of face contours in images and videos

The paper proposed an automatic and accurate extraction of the human face contour algorithm. Because a human face contour includes very important facial features to identifying or verifying a person, the accuracy of face contour extraction influences performance of face recognition. The automatic extraction human face contour algorithm includes a novel flowchart for improving accuracy of face contours extraction. To obtain the edge map of a face contour, the divided-and-conquer technique and Canny edge detector were used to avoid the features in the central part of face. The genetic algorithm is implemented to automatically find the parameters of Canny edge detector. Finally, the Poisson gradient vector flow (PGVF) active contour model used the edge map to extract face contours. Three datasets with temporal sequence images were tested for evaluation of the proposed algorithm. The experimental results demonstrated that the algorithm obtained accurate face contours.     

Data exchange: semantics and query answering

Data exchange is the problem of taking data structured under a source schema and creating an instance of a target schema that reflects the source data as accurately as possible. In this paper, we address foundational and algorithmic issues related to the semantics of data exchange and to the query answering problem in the context of data exchange. These issues arise because, given a source instance, there may be many target instances that satisfy the constraints of the data exchange problem.We give an algebraic specification that selects, among all solutions to the data exchange problem, a special class of solutions that we call universal. We show that a universal solution has no more and no less data than required for data exchange and that it represents the entire space of possible solutions. We then identify fairly general, yet practical, conditions that guarantee the existence of a universal solution and yield algorithms to compute a canonical universal solution efficiently. We adopt the notion of the “certain answers” in indefinite databases for the semantics for query answering in data exchange. We investigate the computational complexity of computing the certain answers in this context and also address other algorithmic issues that arise in data exchange. In particular, we study the problem of computing the certain answers of target queries by simply evaluating them on a canonical universal solution, and we explore the boundary of what queries can and cannot be answered this way, in a data exchange setting.     

Cognitive psychological analysis based on multilayer semantics of web video and feature extraction of psychological images

Multimedia Tools and Applications - In order to improve the accuracy of psychological analysis by extracting network video and image features, it is difficult to analyze video semantics and blur...     

Automatic news-roundup generation using clustering,extraction, and presentation

Multimedia Systems - Along with the growth of the internet, the number of information published increased exponentially. This huge flow of information causes a problem called “information...     

Automatic head and facial feature extraction based on geometry variations

Facial anthropometry plays an important role in ergonomic applications. Most ergonomically designed products depend on stable and accurate human body measurement data. Our research automatically identifies human facial features based on three-dimensional geometric relationships, revealing a total of 67 feature points and 24 feature lines — more than the definitions associated with MPEG-4. In this study, we also verify the replicability, robustness, and accuracy of this feature set. Even with a lower-density point cloud from a non-dedicated head scanner, this method can provide robust results, with 86.6% validity in the 5 mm range. We also analyze the main 31 feature points on the human face, with 96.7% validity of less than 5 mm.     

Polymorphic scenario-based specification models: semantics and applications

We present polymorphic scenarios, a generalization of a UML2-compliant variant of Damm and Harel??s live sequence charts (LSC) in the context of object-orientation. Polymorphic scenarios are visualized using (modal) sequence diagrams where lifelines may represent classes and interfaces rather than concrete objects. Their semantics takes advantage of inheritance and interface realization to allow the specification of most expressive, succinct, and reusable universal and existential inter-object scenarios for object-oriented system models. We motivate the use of polymorphic scenarios, formally define their trace-based semantics, and present their application for scenario-based testing and execution, as implemented in the S2A compiler developed at the Weizmann Institute of Science. We further discuss advanced semantic issues arising from the use of scenarios in a polymorphic setting, suggest possible extensions, present a UML profile to support polymorphic scenarios, consider the application of the polymorphic semantics to other variants of scenario-based specification languages, and position our work in the broader context of behavioral subtyping.     

无线传感器网络通信协议及其在医学领域的研究进展

目前,无线传感器网络通信协议有多种标准,且在不同的应用领域其应用的深度和广度不一,这就造成了协议选择、应用乃至扩展上的诸多困难.利用EI数据库、SCI数据库、Scopus数据库及CNKI数据库文献检索和深度分析的功能,检索词为“无线传感器网络、通信协议、医学领域”等,对检索到的文献资料进行多层面综述研究,剖析总结了每一种协议的主要应用领域和优缺点,尤其是在医学领域的发展与应用,并对其未来的发展进行了展望.     

基于GSM短消息的地下水水位自动测报系统

地下水水位测量具有测点多而分散的特点,传统的地下水水位测报系统采用人工检测的方法获取水位数据,整个测量过程繁琐、费时,而且易受人为因素影响.为了向水位监测中心提供精确、及时的水位检测数据,本文提出了一种利用GSM网络的短消息业务,来实现水位自动测报系统中水位信息远距离传输的解决方案,给出了系统结构,工作原理,并着重论述了利用短消息实现远程通信的具体实现方法.目前,已将该技术应用于太原市地下水水位监测系统,成功的实现了水位信息的自动采集、存储、远程通信及实时查询.     

基于报文解析的变电站集中监控信息接入自动化调试验收系统

监控信息准确、可靠是集中监控运行基本条件,各级调控中心高度重视监控信息验收.在新、扩建输变电工程中,监控信息验收进展不顺,送电前领导焦急、调试人员无奈的现象时常出现.因此,以问题为导向,创新思维,统一设计,提出优质解决方案,专门研究设计了一套基于报文解析的变电站集中监控信息接入自动化调试验收系统,旨在提高验收效率,提升...     

基于GSM短消息的地下水水位自动测报系统

地下水水位测量具有测点多而分散的特点,传统的地下水水位测报系统采用人工检测的方法获取水位数据,整个测量过程繁琐、费时,而且易受人为因素影响。为了向水位监测中心提供精确、及时的水位检测数据,本文提出了一种利用GSM网络的短消息业务,来实现水位自动测报系统中水位信息远距离传输的解决方案,给出了系统结构,工作原理,并着重论述了利用短消息实现远程通信的具体实现方法。目前,已将该技术应用于太原市地下水水位监测系统,成功的实现了水位信息的自动采集、存储、远程通信及实时查询。