无线传感器网络中基于链路转发的拓扑控制算法

提出一种基于链路转发的混合分簇(LTHC)拓扑控制算法.该算法是在传统低功耗自适应集簇分层型(LEACH)算法的基础上,通过改变簇首的通信方式来降低能耗.算法主要思想是:在网络生成若干簇后,在簇首与SINK节点之间建立一条链路,并且链路节点为非簇首节点,簇首通过该链路转发数据到SINK节点.通过这种通信方式可以有效降低离SINK节点较远的簇首能量消耗,使得网络的能量消耗平均分布到网络其他节点上,从而延长网络的生命期,提高网络通信量.通过仿真,发现LTCH算法远远优于传统LEACH算法,在通信量和网络生存期上都有很大的提高.     

Topology control for directed diffusion in wireless sensor networks

Due to severely constrained energy, storage capacity and computing power for nodes in wireless sensor network, the routing protocols have become a hot research topic. Directed diffusion is a communication paradigm for information dissemination in sensor networks based on data-centric routing. An energy efficient hybrid adaptive clustering for directed diffusion is presented in the paper. The main goal is to curb the interests flooding overhead by clustering. Hybrid of active and passive clustering creation is used to make tradeoff between maintenance cost and delay. The adaptive turning off the radio of redundant nodes and rotation of cluster heads is used to save energy. The ns-2 simulating results show that the protocol has good performances in energy consuming, delivery ratio and delay without leading to too much overhead comparing with existing directed diffusion protocols.     

Topology control for delay-constraint data collection in wireless sensor networks

Data collection is one of the most important operations in wireless sensor networks. Many practical applications require the real-time data transmission, such as monitoring, tracking, etc. In this paper, we import and define the topology control problem for delay-constraint data collection (TDDC), and then formalize this problem into an integer programming problem. As NP-Hardness of this problem, we present a load-aware power-increased topology control algorithm (namely LPTC) to heuristically solve the problem. The theoretical analysis shows that this algorithm can reach O(1)-approximation ratio for the linear networks. And we also analyze the impact of the delay-constraint on the worst-case for the planar networks. Moreover, this paper designs two localized algorithms, called as SDEL and DDEL, based on the area division for TDDC problem. The experimental results show that LPTC algorithm can save at least 17% power consumptions compared with HBH algorithm in many situations.     

基于超图理论的无线传感器网络可靠通信协议

利用超图理论进行建模,从传感器网络的传输层、网络层和MAC层分别进行分析,提出了一种无线传感器网络可靠通信协议RCBHGT,Sink节点发送泛洪,先建立超边路由,然后数据采集节点发送RREQ,建立超边内路由,利用超边内数据确认机制,保证了数据可靠稳定传输,仿真结果表明:在通信环境比较恶劣的情况下,RCBHGT能够使用较低的能耗,保证数据的可靠传输.     

基于图刚性的无线传感器网络定位新算法

针对分布式 MDS-MAP 算法的不足,提出了一种基于图刚性理论的无线传感器定位新算法 MDS-MAP (GR)。算法利用图的刚性理论,确定网络中的所有刚性子区域,然后利用合并定理将刚性子区域进行扩展,最后对合并得到的刚性区域利用 MDS-MAP 算法和锚节点实现网络中节点的大规模定位。算法尽可能对刚性区域进行合并,节省了执行 MDS-MAP 算法的次数,提高了执行效率。通过在不同拓扑结构的无线传感器网络中进行了仿真实验,说明了提出的算法能有效定位不同半径下网络中90%以上的节点,另外,新方法比现有方法在定位成功率上提高了4%～5%,并且定位精度提高了2%～3．5%左右。算法适用于大规模无线传感器网络中的快速定位。     

基于功率控制的WSNs跨层方案

无线传感器网络(W SNs)协议设计中既要考虑网络性能,又要考虑能量消耗。由于考虑的因素众多,传统的分层方法通常不能满足多个目标。提出一种基于功率控制的跨层路由方案,基于微经济学中效用的概念,通过对每个链路的功率进行控制,减少不必要发送功率,减少节点之间相互干扰,节省能耗。通过基于效用的路由度量,均衡网络性能,延长网络生存期。     

基于功率控制的无线传感器网络定位算法

针对无线传感器网络自身定位问题,提出了一种基于功率控制的定位算法(PCLA),算法通过计算信号覆盖区域的交叉点重心确定节点位置.在算法中,每个信标节点广播不同功率等级的无线信号信息,且节点之间不需要严格的时间同步和相互协作.传感器节点只是简单的接收并保存信标节点传播的有用信息,不需要和邻居节点进行信息交换,复杂的计算由汇聚节点完成,减少了节点的能量消耗,延长了网络寿命.最后仿真结果表明了该算法的有效性.     

Congestion control in wireless sensor networks based on bird flocking behavior

This paper proposes that the flocking behavior of birds can guide the design of a robust, scalable and self-adaptive congestion control protocol in the context of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The proposed approach adopts a swarm intelligence paradigm inspired by the collective behavior of bird flocks. The main idea is to ‘guide’ packets (birds) to form flocks and flow towards the sink (global attractor), whilst trying to avoid congestion regions (obstacles). The direction of motion of a packet flock is influenced by repulsion and attraction forces between packets, as well as the field of view and the artificial magnetic field in the direction of the artificial magnetic pole (sink). The proposed approach is simple to implement at the individual node, involving minimal information exchange. In addition, it displays global self-1 properties and emergent behavior, achieved collectively without explicitly programming these properties into individual packets. Performance evaluations show the effectiveness of the proposed Flock-based Congestion Control (Flock-CC) mechanism in dynamically balancing the offered load by effectively exploiting available network resources and moving packets to the sink. Furthermore, Flock-CC provides graceful performance degradation in terms of packet delivery ratio, packet loss, delay and energy tax under low, high and extreme traffic loads. In addition, the proposed approach achieves robustness against failing nodes, scalability in different network sizes and outperforms typical conventional approaches.     

基于异构比特速率的无线传感器网络拥塞控制技术

针对多跳汇聚无线传感器网络漏斗效应引起的拥塞和能耗问题,提出基于异构比特速率的无线传感器网络拥塞控制技术,通过增大漏斗区域转发节点的比特速率来提高处理能力.为实现异构比特速率传输,在硬件上设计了基于ATmega128微处理器和CC1100射频芯片的传感器节点,支持多种比特速率通信;在软件上改进了TinyOS系统组件,实现比特速率动态切换.通过实际部署的传感器网络实验表明:在趋于饱和的流量下有效缓解了网络拥塞,吞吐量提高了18.6％.     

基于无线传感网络的噪声测试系统

为了解决噪声的长期、在线测试,设计了一个基于无线传感网络的噪声测试系统,可实现噪声数据的多点在线采集和实时处理。噪声数据可在无人值守的测试节点获得,并通过无线传感网络传送至数据中心。数据经过处理计算后,将给出各类特征数据和数据曲线。经过调试完成的系统是一套完整的嵌入式应用系统,包含嵌入式硬件平台、嵌入式操作系统、噪声数据测试和传输系统。该系统可广泛应用于噪声测试或需要长时间进行噪声监测的场合。     

基于无线传感器网络的手持式校准器

设计了基于无线传感网络自动气象站的手持式校准器,主要包括ZigBee协议栈处理器为核心的无线传输功能模块、单片计算机、液晶显示模块、NANDFlash存储器、时钟电路等。详细介绍了手持式校准器的软硬件设计方法,实现了对无线传感网络自动气象站的被校准传感器所发送数据的无线接收、显示和存储,通过与标准器读数比对并发送校准命令来校准现场传感器的零点及满量程,同时发送打印数据给无线打印机,实现校准结果的无线打印。     

Cross-layer congestion control of wireless sensor networks based on fuzzy sliding mode control

Neural Computing and Applications - Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) act as a building block of Internet of Things and have been used in various applications to sense environment and transmit data...     

无线传感器网络的覆盖控制

覆盖控制作为无线传感器网络中的一个基本问题,在国内外已经取得了一些研究成果。根据不同的性质,覆盖控制问题可以划分为不同的类型(如,静态覆盖和动态覆盖、确定性覆盖和随机性覆盖)。主要针对静态覆盖(区域覆盖、点覆盖、栅栏覆盖)问题中一些典型算法,分类进行了描述,并比较了它们之间的优缺点,最后,指出了需要进一步的研究工作。     

Energy efficient coverage control in wireless sensor networks based on multi-objective genetic algorithm

Due to the constrained energy and computational resources available to sensor nodes, the number of nodes deployed to cover the whole monitored area completely is often higher than if a deterministic procedure were used. Activating only the necessary number of sensor nodes at any particular moment is an efficient way to save the overall energy of the system. A novel coverage control scheme based on multi-objective genetic algorithm is proposed in this paper. The minimum number of sensors is selected in a densely deployed environment while preserving full coverage. As opposed to the binary detection sensor model in the previous work, a more precise detection model is applied in combination with the coverage control scheme. Simulation results show that our algorithm can achieve balanced performance on different types of detection sensor models while maintaining high coverage rate. With the same number of deployed sensors, our scheme compares favorably with the existing schemes.     

一种基于非合作博弈的无线传感器网络功率控制算法

提出了一种无线传感器网络中以容量最大化为目标的非合作博弈功率控制算法。通过效益函数来选择合适的发射功率,以保证网络连通性并缓解分组碰撞状况。而后给出了对该算法纳什均衡存在性和唯一性的证明。仿真结果表明:该算法可有效提高能量效率和网络容量。     

Power control based topology construction for the distributed wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor network consists of large number of sensor nodes with limited battery power, which are randomly deployed over certain area for several applications. Due to limited energy resource of sensors, each of them should minimize the energy consumption to prolong the network lifetime. In this paper, a distributed algorithm for the multi-hop wireless sensor network is proposed to construct a novel energy efficient tree topology, without having location information of the nodes. Energy conservation of the nodes is accomplished by controlling transmission power of the nodes. Besides, maintenance of the network topology due to energy scarcity of the gateway nodes is also proposed in the protocol. Simulation results show that our distributed protocol can achieve energy conservation up to an optimum level similar to the centralized algorithm that we have considered and can extend the network lifetime as compared to other distributed algorithms without any power control.     

基于隐私分级的WSN数据融合

无线传感器网络数据融合的现有隐私技术没有提供隐私分级且能耗较大.为了保护数据融合隐私,在隐私分级的基础上,提出数据融合隐私分级保护,基于参与预处理数据的节点数而提供不同的隐私级.根据所需隐私级,同一簇内的所有节点被分为多个组,同一组内的所有节点具有相同的隐私级,数据仅在同一组内进行处理.与存在的技术比较,数据融合隐私分级保护在确保期望的隐私级时,具有较低的能耗.     

基于无线传感器网络的温度场绘制

论述了基于无线传感器网络的温度场绘制.无线节点上的温度传感器采集环境温度信息,然后通过Zig Bee无线网络发送到Sink节点,通过串口连接电脑,在电脑上进行数据处理.详细的介绍了系统的组成和数据采集,着重分析了数据处理中的数据融合,同时运用地理信息系统中的克里金数据插值方法进行数据插值,最后使用VC++和OpenGL...     

基于无线传感器网络的战场目标跟踪

基于无线传感器网络,对目标定位跟踪应用进行了研究。在对目标定位跟踪时,如何既保证跟踪精度又能有效降低能量消耗,针对这个问题,提出了一种简便的加权坐标质心定位方法,通过对目标的定位,给出了一种基于测量信息的跟踪方法,方法实现简单。性能分析表明:提出的定位跟踪方法能有效地降低能量消耗,延长节点和网络寿命,基本可以满足战场目标跟踪需求。     

基于无线传感器网络的Modbus虚拟设备

为有机结合无线传感器网络(WSN)和Modbus现场总线网络,提出了一种新的解决方案,利用网关的协议转换功能,将无线传感器网络节点虚拟成Modbus设备,从而扩展了Modbus协议的使用范围。该方案的优点在于不增加无线传感器网络节点的开销实现无线传感器网络和Modbus总线的无缝集成,同时保证了无线传感器网络响应Modbus查询时的实时性。仿真实验证明了该方案的可行性。