共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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为开发低脂猪肉丸,本实验分别用发酵麸皮和非发酵麸皮替代猪肉丸中部分脂肪,比较了发酵麸皮及非发酵麸皮对猪肉丸感官品质、色泽、质构的影响,且对相同添加量的发酵麸皮及非发酵麸皮对猪肉丸的挥发性物质及脂肪酸组成进行了分析。结果表明:添加非发酵麸皮后,猪肉丸的硬度、红度及黄度增加,弹性、粘聚性及亮度减小,最大可接受添加量为4%;当麸皮经过发酵处理后添加,麸皮最大可接受添加量提高至8%,并且相对于非发酵麸皮猪肉丸而言,猪肉丸的感官品质、质构特性及亮度得到明显改善。电子鼻及GC-MS分析结果显示,非发酵麸皮及发酵麸皮添加后,猪肉丸中的挥发性风味物质构成发生变化。与非发酵麸皮肉相比,发酵麸皮猪肉丸中醇类、酯类风味成分的相对含量及种类增加;同时非发酵与发酵麸皮取代部分肥肉,可降低猪肉丸的脂肪含量,使猪肉丸中饱和脂肪酸百分含量降低,不饱和脂肪酸百分含量增加。综上,因发酵麸皮的添加能够改善猪肉丸品质,并且能够增加其在肉制品的添加量,从而更多地降低猪肉丸的脂肪含量,所以最终选择发酵麸皮加入到猪肉丸的加工中。 相似文献
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以脱壳亚麻籽为原料,采用水媒法制备亚麻籽分离蛋白(FPI)。研究了热处理对FPI亚基组成、挥发性物质种类和含量及其功能性质的影响。结果表明:随着热处理时间的延长,FPI亚基的聚集与解离加剧,当95℃加热10 min时,FPI的亚基组成即可发生较大的变化,35~50 kDa的亚基能够迅速解离;热处理后FPI中挥发性物质从32种增加至42种,主要种类仍为醛类、醇类和酮类,但呈现树叶味、青草味的风味物质减少,而呈现油脂味、烧焦味、烤香味的风味物质增加;在pH 7.0时,经热处理的FPI的溶解性从30%降至25%,而大豆分离蛋白(SPI)的溶解性从95%降至35%。热处理后,FPI的乳化活性从17.43 m2/g升高至26.03 m2/g,乳化稳定性由43.28 min降至37.45min,而持水性与持油性均无明显变化。 相似文献
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研究用酵母茵发酵小麦麸皮来降低植酸,增加可溶性阿拉伯木聚糖(SAX)和总酚含量以改善小麦麸皮营养价值。通过测定发酵pH和总滴定酸(TTA)及小麦麸皮成分(淀粉、蛋白质、膳食纤维、SAX、植酸、总酚含量)的变化,以研究发酵温度(25、30、35℃)和时间(12、24、36、48 h)对小麦麸皮的影响。结果表明,小麦麸皮经发酵后,pH略有下降,TTA上升;蛋白质显著增加;淀粉和膳食纤维下降;SAX和总酚含量均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,最大分别增加了212%和49.4%;植酸显著降低,在35℃、48 h发酵后最大下降了43.3%。经酵母菌发酵后,发酵酸度和小麦麸皮成分有显著变化。 相似文献
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褐变是影响鲜切马铃薯贮藏品质的重要因素之一。该研究探讨45、50℃热处理1~4 min对鲜切马铃薯褐变和挥发性风味物质的影响,以期为鲜切马铃薯品质保持提供调控技术和理论依据。45、50℃热处理4 min鲜切马铃薯在室温下2 h就观察到轻微的褐变,L*值下降10.51%、14.96%;a*值上升2.74、3.84,而45、50℃热处理1~3 min组鲜切马铃薯6 h内均未观察到褐变现象。与对照组相比,45℃热处理1~3 min组鲜切马铃薯硬度无显著变化,而其余热处理组硬度显著降低;两种温度1~3 min热处理组鲜切马铃薯苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、过氧化物酶(POD)酶活性和总酚含量分别降低了27.81%~33.68%、18.33%~50.37%、6.22%~28.92%。45℃热处理1~3min和50℃热处理1~2min热处理组较好的维持鲜切马铃薯原有的挥发性风味物质。总的来说,45、50℃热处理1~3 min可有效的抑制鲜切马铃薯褐变;其中,45℃热处理3 min抑制马铃薯褐变的同时较好维持了硬度、色泽、抗坏血酸含量和挥发性风味物质。 相似文献
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超高压及热处理对中国沙棘原浆挥发性成分影响的比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
比较超高压及热处理对沙棘原浆挥发性成分的影响差异。沙棘原浆经500?MPa超高压30?℃处理15?min(处理组),或90?℃热处理40?min(对照组),采用顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析处理对沙棘原浆挥发性成分的影响。结果表明,超高压处理可提高沙棘原浆中的挥发性成分,处理组的挥发性成分总含量高于对照组61%;处理组各类挥发性成分含量均与对照组存在显著差异,其中醇类和酯类的含量显著高于对照组;除酯类和酸类成分的种类低于对照组外,处理组其他挥发性成分的种类与对照组之间无差异。根据气味活性值大于0.2的原则,确定12?种对沙棘原浆香气贡献较大的组分,其中α-松油醇、己酸乙酯等10?种组分处理组高于对照组,壬醛和3-甲基丁酸处理组显著低于对照组。综上所述,超高压处理可显著提高沙棘原浆中的挥发性成分,其作用与促进底物释放,激活糖苷酶和酯酶分解结合态挥发性成分密切相关。 相似文献
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发酵前热处理对酸奶品质影响较大,本文利用脱脂椰浆为主要原料,不加入任何动物成分,通过乳酸菌发酵制成椰子植物酸奶,研究不同的热处理条件对椰子植物酸奶品质的影响。通过对产品的感官、理化性质(pH值、滴定酸度、持水力、色差)、质构特性、挥发性成分进行测定,选择适宜的热处理条件。结果表明,经过65 ℃-30 min热处理的椰子植物酸奶,pH值为4.55,滴定酸度为92.67 oT,持水力为88.75%,酸甜可口,无乳清析出现象,组织状态好,黏稠度适宜,色泽均匀,感官评分为84.97。利用GC-IMS法从椰浆及不同热处理的椰子植物酸奶中共鉴定出14种挥发性成分,主要是醇类、酮类、醛类和酯类。构成发酵风味的重要物质2,3-丁二酮在热处理条件为65 ℃-30 min时含量最高。综合得出:65 ℃-30 min热处理制备的椰子植物酸奶口感品质良好。 相似文献
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Wheat bran, an important by-product of the cereal industry, is rich in potentially health-promoting phenolic compounds. In this paper, the phenolic compounds from wheat bran were extracted by ultrasound-assisted extraction technology. The experiments were carried out according to a five level, three variable central composite rotatable design (CCRD), and the best possible combination of solvent concentration, extraction temperature and extraction time with the application of ultrasound, for maximum extraction of phenolic compounds from wheat bran, was obtained, through response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: ethanol concentration, 64%; extraction temperature, 60 °C; and extraction time, 25 min; and the extraction time was the most significant parameter for the process. Under the above-mentioned conditions, the experimental total phenolic content was 3.12 mg gallic acid equivalents/g of wheat bran tested, which is well matched with the predicted content. 相似文献
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研究pH酸性偏移(pH 1.5)结合热处理(50、60 ℃)对米糠蛋白结构的影响。结果表明,pH酸性偏移使得米糠蛋白部分无规卷曲和β-转角结构展开,形成氨基酸侧链;结合热处理时,随着处理时间的延长,米糠蛋白二级结构呈现去折叠-复折叠的复杂变化。pH酸性偏移使得米糠蛋白巯基氧化,热处理会加剧米糠蛋白巯基氧化程度。分子量分布、蛋白质电泳和内源荧光光谱结果表明,pH酸性偏移使得米糠蛋白聚集体解离;而结合热处理后,随着处理时间的延长,米糠蛋白又会通过疏水相互作用或氧化作用形成聚集体。表面疏水性和溶解性的变化进一步说明了米糠蛋白在pH酸性偏移结合热处理过程中的分子展开-聚集行为。 相似文献
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《食品与发酵工业》2019,(22):165-170
小麦麸皮富含膳食纤维,将其应用到火腿肠类肉糜制品中,可降低脂肪含量,提高营养价值,但麸皮的添加会造成产品口感粗糙,风味、组织结构变差。为改善这一现状并提高麸皮添加量,该实验对麸皮进行发酵制备发酵麸皮,并用大豆油对发酵麸皮进行预乳化处理,分别将预乳化发酵麸皮和发酵麸皮添加到火腿肠中,对比不同麸皮对火腿肠感官、色差、质构特性以及脂肪酸组成的影响。结果表明,火腿肠添加发酵麸皮后,产品的色泽和口感变差,感官评分下降,麸皮最大添加量(质量分数)为6%;发酵麸皮经预乳化处理后,火腿肠的色泽、感官和质构特性相比发酵麸皮火腿肠都有显著改善,其麸皮最大添加量(质量分数)提高到8%;且产品不饱和脂肪酸显著增加,饱和脂肪酸显著下降。由此可见,使用大豆油对发酵麸皮进行预乳化处理后,能够显著改善产品感官和质构特性,提高产品营养价值,提高麸皮的综合利用价值。 相似文献
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研究了麦麸及其成分对菌体生长和多糖累积的影响。结果表明,麦麸蛋白和可溶性纤维对曲霉菌体增殖和多糖累积无积极的作用,而麦麸阿魏酸对菌体增殖虽无明显作用但却可显著提高多糖产量。当以葡萄糖发酵培养基培养菌体36h时添加2%的麦麸阿魏酸,使得曲霉多糖产量提高至7.89g/L,比葡萄糖培养基提高了37.9%。 相似文献
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Kunwadee Kaewka Chockchai Therakulkait Keith R. Cadwallader 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2011,46(8):1654-1660
Rice bran protein concentrate (RBPc) was hydrolysed by 0.5 N aqueous HCl at 95 °C for 12 h. The liquid hydrolysate obtained was prepared as hydrolysate powder by spray drying. Aroma volatile compounds in liquid hydrolysate and its hydrolysate powder were tentatively identified by GC‐MS. Furfural and vanillin were found in both hydrolysates with high concentration, and vanillin showed the highest odour activity value. Hexanal was present in only liquid hydrolysate. Concentrations of carboxylic acids and heterocyclic compounds, especially 2‐methoxy‐6‐methylpyrazine, increased after drying. Amino acid composition of the hydrolysate powder showed high aspartic acid and glutamic acid. Aroma volatile compounds of hydrolysate powder prepared by the addition of proline at pH 6.0 (Pro6.0‐H) and pH 7.5 (Pro7.5‐H) before drying were investigated. Furaneol was found only in Pro6.0‐H, but it was not detected in Pro7.5‐H and hydrolysate powder without proline addition. Pro7.5‐H had higher furfural and vanillin concentrations than Pro6.0‐H. 相似文献
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Rapid prediction of deoxynivalenol contamination in wheat bran by MOS‐based electronic nose and characterization of the relevant pattern of volatile compounds 下载免费PDF全文
Vincenzo Lippolis Salvatore Cervellieri Anna Damascelli Michelangelo Pascale Annalisa Di Gioia Francesco Longobardi Annalisa De Girolamo 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2018,98(13):4955-4962
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Haoxin Wang Hongyi Sun Pangzhen Zhang Zhongxiang Fang 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2019,54(12):3156-3165
Wheat bran is a major milling by-product with significant nutritional importance. This study investigated the influence of processing on the antioxidant activity and volatile profile of wheat bran tea. The processing protocol involved two different pretreatments: soaking and cellulase treatment, followed by steaming and roasting. The results indicated that total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were reduced post both pretreatments, but increased after steaming, and dramatically increased after roasting. The cellulase-roasted samples had significantly higher antioxidant activity compared to soak-roasted samples. A total of forty key volatile compounds were identified in the wheat bran tea. The total volatile compounds were significantly increased by both soaking and cellulase treatments and steaming, but reduced by roasting. Compared to soaking pretreatment, cellulase pretreated samples had significantly higher total volatile compounds at each processing step. This study offers a practical method in processing of wheat bran into novel grain tea products. 相似文献