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Ce4+掺杂混晶纳米TiO2粉体的制备及其性能表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以钛酸丁酯为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了掺杂Ce^4+并具有混晶结构的TiO2纳米粉体材料。研究了掺杂离子对TiO2晶型和催化活性的影响,用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、紫外-可见分光光度计等对其进行测试表征。测试结果表明:Ce^4+的掺杂促进了TiO2的相变,并且抑制了晶粒生长,使纳米TiO2的光谱响应范围拓展到可见光区;光催化降解亚甲基兰实验表明,Ce^4+掺杂量为0.2%、煅烧温度为850℃制备的纳米TiO2锐钛矿含量为63%,此时的光催化活性最佳,1h内对亚甲基兰的降解率达98.5%。 相似文献
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金属离子掺杂纳米TiO2能加强二氧化钛的光催化降解能力。用溶胶凝胶法制备了银锌共掺杂纳米TiO2,并以甲基橙光催化降解为例考察掺杂离子、掺杂量、催化剂加入量等对光催化性能的影响。 相似文献
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Ce4+的掺杂和染料结构对TiO2光催化性能的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用浸渍法制备了掺杂Ce^4 的TiO2粉体光催化剂,考察了Ce^4 的含量对TiO2光催化性能的影响,并且研究了它对直接耐晒蓝和4,2-(吡啶偶氮)-间笨二酚钠两种染料的降解效果。结果表明,以TiO2干凝胶为母体,浸渍Ce^4 所制备的粉体光催化剂Ce^4 /TiO2降解效果分别比纯TiO2高45%和23%其对偶氮基团的分解效果明显高于对吡啶环和间苯二酚基的分解。X射线衍射分析表明,该法制备的TiO2粉体中锐钛矿相占90%以上,没有铈的氧化物形式,平均晶粒粒径为1nm;红外吸收光谱分析表明,Ce^4 /TiO2和TiO2红外吸收光谱图相似,说明掺杂Ce^4 并没有极大地改变TiO2的化学结构。 相似文献
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通过溶胶-凝胶法分别制备了La^3+-Ce^3+共掺杂及Fe^3+-Ce^3+共掺杂的TiO2纳米粉体。利用透射电镜(TEM)对粒子的形貌和粒径进行了表征,并用分光光度法研究了粉体对甲基橙溶液的降解。通过分析共掺杂离子的掺杂量和样品的煅烧温度对降解率的影响,对所制备粉体的光催化性能进行了研究。结果表明,La^3+-Ce^3+共掺杂的TiO2粉体其光催化活性有较大提高。 相似文献
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钒镧共掺杂TiO2纳米粉体的制备及光催化性能研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2光催化剂,用V、La进行共掺杂改性,以甲基橙为目标降解物,研究了不同掺杂量下催化剂的光催化活性,并利用XRD、UV-Vis等表征手段对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,共掺体系的最佳掺杂量为n(V)n(TiO2)=0.05%,n(La)n(TiO2)=0.05%.此掺杂量下的TiO2粉体对甲基橙有良好的降解效果,反应12 min降解效率达到99.6%,优于同等条件下制得的纯TiO2粉体. 相似文献
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Fe,N共掺杂TiO_2/SiO_2复合材料的制备及光催化性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用溶胶—凝胶法制备了掺杂不同量Fe,N的TiO2/SiO2复合纳米粒子。通过红外光谱、X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜等对制备的样品的结构和形貌进行表征。以甲基橙水溶液的光催化降解为模拟反应,在紫外光照射下评价了样品的光催化活性。结果表明:Fe,N共掺杂TiO2/SiO2为核壳结构,SiO2核与TiO2壳间形成了Ti—O—Si键。由于金属Fe3+离子抑制光生载流子的复合,非金属N降低了TiO2/SiO2的带隙能,Fe,N共掺杂的协同作用使复合TiO2/SiO2具有更好的光催化性能。共掺杂0.05%Fe及0.05%N的TiO2/SiO2复合光催化粒子的催化活性最高,光照1h后对甲基橙的降解率提高到52%。 相似文献
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Solid solutions of diphosphates of zinc and copper and of zinc and cobalt were synthesized from mixtures of pure diphosphates at temperatures up to 1000°C. Their X-ray diffractometry patterns varied continuously from one end member to the other. Solid solutions of orthophosphates of composition Zn3−x Cox(PO4 )2, with x = 0.4–1.6, were formed at temperatures up to 950°C; all exhibited the structure of γ-Zn3 (PO4 )2. Solid solutions of orthophosphates of composition Zn3−x Cux (PO4 )2 exhibited more-complex behavior. At 1000°C and copper contents of 20–80 mol%, a phase that is related to Cu3 (PO4 )2, termed here the "ε-phase," predominated. At 850°–950°C and in the region from 20 mol% to ∼33 mol% of copper, the solid solutions (the "η-phase") adopted the structure of graftonite. At 800°–900°C and 10–15 mol% of copper, the solid solutions exhibited a new structure (the "δ-phase"), which we found to be related to the mineral sarcopside. At temperatures 950°C, the solutions that contained 5–15 mol% of copper (the "β-phase") had the structure of β-Zn3 (PO4 )2, whereas at 800°–850°C, solutions with 5 mol% of copper (the "-phase") exhibited the structure of γ-Zn3 (PO4 )2. Attempts to synthesize Cu+ ZnPO4 and Cu+ Cu2+ Zn3 (PO4 )3 were unsuccessful. 相似文献
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为了提高油田的生产效率,设计最佳的油气集输处理的工艺流程,更好地完成油气水分离处理的任务。对油气集输工艺技术进行优化,发挥高效油气水分离处理设备的优势,提高油气水处理的质量,保证油气集输工艺顺利实施,获得最佳的油田产量外输。 相似文献
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建设创新型国家是我们中华民族的历史责任。“自主创新、重点突破、支撑发展、引领未来”的16字方针应当成为我们未来创新活动的指南。建设创新型国家把自主创新放在首位,并提出了引领未来的高标准要求。钢铁科技创新必须突出重点,抓住创新成果产业化这个关键,支撑起行业和国民经济的发展。 相似文献
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相比已经完善丰富的开采和勘探技术,油气的运输以及储存却仍然存在不足之处。我国对能源安全提出更加严格要求的同时,对区域经济的发展规划也有足够重视。因此,保障油气管道的安全则成为了我国能源安全战略的重中之重。在阐释油气管道现阶段在储运安全保障技术发展状况的基础上,分析了现存的问题及解决问题的手段,并指出未来可能使用的目标策略,为今后研究者提供一定程度上的借鉴经验。 相似文献
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膜的污染和劣化及其防治对策 总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25
较为系统地介绍了膜污染和劣化的定义和特点,因膜污染和劣化而造成的膜性能变化,以及如何预防、减少或清除膜污染和劣化的一些通用方法。 相似文献
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James L. White David G. Salladay David O. Quisenberry Donald L. MacLean 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1972,16(11):2811-2827
Gel permeation chromatographic (GPC) and thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) studies of polystyrene, polybutadienes (BR), and their copolymers (SBR) have been carried out. GPC primarily separates them on the basis of molecular size, and TLC, on the basis of composition. Methods of obtaining absolute molecular weight distributions for BR and SBR based upon variations of the Strasbourg Universal Calibration procedure are described. In particular, [η]–M relationships in both the GPC solvent (THF) and in a second solvent (toluene) were used; in addition, results of statistical mechanical calculations for \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\overline {s^2 }$\end{document} (based on the assumption of negligible steric hindrance and freely rotating bonds) were applied. An experimental comparison of these methods was carried out, and use of the [η]–M relationships for both solvents was found to give satisfactory results. The predictions of the statistical theory were too low. A detailed study of polymer–solvent–gel interaction in the GPC unit was made through investigation of ternary phase equilibrium in the (polystyrene)–THF–(polymer) system. The polymers studied included BR and SBR with varying styrene contents. Experimental techniques for TLC separations of BR, SBR, and polystyrene according to the composition are described. 相似文献