基于贪心算法和模拟退火算法的软硬件划分

软硬件划分是嵌入式系统设计过程中一个关键环节,已经被证明是一个NP问题。针对目前算法在进行大任务集下的软硬件划分时计算复杂度高、不能快速收敛,且找到的全局最优解的质量不佳等问题,提出一种基于贪心算法和模拟退火算法相融合的软硬件划分方法。首先将软硬件划分问题规约为变异的0-1背包问题,在求解背包问题的算法基础上用贪心算法构造出初始划分解;然后,对代价函数的解空间进行合理的区域划分,并基于划分的区间设计新的代价函数,采用改进的模拟退火算法对初始划分进行全局寻优。实验结果表明,与目前已有的类似改进算法相比,新算法在任务划分质量和算法运行时间两个方面的提升率最大可达到8%和17%左右,具有高效性和实用性。     

基于改进模拟退火的RISP软硬件划分

软硬件划分是可重构指令集处理器在软硬件协同设计中的关键问题.已经被证明是一个NP难问题;模拟退火在解决该类问题的算法中较为常用,但在任务数变大时,其收敛速度过慢且不一定能找到有效近似最优解,通过将cauchy分布引入扰动模型同时将其距离参数△y乘上一个系数,然后在已有代价函数的基础上提出一个更加有效的边界条件,最后将冷却进度表的算式乘上一个权值,以此加快算法的收敛速度;实验结果表明,和经典模拟退火算法相比,新算法的收敛速度明显提高,同时得到的解更接近最优解,其性能优势在任务数增大时尤为明显。     

K均值聚类和模拟退火融合的软硬件划分

文章提出了一种K均值聚类和模拟退火融合的软硬件划分算法。算法首先将有相似属性的任务节点通过K均值聚类算法组成一个大的任务节点,而后使用模拟退火算法划分由大的任务节点组成的系统。通过对比经典的模拟退火软硬件划分技术以及实验结果的验证表明,使用K均值聚类和模拟退火融合的软硬件划分算法使有着较多任务节点的复杂系统的软硬件划分快速收敛到合适的值。     

基于自适应蚁群算法的软硬件划分

为了更好地解决软硬件双路划分问题,提出一种自适应蚁群算法．基本思想是：对状态转移概率与信息素挥发因子,采取自适应调节策略．保证了算法前期蚁群的随机性较大,可以充分全局搜索;算法后期蚁群的随机性降低,以使算法在较短的时间内收敛．对不同节点的控制数据流图进行仿真实验,表明在同等条件下,相对于改进模拟退火、改进禁忌搜索、改进蚁群算法以及ＤＣＧ３Ａ 方法,所提出算法的命中率与收敛时间结果均更优．节点规模越大,优势尤其明显．     

基于改进遗传与模拟退火融合的RISP软硬件划分

软硬件划分是可重构指令集处理器在软硬件协同设计中的关键问题,通过对比遗传算法和经典模拟退火算法的优缺点,提出改进遗传算法的适应度函数,同时将Tsallis接受准则引入到经典模拟退火当中;其思路是用遗传算法的结果来制约模拟退火算法产生的随机状态,然后由模拟退火的接受准则以及产生的随机状态函数对遗传算法的种群进行更新,从而找到全局近似最优解;实验结果证明,改进算法与单一遗传算法以及经典模拟退火算法相比,其收敛速度和适应度更好,找到全局近似最优解的概率更大。     

一种新的遗传模拟退火算法的软硬件划分方法

针对嵌入式系统软硬件划分问题,在分析遗传算法和模拟退火算法的主要优缺点的基础上,提出了一种新的小生境技术改进的遗传模拟退火算法（NGSA）,在遗传算法中融入模拟退火思想,同时引入小生境技术,保持群体的多样性;并采用Metropolis 法则形成新群体,改善群体的质量。实验结果证明该算法具有很强的爬山能力和全局搜索能力,与遗传算法（GA）和模拟退火算法（SA）相比适应度明显提高。     

遗传和模拟退火融合的软硬件划分

针对嵌入式系统软硬件划分问题,在比较了遗传算法（GA）和模拟退火（SA）各自优缺点的基础上,提出了采用遗传/模拟退火混合算法（GASA）的策略。该算法的核心思想是将模拟退火算法嵌入到遗传算法中,利用遗传优化算法的结果来制约模拟退火的随机状态产生,然后根据模拟退火算法的接受准则和随机状态产生函数来更新遗传算法的种群,从而最终得到最优解。与单纯的遗传算法和模拟退火算法进行对比实验,实验结果表明,GASA更有优势,得到的划分结果也更优秀。     

基于遗传算法的软硬件划分方法

针对SOC软硬件协同设计中的软硬件划分问题,首先构建了软硬件划分的系统模型,讨论了影响SOC性能的价格、执行时间、功耗、面积等因素及其相互关系。在此基础上,提出了一个旨在实现最优性价比的目标函数,并结合软硬件划分问题自身的特点对传统遗传算法的遗传操作进行了改进,在Matlab中进行了软硬件划分方法的仿真,仿真实验获得的结果有力地证明了算法的稳定性和有效性。同时,该算法在MPEG-2视频解码芯片设计中得到了实际应用,芯片设计的结果良好地反映了设计目标,证明了算法的实用性。     

基于免疫算法的嵌入式系统软硬件划分方法

软硬件划分是嵌入式系统协同设计的关键问题之一。提出了一种划分模型,并通过改进的免疫算法解决了在多约束条件下软硬件划分的优化问题。在该免疫算法中,引入了免疫算子,通过从以往经验中提取疫苗,在生成子代过程中注入疫苗,使划分算法得到了优化。实验表明该算法具有较快的收敛速度,并且在总体性能上优于传统遗传算法。     

软硬件协同设计中的软硬件划分方法综述

近年来,随着信息领域的物联网、工业互联网、机器人等研究热点发展,嵌入式系统技术再次得到科技工作者和工程师的广泛关注和重视,同时嵌入式系统产品的集成度和性能要求越来越高.软硬件协同设计是开发嵌入式系统产品的重要方法之一,而软硬件划分是软硬件协同设计中的关键技术.本文对现有软硬件划分方法从不同层面进行梳理和分类,重点介绍几种常用的软硬件划分方法,并结合实例进行了详细阐述,最后对这几种方法进行综合比较,供嵌入式系统开发科技工作者和工程师参考.     

Algorithmic aspects of area-efficient hardware/software partitioning

Area efficiency is one of the major considerations in constraint aware hardware/software partitioning process. This paper focuses on the algorithmic aspects for hardware/software partitioning with the objective of minimizing area utilization under the constraints of execution time and power consumption. An efficient heuristic algorithm running in O(n log n) is proposed by extending the method devised for solving the 0-1 knapsack problem. Also, an exact algorithm based on dynamic programming is proposed to produce the optimal solution for small-sized problems. Simulation results show that the proposed heuristic algorithm yields very good approximate solutions while dramatically reducing the execution time.     

Algorithmic aspects for multiple-choice hardware/software partitioning

Hardware–software partitioning (HW/SW) divides an application into software and hardware. It is one of the crucial steps in embedded system design. For a given task, hardware with different areas may provide different execution speeds due to the potential of parallel execution in hardware implementation. Thus, one task may have multiple-choice in hardware implementation according to the available hardware areas. Existing HW/SW partitioning approaches typically consider only a single implementation manner in hardware, overlooking the multiple-choice of hardware implementations. This paper presents a computing model to cater for the HW/SW partitioning problems with the multiple-choice implementation in hardware. An efficient heuristic algorithm is proposed to rapidly generate approximate solution, that is further refined by a tabu search algorithm also customized in this paper. Moreover, a dynamic programming algorithm is proposed for the exact solution of the relatively small problems. Extensive simulation results show that the approximate solutions are very close to the exact ones, and they can be refined by tabu search to the solutions with the error no more than 1.5% for all cases considered in this paper.     

Low-complex dynamic programming algorithm for hardware/software partitioning

A low-complex algorithm is proposed for the hardware/software partitioning. The proposed algorithm employs dynamic programming principles while accounting for communication delays. It is shown that the time complexity of the latest algorithm has been reduced from O(n²⋅A) to O(n⋅A), without increase in space complexity, for n code fragments and hardware area A.     

Finding optimal hardware/software partitions

Most previous approaches to hardware/software partitioning considered heuristic solutions. In contrast, this paper presents an exact algorithm for the problem based on branch-and-bound. Several techniques are investigated to speed up the algorithm, including bounds based on linear programming, a custom inference engine to make the most out of the inferred information, advanced necessary conditions for partial solutions, and different heuristics to obtain high-quality initial solutions. It is demonstrated with empirical measurements that the resulting algorithm can solve highly complex partitioning problems in reasonable time. Moreover, it is about ten times faster than a previous exact algorithm based on integer linear programming. The presented methods can also be useful in other related optimization problems.