Improved adaptive integral line-of-sight guidance law and adaptive fuzzy path following control for underactuated MSV

This paper presents an adaptive fuzzy path following control law based on an improved adaptive integral line-of-sight (IAILOS) guidance law for the underactuated marine surface vessel (MSV) exposed to the time-varying ocean currents and time-varying sideslip angle. Initially, the IAILOS guidance law is proposed which can not only calculate the desired yaw angle but also estimate the time-varying ocean currents and time-varying sideslip angle simultaneously. Furthermore, the adaptive fuzzy path following control law is established by combining with the estimator to cope with the MSV’s attitude tracking control and velocity tracing control problem via backstepping technique. Specifically, the dynamic uncertainties and unknown environment disturbances are compensated by the fuzzy logic system with fuzzy updating law based on estimation error rather than tracking error. Additionally, two high-order tracking differentiators (TDs) are designed to construct derivatives of virtual control vector and reduce computational complexity inherent in backstepping method. It is proved that the proposed adaptive fuzzy path following control law can drive the vessel to track the desired path and tracking error can converge to an arbitrarily small compact set, while guaranteeing all signals in the closed-loop control system are uniformly ultimately bounded. Finally, simulation results and comparisons are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control approach.     

一类不确定时滞混沌系统的输出追踪控制

对一类不确定时滞混沌系统的输出追踪控制问题进行了研究，提出了一种新的控制方法。该方法表明具有期望系统动力学行为的线性时不变系统可作为时滞沌系统输出跟踪的参考模型。然后设计了追踪控制器驱动时滞混沌的输出跟踪期望的线性系统。基于这种设计方法，被控时滞混沌系统的输出可以具有同期望的系统相同的行为。最后给出的仿真实例说明了所给方法的有效性。     

基于协调误差的目标轨迹预见跟踪控制的研究

针对系统已知的空间目标轨迹，提出了一种基于协调误差的空间目标轨迹最优预见跟踪控制的方法，其核心是将轨迹的协调跟踪误差和轨迹的位置跟踪误差考虑成系统的状态变量，并实施最优反馈控制。仿真分析表明，该轨迹跟踪控制方法能够有效提高系统的轨迹跟踪控制精度。     

A delay decomposition approach to robust stability analysis of uncertain systems with time-varying delay

This paper is concerned with delay-dependent robust stability for uncertain systems with time-varying delays. The proposed method employs a suitable Lyapunov-Krasovskii's functional for new augmented system. Then, based on the Lyapunov method, a delay-dependent robust criterion is devised by taking the relationship between the terms in the Leibniz-Newton formula into account. By developing a delay decomposition approach, the information of the delayed plant states can be taken into full consideration, and new delay-dependent sufficient stability criteria are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) which can be easily solved by various optimization algorithms. Numerical examples are included to show that the proposed method is effective and can provide less conservative results.     

Admissibility analysis for linear singular systems with time-varying delays via neutral system approach

This paper studies the admissibility problem for a class of linear singular systems with time-varying delays. In order to highlight the relations between the delay and the state, the singular system is transformed into a neutral form. Then, an appropriate type of Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals is proposed to develop a delay-derivative-dependent admissibility condition in terms of linear matrix inequalities. The derivation combines the Wirtinger-based inequality and reciprocally convex combination method. The present criterion is also for the stability test of retarded and neutral systems with time-varying delays. Some examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness and the benefits of the proposed method.     

Non-fragile sampled-data robust synchronization of uncertain delayed chaotic Lurie systems with randomly occurring controller gain fluctuation

This paper proposes a new non-fragile stochastic control method to investigate the robust sampled-data synchronization problem for uncertain chaotic Lurie systems (CLSs) with time-varying delays. The controller gain fluctuation and time-varying uncertain parameters are supposed to be random and satisfy certain Bernoulli distributed white noise sequences. Moreover, by choosing an appropriate Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF), which takes full advantage of the available information about the actual sampling pattern and the nonlinear condition, a novel synchronization criterion is developed for analyzing the corresponding synchronization error system. Furthermore, based on the most powerful free-matrix-based integral inequality (FMBII), the desired non-fragile sampled-data estimator controller is obtained in terms of the solution of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, three numerical simulation examples of Chua's circuit and neural network are provided to show the effectiveness and superiorities of the proposed theoretical results.     

Delay-dependent exponential passivity of uncertain cellular neural networks with discrete and distributed time-varying delays

This paper is concerned with the delay-dependent exponential passivity analysis issue for uncertain cellular neural networks with discrete and distributed time-varying delays. By decomposing the delay interval into multiple equidistant subintervals and multiple nonuniform subintervals, a suitable augmented Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals are constructed on these intervals. A set of novel sufficient conditions are obtained to guarantee the exponential passivity analysis issue for the considered system. Finally, two numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.     

Cooperative preview tracking problem of discrete-time linear multi-agent systems: A distributed output regulation approach

We are concerned with the cooperative preview tracking problem of discrete-time linear multi-agent systems under the fixed directed acyclic communication topology. First, by introducing a preview-information-based auxiliary system and a type of distributed internal model, we establish an augmented system for each follower and formulate the cooperative preview tracking problem as a distributed output regulation (DOR) problem. Then, from the solvability of the DOR problem and the stabilizability of the augmented system, we present the sufficient conditions that guarantee the achievement of the cooperative tracking consensus. With this procedure, we finally propose a distributed dynamic feedback control law for the original problem with virtual regulated output integral and preview feedforward compensation.     

Stability analysis of neutral type neural networks with mixed time-varying delays using triple-integral and delay-partitioning methods

This paper investigates the asymptotical stability problem for a class of neutral type neural networks with mixed time-varying delays. The system not only has time-varying discrete delay, but also distributed delay, which has never been discussed in the previous literature. Firstly, improved stability criteria are derived by employing the more general delay partitioning approach and generalizing the famous Jensen inequality. Secondly, by constructing a newly augmented Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals, some less conservative stability criteria are established in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, four numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness and the advantage of the proposed main results.     

无人驾驶车辆路径跟踪控制预瞄距离自适应优化

基于道路信息,使用驾驶员预瞄模型产生执行器输入是无人驾驶车辆在路径跟踪中使用的主要方法之一,但对于车速较高与转弯半径小等工况,模型误差会导致较差的驾驶舒适性,车辆甚至失去稳定性。为提高无人驾驶车辆路径的跟踪精度,同时兼顾转向频度和车辆稳定性,提出基于粒子群多目标优化（Particle swarm optimization,PSO）算法的预瞄距离自适应驾驶员模型,并将之应用于路径跟踪控制。首先,基于单点预瞄偏差模型,采用滑模变结构设计转向控制器;其次,以路径跟踪精度、转向频度和车辆稳定性为综合性能指标,设计了PSO优化算法,实现了驾驶员模型预瞄距离的自适应寻优。最后,在搭建的CarSim-Simulink联合仿真平台与台架试验上,对所提出的预瞄距离自适应驾驶员预瞄模型进行了仿真和硬件在环试验验证。结果表明,经优化后的预瞄距离能够适应不同车速和道路曲率,驾驶员预瞄模型能兼顾路径跟踪精度、转向频度和车辆稳定性等需求。预瞄距离自适应驾驶员模型结合道路与车速信息,增大对路况与车况适应性,为无人驾驶车辆路径跟踪控制提供可靠的输入。     

基于面积误差评价的轨迹跟踪数字式最优预见控制

研究在数字最优预见控制中以面积误差作为评价函数的轨迹跟踪最优预见控制方法。首先 ,分析了轨迹跟踪控制的特点和一些问题 ,依次建立了基于面积误差的轨迹跟踪性能评价函数 ,从而获得轨迹跟踪的最优预见控制算法 ;然后对一个简易工作平台系统的轨迹跟踪问题进行了仿真验证。结果表明基于面积误差评价的最优预见控制方法是能够提高路径控制精度的一种有效方法。     

考虑时变输入时滞及频段约束的车辆主动悬架预瞄控制

针对预瞄控制中存在的输入时滞现象,提出一种时滞相关的有限频域线性变参数控制器设计方法,用于解决存在输入时滞及时变速度的汽车主动悬架预瞄控制问题。在控制器设计中,应用Padé方法将控制方程扩维为含路面预瞄信息的状态空间形式。用有限顶点的多胞形结构处理速度的时变性。以线性不等式的形式给出了控制器设计准则。区别于传统的全频域时滞相关的H∞控制,以车身加速度的有限频域H∞范数为优化性能指标,使其在关心频段内取得最小的能量增益值,同时保证相关的时域约束条件。通过数值算例及试验表明,在存在输入时滞的情况下,该方法能取得比无预瞄控制保守性更小的结果,舒适性得到了显著的提高。     

基于期望横摆角速度的视觉导航智能车辆横向控制

针对采用传统位置偏差控制方法的车道保持系统横向控制精度不高以及鲁棒性差等问题,提出一种跟踪期望横摆角速度的车辆横向控制方法。在车辆当前行驶位置和道路预瞄点之间实时规划逼近目标路径的虚拟路径,同时分析当前时刻车辆以无偏差形式沿此虚拟路径行驶时决定车辆行驶位置的横摆角速度及速度之间的关系。结合车辆道路相对位置及车身状态信息,设计期望横摆角速度生成器。基于7自由度非线性车辆动力学模型,设计滑模控制器跟踪期望横摆角速度,使得车辆稳定地跟踪目标路径。根据车道线宽度和边缘点数量统计进行边缘检测,能有效识别模糊车道边缘和抑制噪声,并通过对消失点的检测来有效去除非车道线的干扰。仿真及试验结果表明,与传统的位置偏差控制方法相比,期望横摆角速度法不仅能提高车辆横向控制的精确性且跟随偏差随车辆速度及道路曲率的变化波动范围小,具有很好的鲁棒性和自适应性。     

Event-triggered decentralized adaptive fault-tolerant control of uncertain interconnected nonlinear systems with actuator failures

This paper investigates the event-triggered decentralized adaptive tracking problem of a class of uncertain interconnected nonlinear systems with unexpected actuator failures. It is assumed that local control signals are transmitted to local actuators with time-varying faults whenever predefined conditions for triggering events are satisfied. Compared with the existing control-input-based event-triggering strategy for adaptive control of uncertain nonlinear systems, the aim of this paper is to propose a tracking-error-based event-triggering strategy in the decentralized adaptive fault-tolerant tracking framework. The proposed approach can relax drastic changes in control inputs caused by actuator faults in the existing triggering strategy. The stability of the proposed event-triggering control system is analyzed in the Lyapunov sense. Finally, simulation comparisons of the proposed and existing approaches are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical result in the presence of actuator faults.     

Digital redesign of analog smith predictor for systems with input time delays

This paper presents a new methodology for digitally redesigning an existing analog Smith predictor control system, such that the cascaded analog controller with input delay can be implemented with a digital controller. A traditional analog Smith predictor system is reformulated into an augmented system, which is then digitally redesigned using the predicted intersampling states. The paper extends the prediction-based digital redesign method from a delay free feedback system to an input time-delay cascaded system. A tuning parameter v is optimally determined online such that in any sampling period, the output response error between the original analogously controlled time-delay system and the digitally controlled sampled-data time-delay system is significantly reduced. The proposed method gives very good performance in dealing with systems with delays in excess of several integer sampling periods and shows good robustness to sampling period selection.     

Adaptive Real-time Predictive Compensation Control for 6-DOF Serial Arc Welding Manipulator

Because of long driving chain and great system load inertia, the serial manipulator has a serious time delay problem which leads to significant real-time tracking control errors and damages the welding quality finally. In order to solve the time delay problem and enhance the welding quality, an adaptive real-time predictive compensation control(ARTPCC) is presented in this paper. The ARTPCC technique combines offline identification and online compensation. Based on the neural network system identification technique, the ARTPCC technique identifies the dynamic joint model of the 6-DOF serial arc welding manipulator offline. With the identified dynamic joint model, the ARTPCC technique predicts and compensates the tracking error online using the adaptive friction compensation technique. The ARTPCC technique is proposed in detail in this paper and applied in the real-time tracking control experiment of the 6-DOF serial arc welding manipulator. The tracking control experiment results of the end-effector reference point of the manipulator show that the presented control technique reduces the tracking error, enhances the system response and tracking accuracy efficiently. Meanwhile, the welding experiment results show that the welding seam turns more continuous, uniform and smooth after using the ARTPCC technique. With the ARTPCC technique, the welding quality of the 6-DOF serial arc welding manipulator is highly improved.     

Indirect predictive type-2 fuzzy neural network controller for a class of nonlinear input - delay systems

In this paper a new indirect type-2 fuzzy neural network predictive (T2FNNP) controller has been proposed for a class of nonlinear systems with input-delay in presence of unknown disturbance and uncertainties. In this method, the predictor has been utilized to estimate the future state variables of the controlled system to compensate for the time-varying delay. The T2FNN is used to estimate some unknown nonlinear functions to construct the controller. By introducing a new adaptive compensator for the predictor and controller, the effects of the external disturbance, estimation errors of the unknown nonlinear functions, and future sate estimation errors have been eliminated. In the proposed method, using an appropriate Lyapunov function, the stability analysis as well as the adaptation laws is carried out for the T2FNN parameters in a way that all the signals in the closed-loop system remain bounded and the tracking error converges to zero asymptotically. Moreover, compared to the related existence predictive controllers, as the number of T2FNN estimators are reduced, the computation time in the online applications decreases. In the proposed method, T2FNN is used due to its ability to effectively model uncertainties, which may exist in the rules and data measured by the sensors. The proposed T2FNNP controller is applied to a nonlinear inverted pendulum and single link robot manipulator systems with input time-varying delay and compared with a type-1 fuzzy sliding predictive (T1FSP) controller. Simulation results indicate the efficiency of the proposed T2FNNP controller.     

Event-triggered distributed receding horizon control for tracking and formation of homogeneous multi-agent systems

This paper proposes an event-triggered distributed receding horizon control (DRHC) approach for the formation and tracking problems of homogeneous multi-agent systems. For each agent, an event-triggering condition, based on assumed predictive information of the neighbours, is derived from stability analysis. Considering the uncertain deviation between the assumed and true predictive information, we design a time-varying compatibility constraint for the individual optimization problem. In the event-triggered DRHC algorithm, each agent solves the optimization problem and communicates with its neighbours only when the event-triggering condition is satisfied, so the communication and computation burden are reduced. Moreover, guarantees for the recursive feasibility and asymptotic stability of the overall system are proved. A simulation example is provided to illustrate effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Adaptive robust motion trajectory tracking control of pneumatic cylinders with LuGre model-based friction compensation

Friction compensation is particularly important for motion trajectory tracking control of pneumatic cylinders at low speed movement. However, most of the existing model-based friction compensation schemes use simple classical models, which are not enough to address applications with high-accuracy position requirements. Furthermore, the friction force in the cylinder is time-varying, and there exist rather severe unmodelled dynamics and unknown disturbances in the pneumatic system. To deal with these problems effectively, an adaptive robust controller with LuGre model-based dynamic friction compensation is constructed. The proposed controller employs on-line recursive least squares estimation（RLSE） to reduce the extent of parametric uncertainties, and utilizes the sliding mode control method to attenuate the effects of parameter estimation errors, unmodelled dynamics and disturbances. In addition, in order to realize LuGre model-based friction compensation, the modified dual-observer structure for estimating immeasurable friction internal state is developed. Therefore, a prescribed motion tracking transient performance and final tracking accuracy can be guaranteed. Since the system model uncertainties are unmatched, the recursive backstepping design technology is applied. In order to solve the conflicts between the sliding mode control design and the adaptive control design, the projection mapping is used to condition the RLSE algorithm so that the parameter estimates are kept within a known bounded convex set. Finally, the proposed controller is tested for tracking sinusoidal trajectories and smooth square trajectory under different loads and sudden disturbance. The testing results demonstrate that the achievable performance of the proposed controller is excellent and is much better than most other studies in literature. Especially when a 0.5 Hz sinusoidal trajectory is tracked, the maximum tracking error is 0.96 mm and the average tracking error is 0.45 mm. This paper constructs an adaptive robust controller