聚合物光伏薄膜电池活性材料研究进展

聚合物光伏薄膜电池材料同时具有聚合物(塑料)优异的加工性和无机半导体的导电特性,并具有柔性、质量轻、可进行化学修饰和表现出较高的开路电压(2V)等特性在近年来受到了广泛的关注。文中就聚合物光伏薄膜电池的发展,聚合物薄膜活性材料的特点、分类、发展趋势以及瓶颈进行了概述。     

新型萘二甲酰亚胺基半导体/绝缘聚合物共混薄膜的微结构和电荷传输研究

采用新型萘二甲酰亚胺基半导体聚合物FN2200与绝缘聚合物聚苯乙烯(PS)通过溶液相共混,并采用旋涂法制备共混薄膜的有机场效应晶体管(OFET)。发现在FN2200中加入少量PS可显著提升共混薄膜器件的电子迁移率,然而随着PS含量的增加,载流子迁移率将急剧降低。通过氧等离子体刻蚀结合紫外-可见光吸收谱测量发现,FN2200/PS共混薄膜存在清晰的相分离结构,FN2200组分富集在在薄膜表面层而PS成分沉积在薄膜底部区。掠入射X射线衍射(GIXRD)结果发现,在FN2200中添加PS成分促使FN2200骨架链倾向于采取edge-on堆积方式,有利于载流子沿有机/介电层界面的横向传输。基于薄膜微结构表征结果,系统地解释了共混薄膜的OFET性能随PS含量的变化关系和内在机制。     

PPV/PVA复合纳米纤维的制备

用静电纺丝法制备电子聚合物聚对苯乙炔(PPV)与非共轭聚合物聚乙烯醇(PVA)的复合纳米纤维.对复合纳米纤维的发光性质和形态进行了表征.与PPV薄膜相比,复合纳米纤维的发射光谱在PPV含量较高时(如1:1(质量比)时)变化不明显;而含量较低时(如1:4(质量比)时)有明显的蓝移现象;当PPV的含量非常低时(如1:99(质量比)时),光谱的蓝移值趋于确定.     

苯并噻二唑基半导体/弹性绝缘体共混柔性薄膜的结构及电荷传输研究

利用苯并噻二唑基半导体聚合物PffBT4T-2DT与弹性体聚合物聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)通过溶液相共混，采用旋涂法制备共混薄膜。并采用层压转移法构筑共混薄膜有机场效应晶体管(OFET)来研究薄膜的电荷传输特性随拉伸应变的变化。结果显示，PffBT4T-2DT/PDMS共混薄膜中诱发垂直相分离结构，即PffBT4T-2DT组分富集在薄膜下层而PDMS集中在上层。PDMS引入还导致PffBT4T-2DT骨架链堆垛结构的改变，促使分子链间倾向于edge-on堆积方式。相比纯PffBT4T-2DT薄膜，共混薄膜具有优异的可拉伸性能，使其在100%的高拉伸应变下仍保持较高的载流子迁移率。这源于弹性的PDMS基体有效地耗散拉伸产生的薄膜内部能量。基于柔性薄膜结构表征，分析了薄膜微结构与其力学性质和电荷传输性能间的内在联系。     

双向拉伸PA-6/高岭土共混阻隔薄膜的研究

目的 为了提高双向拉伸尼龙薄膜的阻隔性能和研究拉伸对薄膜性能的影响.方法 以高岭土和尼龙-6(PA-6)为原料,通过熔融共混和双向拉伸技术,制备双向拉伸PA-6/高岭土共混阻隔薄膜.采用万能材料试验机、氧气透过测试仪、X射线衍射分析仪(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)等手段进行表征和分析.结果 添加高岭土的质量分数为2.0％时,聚合物薄膜纵向和横向的拉伸强度分别提升了4.9％和6.5％,断裂伸长率也分别提升了6.0％和4.2％.添加的高岭土质量分数为4.0％时,聚合物薄膜的阻隔性能提高了16.51％.随着拉伸比的增大,聚合物薄膜的弹性模量和拉伸强度变大,断裂伸长率下降,阻隔性能更佳.XRD和FT-IR结果表明,拉伸促进γ晶型转变为结构更加稳定的α晶型.结论 高岭土的加入较好地提高了聚合物薄膜的力学性能和阻隔性能.不同拉伸条件的讨论对进一步研究聚合物薄膜的拉伸机理、性能和工艺条件提供参考.     

离子注入技术改性聚合物薄膜的研究进展

离子注入技术改性聚合物薄膜在电子及电器工程中有着巨大的潜在应用价值。综述了近年来聚合物薄膜经离子注入后在导电性能,光学性能,导磁性能及表面力学机械性能等方面的最新进展。分析了注入离子与聚合物相互作用的物理过程,并指出了该领域存在的问题及发展方向。     

离子注入技术改性聚合物薄膜的研究进展

离子注入技术改性聚合物薄膜在电子及电器工程中有着巨大的潜在应用价值。综述了近年来聚合物薄膜经离子注入后在导电性能、光学性能、导磁性能及表面力学机械性能等方面的最新进展。分析了注入离子与聚合物相互作用的物理过程,并指出了该领域存在的问题及发展方向。     

嵌段共聚物PEO-b-PS与聚苯乙烯共混薄膜的表面形貌及性能

通过原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)制备了嵌段共聚物聚氧化乙烯(PEO-b-聚苯乙烯(PS)),将PEO-b-PS与PS溶液共混成膜,使用接触角测试仪(CA)和原子力显微镜(AFM)考察了PEO-b-PS含量与共混薄膜表面形貌及性能之间的关系。研究发现,嵌段共聚物在薄膜中发生微相分离并在薄膜表面形成PEO微相区,随PEO-b-PS含量增加,薄膜表面PEO相区尺寸增大,但分布密度下降。通过共混薄膜表面形貌的变化,解释了共混薄膜的亲水性和表面张力随PEO-b-PS含量增加的变化趋势。     

CdSe纳米晶／MEH—PPV复合型光电池研究

采用单前驱体热解法、高温微乳液法合成了高质量的CdSe纳米晶,将CdSe纳米晶按照一定比例与聚苯乙烯撑（MEH—PPV）共混制成光电池,利用TEM、XRD等研究了纳米晶的形貌结构特征,结果显示,所合成的半导体CdSe纳米晶为闪锌矿结构,直径在3-5nm之间,复合光电池最好的器件能量转化达到0．85％,     

我国薄膜太阳能电池标准组织在佛山成立

<正>据有关媒体报道,国内薄膜太阳能电池标准组织――中国电子工业标准化技术协会薄膜太阳能电池标准工作委员会前不久在广东省佛山市成立。这是我国在方兴未艾的光伏产业争取更大话语权的重要举措。薄膜太阳能是太阳能光伏技术的先进类     

P3HT和MEH-PPV薄膜的光谱性质和结晶研究

溶剂不同会影响聚合物的光敏形貌和一些其他性能,本文就常用的几种溶剂(氯仿、四氢呋喃、二硫化碳、甲苯)对聚3-己基噻吩(P3HT)和聚[2-甲氧基-5(2'-乙基己氧基)对苯乙炔](MEH-PPV)的光谱性质和结晶过程的影响进行初步的研究.     

Electroabsorption studies of PPV and MEH-PPV

We report the results of an electroabsorption (EA) spectroscopy study of the electronic structure of the conjugated polymer PPV and its soluble derivative MEH-PPV. We find that the EA response of both polymers is dominated by a Stark shift of the 1Bu exciton. Comparison of the EA spectrum with the Third Harmonic Generation (THG) and two-photon fluorescence spectra for PPV allows us to address the question of the exciton binding energy in these materials. We estimate the binding energy to be 0.8(±0.15) eV for PPV and 0.7(±0.15) eV for MEH-PPV. We discuss the difference between the optically determined binding energy and that estimated via indirect electrical methods. We also present data for the EA response of higher lying transitions and discuss these in terms of current theoretical models.     

导电聚合物MEH-PPV表面光电特性的研究

用接触电位差(CPD)方法研究了导电聚合物MEH-PPV薄膜的光电特性，测得MEH-PPV的能隙为2．1eV，表面功函数为4．7-4．8eV，是p型导电材料，同时研究了不同铸膜溶剂对薄膜光电特性的影响，测得由不含芳环的四氢呋喃为溶剂制得的薄膜表面功函数比由含芳环的氯苯为溶剂制得的薄膜低0．15eV。     

MEH-PPV Thin Films for Radiation Sensor Applications

This work deals with MEH-PPV thin films to be used as gamma radiation sensors. The polymer thin films with two different thicknesses (30 and 100 nm) were irradiated at room temperature with different gamma radiation doses (up to 25 kGy). Optical properties of the material were investigated with FTIR and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. Results show that gamma radiation does not degrade substantially the thin-film material, suggesting that a crosslink effect may be occurring. The characteristic absorption peak of MEH-PPV, around 500 nm is shifted to shorter wavelengths with the increase of gamma radiation doses for both thicknesses samples. The 30-nm-thick samples showed a larger variation absorbance at a specific wavelength and a larger peak shift. These results indicate their potential for use in monitoring the radiation doses used on the sterilization of health care products.      

Photonic band structure and emissive characteristics of MEH-PPV textured microcavities

Abstract

A detailed comparison is made between the experimentally determined photonic band structure and the measured angle-dependent emission spectra of textured, metal-clad microcavities containing the light-emitting polymer MEH-PPV. Transmittivity measurements were made over a range of optical frequency and in-plane wavevector in order to obtain a detailed map of the dispersion of the waveguide modes supported by the textured cavities. Emission spectra were also recorded, for a large number of sample orientations, and are compared with the transmittivity maps. It is found that the band structure strongly influences the wavelength of the peaks in the emission spectra, and that the periodic texture leads to the generation of Bragg-scattered emission. The positions of these spectral peaks in both frequency and in-plane wavevector are found to agree very well with the positions of peak transmittivity of the cavities. The emission spectra also show clear evidence of the photonic band gaps formed by the periodic texture. The importance of these findings for light-emissive devices such as the light emitting diode is discussed.     

纳米ZnO-共轭聚合物MEH-PPV异质结太阳能电池的制备和研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法(Sol-Gel),通过强碱水解锌盐溶液合成了ZnO的纳米粒子和纳米棒,并用旋涂的方法制备了纳米ZnO与MEH-PPV(聚苯乙烯撑)复合的异质结光电器件。通过TEM、XRD、UV、PL等手段考察了不同的纳米粒子后处理方法以及不同的纳米晶形状对器件薄膜形貌和光电性能的影响。制备的器件性能在纳米ZnO质量分数为75%时达到最高,此时短路电流Isc达到2.52mAcm-2、开路电压Voc为0.8V、填充因子FF为46.3%、光电能量转换效率η为1.00%。此结果接近目前国内外所报道的纳米ZnO共轭聚合物共混型器件的最高水平(目前报道最高的能量转换效率为1.60%)。     

Investigation on photoconductive properties of MEH-PPV/CdSe-nanocrystal nanocomposites

The photoconductive properties of photodiodes based on nanocomposites of water-soluble CdSe nanocrystals and poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy-p-phenylenevinylen)] (MEH-PPV) were investigated. The photoluminescence intensity of the nanocomposites decreased with the increasing weight ratios of CdSe nanocrystals to MEH-PPV. By comparing the photocurrent action spectra of the nanocomposite device and the pristine MEH-PPV device, it was found that the nanocomposite device exhibited a wider photocurrent action range. In addition, the nanocomposite device displayed an obvious photovoltaic effect upon illumination. The process of exciton dissociation and charge transfer between the interface of CdSe nanocrystals and MEH-PPV was discussed.     

MEH-PPV organic material as saturable absorber for Q-switching and mode-locking applications

ABSTRACT

Q-switched and mode-locked pulse generation in Erbium-doped fiber lasers (EDFLs) are demonstrated using Poly [2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV) organic semiconductor material as a saturable absorber (SA) for the first time. The MEH-PPV was prepared in the form of a thin film having a modulation depth of 12% and saturation intensity of 40?MW/cm². The SA was placed in a laser cavity to produce a stable Q-switched operating at 1564.0?nm. The maximum repetition rate of 78.62?kHz, minimum pulse width of 3.54?µs and maximum pulse energy of 59.45?nJ were attained at 125.2?mW pump power. On the other hand, by incorporating an additional 100?m long single mode fiber, the mode locked EDFL self-started as the pump power was raised above 125.2?mW. The soliton pulse was obtained due to the enhancement of the nonlinearity in the cavity. The mode-locked laser operated at 1568.5?nm with a fixed repetition rate of 1.859?MHz and pulse width of 2.97?ps.