三维人体及服装建模方法分析与实现

本文在对各种三维建模技术进行了分析的基础上，提出了一套建立三维人体及服装模型的方法。运用Matlab进行了方法的具体实现，提高了建模效率和模型的可控性，为实现三维服装款式智能设计奠定基础。     

基于弹簧质点模型的二维/三维映射算法*

提出了一种用于服装设计的二维/三维映射算法.该算法基于弹簧质点变形模型,服装裁剪片二维到三维映射及三维到二维映射可以在该模型中得到统一的实现.在服装裁剪片二维到三维的映射过程中,二维裁剪片被放置在人体模型附近的初始位置,在缝合力的作用下,裁剪片自动变形并缝合到人体模型上.在服装裁剪片三维到二维映射的过程中,三维裁剪片被初始映射到指定的平面内,在弹性变形力的作用下,逐步变形并得到最终的二维裁剪片.在进行服装裁剪片二维到三维映射的过程中,考虑了干涉检验的问题.     

基于SceneLib的三维服装建模技术研究

使用几何建模法，结合传统的表面建模方法，提出了一种改良的曲面片法，成功地建立了人体模型和服装模型。文章基于SceneLib的函数库，实现曲面片建模，并以计算机图形学的知识，对建立的模型进行有效的控制，为建立服装模型提供了一种新的思路。     

2D/3D Isometric Transformation Using Spring-Mass System

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Garment Modeling from a Single Image

Modeling of realistic garments is essential for online shopping and many other applications including virtual characters. Most of existing methods either require a multi‐camera capture setup or a restricted mannequin pose. We address the garment modeling problem according to a single input image. We design an all‐pose garment outline interpretation, and a shading‐based detail modeling algorithm. Our method first estimates the mannequin pose and body shape from the input image. It further interprets the garment outline with an oriented facet decided according to the mannequin pose to generate the initial 3D garment model. Shape details such as folds and wrinkles are modeled by shape‐from‐shading techniques, to improve the realism of the garment model. Our method achieves similar result quality as prior methods from just a single image, significantly improving the flexibility of garment modeling.     

Feature based 3D garment design through 2D sketches

This paper presents a new approach for intuitively modeling a three-dimensional (3D) garment around a 3D human model by two-dimensional (2D) sketches input. Our approach is feature based—every human model has pre-defined features, and the constructed garments are related to the features on human models. Firstly, a feature template for creating a customized 3D garment is defined according to the features on a human model; secondly, the profiles of the 3D garment are specified through 2D sketches; finally, a smooth mesh surface interpolating the specified profiles is constructed by a modified variational subdivision scheme. The resulting mesh surface can be cut and flattened into 2D patterns to be manufactured. Our approach provides a 3D design tool to create garment patterns directly in the 3D space through 2D strokes, which is a characteristic not available in other computer aided garment design systems. The constructed garment patterns are related to the features on a human model, so the patterns can be regenerated automatically when creating the same style of garment for other human models. Our technique can greatly improve the efficiency and the quality of pattern making in the garment industry.     

工程布局CAD系统设计与实现

针对工程布局设计的复杂性,提出了开放式的工程布局设计CAD系统的结构框架,讨论了实现该系统的关键方法,包括自动化设计进程建模、基于功能特征的待布物和布局空间几何近似建模、布局知识和布局约束的表达、布局方法应用.基于该系统框架,实现了计算机辅助工程布局设计原型系统,并以车辆动力舱布局设计为背景,对原型系统的有效性进行了验证.     

融合意图捕捉的笔式草绘特征建模

实现了一种基于笔式草绘特征建模方法.该方法模仿传统的纸笔草绘交互设计方式,利用意图捕捉机制揣测用户的设计意图,并采用基于特征的建模方法构造出三维实体概念模型.支持在模型表面上直接草绘截面和轨迹线,并通过特征切削或添加操作构造复杂物体模型;初步实现了基于手势的模型编辑操作.实验结果表明,该方法简单、高效,适合于快速表达不精确的概念模型.     

基于特征线的三维服装部件参数化造型

基于特征线的服装三维造型方法有诸多优点,但是现有服装模型并不能很好地支持服装参数化设计.为此将参数化造型方法引入三维服装部件造型中,以得到参数化的服装部件.基于光顺人体模型,依据服装部件特点设计服装特征线,将特征线分为截面环和轮廓线,依次通过截面环和轮廓线的生成与调整、特征线综合调整和特征线添加约束3个步骤,得到服装特征线框架;并对该框架利用曲面插值方法得到服装曲面模型.实例结果表明,文中方法功能强大、方便灵活.     

Garment capture from a photograph

This paper presents a new method which can create the virtual garment from a single photograph of a real garment put on to the mannequin. In solving this problem, we obtain the insight from the pattern drafting theory in the clothing field. We abstract the drafting process into a computer module, which takes the garment type and primary body sizes then produces the draft as the output. Then the problem is reduced to find out the garment type and primary body sizes. We find that information by analyzing the silhouette of the garment with respect to the mannequin. The method works robustly and produces practically usable virtual clothes that can be used for the graphical coordination. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于原型的三维服装款式智能CAD方法

服装业的发展对服装CAD技术的智能化、立体化提出了要求。该文在研究三维服装款式变化规律的基础上,构建三维服装款式数学原型;为了智能控制三维原型的变化,采用三次样条曲线和双三次曲面片构建三维服装原型;分析原型变换控制参数,研究款式变化与原型控制参数之间的关系,总结归纳出款式设计知识,建立相应知识库及推理机制。以服装衣领为例,实现了以款式描述输入驱动的智能衣领设计。     

计算机辅助三维概念形状草绘设计研究进展

指出了计算机辅助三维概念形状草绘设计的定义及其应具备的几个功能;阐述了国内外该领域的研究现状;并对概念形状草绘设计中应用的多种三维建模技术进行了分析和比较;提出了制约三维概念设计草绘系统发展的主要因素及解决方法．     

A survey on CAD methods in 3D garment design

With the advance in virtual reality applications, garment industry has strived for new developments. This paper reviews state-of-the-art CAD methods in 3D garment design. A large range of techniques are selected and organized into several key modules which form the core of a 3D garment design technology platform. In each module, basic techniques are presented first. Then advanced developments are systematically discussed and commented. The selected key modules - digital human modeling, 3D garment design and modification, numerical integration of draping, 2D pattern generation, geometric details modeling, parallel computation and GPU acceleration - are discussed in turn. Major challenges and solutions that have been addressed over the years are discussed. Finally, some of the ensuing challenges in 3D garment CAD technologies are outlined.     

基于款式设计的虚拟三维服装真实感效果模拟

介绍了由服装的二维款式设计研究三维款式真实感效果显示的步骤,并对人台参数化建模、服装的变空隙量模型等技术进行实践,提出了一种实现三维着装效果显示方法,为款式设计提供直观帮助.通过二维款式平面图到三维图形的映射得到可控的三维服装,通过精确可靠的三维数据模拟三维款式效果.在三维服装上添加全局纹理映射和多重纹理映射以及褶皱效果,增强服装设计可视化效果.     

基于草图交互的个性化服装生成方法

以建立和交互修改三维服装草图为设计手段,提出在三维人体模型上生成三维个性化服装的参数化造型方法．服装草图由2种基本几何元素组成：体现人体围度信息的封闭样条曲线和体现人体在高度方向上曲面形状过渡的不封闭样条曲线．将服装草图约束分为2类4种：一类是体现服装宽松程度的人体与服装曲面之间的间隙约束;另一类是服装几何元素本身之间的共点、共面与对称约束．从人体的特征点出发,通过间隙约束生成服装草图的几何元素;在共点、对称和共面约束下,由服装草图几何元素建立拓扑结构为四边网格的服装草图．服装草图的交互修改是草图约束维护的过程,构建侧视图、正视图、断面图3个视图组成草图修改平台,在平台上交互编辑特征曲线．服装曲面则以三维草图为框架,通过对四边网格双线性Coons曲面插值生成．提供的设计方法使服装的造型变得简洁、灵活．     

Surface flattening based on energy model

This paper presents a method for three-dimensional surface flattening, which can be efficiently used in three-dimensional computer aided garment design. First, a facet model is used to present a complex surface. Then, a spring-mass model based on energy function is used to flatten the 3D mesh surfaces into 2D patterns. The surface elastic deformation energy distribution is depicted by a color graph, which determines a surface cutting line. The method presented here can efficiently solve flattening problems for complex surfaces. The accuracy of a developed surface can easily be controlled locally. Thus, compared to earlier methods, this method provides more flexibility for solving CAD and CAM problems.     

Facial configuration and BMI based personalized face and upper body modeling for customer-oriented wearable product design

To realize truly customer-oriented wearable products, individual users’ unique characteristics and features should be properly captured and represented. This research focuses on an efficient methodology to generate low polygonal virtual human face models, which overcome the limitation of existing high polygonal models. To determine individuals’ characteristics in the conceptual design stage of wearable products, a computerized and personalized 3D face model should be efficiently generated and be able to interact with wearable products. This research formulates a computerized 3D face via a 3D feature-based transformation. The developed algorithm is able to concisely and efficiently create a 3D face by using frontal and lateral pictures of users. The performance of this algorithm is well adapted both to typical PCs and to mobile devices. The generated virtual face models can serve as communication media in a multi-device based collaborative design environment. Through experiments, the validity of the proposed modeling method is considerably acceptable with respect to the quality of the similarity between 3D faces and individual pictures. Finally, this paper discusses how the developed personalized face modeling can be successfully utilized for customer-oriented wearable product design by showing compatible matching of a hairstyle product as a user study.     

有限元领域中多态模型误差分析方法

基于特征造型技术的三维CAD系统目前已广泛应用于产品设计,同时CAE在产品设计与优化中也起到了越来越重要的作用.而有限元是最为广泛使用的CAE方法之一.由CAD系统建立的模型在进行有限元分析之前,通常需要根据分析需要对模型进行简化,如何分析模型简化前后对有限元计算结果的影响程度是CAD模型到CAE模型自动转化的首要步骤.将模型因特征的简化而形成的各种状态的模型称为多态模型.针对确保一定分析精度,节省计算资源的需求,根据有限元误差理论提出了分析不同简化模型对有限元分析结果造成的误差的方法,且通过数据实例得到验证,根据误差分析方法提出模型误差层次的概念,为有限元领域中多态模型的生成提供了新的思路.     

面向概念设计的实体草绘建模

提出了一种简单、快速、高效的基于草绘设计的概念模型创建方法.该方法模仿传统的纸笔草绘设计方式,允许用户自由地在笔式用户界面上勾画特征笔划,然后根据笔划的形状和位置关系采用基于特征的实体建模方法构造不同的扫描特征体素.在此基础上,采用了基于意图捕捉的特征添加及切削机制创建复杂的实体模型,给出了一些关键算法的实现过程.实验结果表明:该方法能够较好地应用到联机三维概念模型快速创建过程中.