气干型不饱和聚酯树脂

论述了以烯丙基 (缩水 )甘油醚改善不饱和聚酯树脂的气干性 ,确定了气干性单体的最佳用量及树脂的稳定性酸值。     

不饱和聚酯型人造大理石的力学性能

简述了不饱和聚酯(UPR)型人造大理石的制备工艺。研究了质量比为4∶1的Al(OH)3/Ca(OH)2复合填料用量对不饱和聚酯型人造大理石力学性能的影响,对制得的人造大理石的耐腐蚀性进行了测试,采用光学显微镜观察了试样腐蚀前后的表面形貌。结果表明,在复合填料与UPR质量比为1.86∶1时,弯曲强度、压缩强度达到最大,分别为55.88 MPa和96.04 MPa。甲苯对人造石的腐蚀作用最大,氢氧化钠次之,硫酸腐蚀作用较小,腐蚀介质主要对不饱和树脂聚合物产生腐蚀,从而导致人造石力学性能降低。     

不饱和聚酯树脂的常温固化

综述了不饱和聚酯树脂的固化特征、固化反应,固化机理和交联固化反应活性。介绍了4种固化反应过程、引发剂和固化反应链增长过程,同时介绍了其交联固化反应活性及影响因素。     

不饱和聚酯树脂的常温固化

(续接上期)5不饱和聚酯树脂固化网络结构分析5·1不饱和聚酯树脂交联网络结构不饱和聚酯中的双键与交联剂中的双键聚合形成不溶不熔的交联网络,网络中含有2种聚合物分子链结构。网络主体由不饱和聚酯分子链的无规线团组成,苯乙烯共聚分子链穿插其中,将不饱和聚酯分子链连接和固     

Binders for jute-reinforced unsaturated polyester resin

Reinforcement of polyester resin with jute cloth under constant load is studied, The pretreatment of jute cloth with tetrahydrofuran and the effect of binding properties of poly(vinyl acetate) and acrylic acid and their effect on the impact, tensile, and water absorptions of jute cloth polyester composites are reported and their chemical reactions are discussed.     

国外不饱和聚酯树脂工业新进展

综述了国外不饱和聚酯树脂的市场动态及技术进展。     

不饱和聚酯树脂的苯乙烯迁移

不饱和聚酯（UP)树脂是通用塑料．已在多种应用中使用。尽管UP树脂不是主要的食品包装材料．但已应用于自来水管．大桶和制品表面。在这些应用中．UP树脂具有持续或反复接触食品或水的可能性。在本报告中．向UP树脂的加工者和转产者建议．降低UP树脂中苯乙烯迁移量．以便按照食品接触规定和供水网络规定的法律办事。     

利用废聚酯制备对苯型不饱和聚酯树脂的研究

介绍了利用废聚酯制备对苯型不饱和聚酯树酯的方法。研究表明,该工艺简单合理,产品的耐腐蚀性、耐热性、机械性能和电性能优良     

2步法合成双环戊二烯型不饱和聚酯树脂

采用2步法合成了原子灰用双环戊二烯(DCPD)型不饱和聚酯树脂,研究了原料用量对树脂性能影响,当n(顺酐)∶n(工业DCPD)∶n(精制DCPD)∶n(二元醇)=2.0∶0.7∶0.5∶1.75时,树脂性能稳定,原子灰综合性能如气干性、耐热性、打磨性、刮涂性、柔韧性等良好。     

Modification of unsaturated polyester resin with bismaleimide

The modification of a commercially available unsaturated polyester resin with 4,4′‐bismaleimidodiphenylmethane is presented. The properties of the modified resins were compared with those of the nonmodified resin, and the resins were characterized in the noncured state and after curing. The results indicate that the addition of bismaleimide to unsaturated polyester resin not only improves its properties but also accelerates the curing reactions. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 2003–2007, 2001     

N-苯马来酰亚胺改性不饱和聚酯树脂

研究了N-苯基马来酰亚胺(NPMI)在苯乙烯中的溶解规律,即NPMI在苯乙烯中溶解度呈线性关系:5~35℃时,S=0.1t;40~60℃时,S=4.2+2.2t。NPMI的引入可以有效提高不饱和聚酯(UP)树脂的耐热性,NPMI用量在1%~9%,可以将UP树脂的热变形温度提高4.5℃。研究了NPMI用量对UP树脂浇注体拉伸强度和冲击强度的影响,对材料冲击断面进行了SEM表征。NPMI用量为2%时,材料的拉伸强度最大,提高了5.5%,达到67.3 MPa;NPMI用量为6%时,材料的冲击强度最大,提高了23%,达到8.6 kJ/m2。     

不饱和聚酯树脂改性研究进展

综述了不饱和聚酯树脂(UPR)改性的研究进展。介绍了收缩率控制机理,低收缩研究发展的4个阶段,低收缩剂LSA的典型代表——聚苯乙烯(PS),聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA),聚醋酸乙烯(PVAc),PVAc-PS共聚物。讨论了UPR增韧改性方法,提高分子主链对称性,在分子结构中引入长链醇与长链酸,长链醇包括一缩二乙二醇、二缩三乙二醇及聚乙二醇;长链二元酸如己二酸等。此外还可加入热塑性弹性体,如液体橡胶、液体聚氨酯等以形成互穿网络结构增韧UPR。论述了提高UPR阻燃性的2种途径,即选用本质阻燃性树脂和向UPR中添加阻燃剂。介绍了含卤有机阻燃剂、无机阻燃剂、主链或主链与侧链均含磷的阻燃剂和赋予阻燃性的影响因素。介绍了部分采用可降解的植物纤维——竹纤维制备的UP复合材料和木粉改善UPR的性能。这些方法使不饱和聚酯树脂在低收缩性能、力学性能、阻燃性能等方面得到了改善,扩展了其应用范围。     

不饱和聚酯树脂的稳定化技术进展

综述了不饱和聚酯树脂(UP)的稳定化机理。由于UP光稳定性的制约,限制了其应用范围,添加适宜的稳定剂可明显改进其光稳定性,从而可用于户外。介绍了一些抗氧剂、紫外线吸收剂、受阻胺光稳定剂(HALS)。试验表明,只使用单一的稳定剂效果不佳,必须将主抗氧剂,副抗氧剂和其他添加剂(例如:某些环氧化合物)并用,才能取得较好的稳定效果。     

气干性耐腐蚀不饱和树脂的研究

采用顺酐和二醇制得耐腐蚀不饱和树脂,再将其与由三羟甲基丙烷二烯丙基醚(TMPDE)、TDI和苯乙烯反应得到的含有气干性基团的预聚物接枝聚合得到气干性耐腐蚀不饱和树脂。研究了预聚物加入量对树脂气干性以及接枝聚合反应温度和时间对反应程度的影响,并测试了产品的耐腐性和力学性能。结果表明,自制的耐腐蚀不饱和树脂、TDI、TMPDE及苯乙烯的质量配比为10∶1∶1∶2,聚合反应温度75～85℃,反应时间2.0 h时得到的不饱和树脂性能最佳,无缺口冲击强度为7.56 kJ/m2,弯曲强度为71.7 MPa,弯曲模量为3.21 GPa,热变形温度为110℃,产品可耐强酸、强碱、强氧化介质的长期腐蚀,气干性好,固化优良。     

对苯型不饱和聚酯树脂性能的研究

研究了以聚酯回收料为原料生产的对苯型不饱和聚酯树脂的固化性能和耐化学腐蚀性能,分析了影响凝胶时间的各种因素。试验结果表明,所得对苯型树脂具有优良的耐化学腐蚀性能。其耐酸性、耐碱性、耐盐性和耐水性能与间苯UPR树脂相当,其耐溶剂和耐氧化酸性能与双酚A型UPR树脂相当。     

黄麻纤维增强不饱和聚酯树脂初步研究

以油酸为偶联剂,将氢氧化钠-油酸处理后的黄麻纤维布作为填充材料制备了不饱和聚酯复合材料,并对氢氧化钠处理黄麻纤维的适宜浓度、复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度、吸水率进行了研究测试。结果表明:氢氧化钠的适宜浓度为20%,黄麻纤维增强不饱和聚酯树脂的冲击强度及拉伸强度最大值分别为12.75 kJ/m2和33.05 MPa,复合材料的最大吸水率为4.07%。经油酸处理的黄麻纤维可有效提高不饱和聚酯复合材料的性能。     

Synthesis of unsaturated polyester resin from postconsumer PET bottles: Effect of type of glycol on characteristics of unsaturated polyester resin

Postconsumer PET bottles including water and soft‐drink bottles were depolymerized by glycolysis in excess glycols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and diethylene glycol, in the presence of a zinc acetate catalyst. The obtained glycolyzed products were reacted with maleic anhydride and mixed with a styrene monomer to prepare unsaturated polyester (UPE) resins. These resins were cured using methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKPO) as an initiator and cobalt octoate as an accelerator. The physical and mechanical properties of the cured samples were investigated. It was found that the type of glycol used in glycolysis had a significant effect on the characteristics of the uncured and cured UPE resins. Uncured EG‐based UPE resin was a soft solid at room temperature, whereas uncured PG‐ and DEG‐based resins were viscous liquids. In the case of the cured resins, the EG‐based product exhibited characteristics of a hard and brittle plastic, while the PG‐based product did not. The DEG‐based product exhibited characteristics of hard and brittle plastic after strain‐induced crystallization had occurred. In addition, it was also found that no separation of the type of bottles was needed before glycolysis, since UPE resins prepared from water bottles, soft‐drink bottles, and a mixture of both bottles showed the same characteristics. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 788–792, 2003     

利用废聚酯薄膜制备不饱和聚酯树脂工艺研究

以废聚酯薄膜(PET)为原料制得了不饱和聚酯树脂(UPR),通过产物酸值测定研究了反应温度、催化剂种类对聚酯薄膜降解反应的影响,通过固化性能测试及其浇注体和玻璃钢制品的力学和热性能测试确定了废聚酯薄膜的用量,并将制品的性能与邻苯型196#不饱和聚酯树脂作了比较。结果表明:采用有机锡类和醋酸锌的复合催化剂,反应温度210～225℃,废聚酯薄膜与顺丁烯二酸酐物质的量比1:2.7时UPR产品性能最优,其力学性能、耐热性和耐腐蚀性均优于196#UPR。     

Structural design of flame-retardant phosphatized unsaturated polyester resin

To improve flame-retardant properties of unsaturated polyester resin (UPR), two phosphorus-containing vinyl monomers with different chemical structures were synthesized to replace styrene molecules and then copolymerized with UPR oligomers to prepare flame-retardant phosphatized UPRs. Curing behavior of phosphatized UPRs was investigated by DSC non-isothermal curing curves, deducing the best curing conditions. Cone calorimeter results demonstrated the obvious reduction of heat release rate and smoke production rate by comparing phosphatized UPRs with flammable UPR. TG-IR-MS coupling technique was utilized to reveal thermal degradation and pyrolytic volatiles including aromatic compounds, hydrocarbons, CO, PO₄˙, and so forth, providing more information of smoke toxicity and the gas phase flame- retardant mechanism of phosphatized UPRs. Moreover, the yield, compactness and graphitic degree of char residues of phosphatized UPRs were increased, strengthening the barrier effect to inhibit the permeation of combustion heat and the effusion of pyrolytic volatiles in the condensed phase.