露天矿卡车三维助驾及接近预警系统

露天矿汽车运输是大型露天矿主要运输方式之一,是影响露天矿生产能力和经济效益的关键因素,其事故率和危害性都远高于其他开拓运输方式的露天矿事故。针对露天矿卡车司机缺乏可靠运输信息可能引发车辆碰撞事故,分析了露天矿卡车盲区分布特征及由此造成的露天矿运输安全隐患,通过对可行技术分析和接近预警需求的分析,综合运用三维定位技术、三维车辆构模技术、矿区三维数字地图定制技术、无线网络传输技术,实现了以GE COM API为三维图形引擎的露天矿车辆三维助驾及接近预警系统。通过在某露天煤矿实际应用,验证了此技术的可行性和稳定性,为露天矿安全运输提供了先进的参考技术。     

国际铀资源分类方法综述

系统地介绍了世界上2个主要铀资源分类系统。这2个主要的资源分类系统是在不同的理念指导下制定的,两者的制定和完善过程完全不同,所依据的准则、使用的术语和定义有很大的差异,但都是基于2个要素,即地质可靠程度和与生产成本有关的经济性。各产铀国所使用的分类方法或多或少都与这2个系统有着密切的关系,只是在具体的操作或计算方法上因各国的政治经济体制和习惯不同而有所差异。随着世界经济的一体化,这2个分类系统有趋于一致的可能。     

基于多目标遗传算法的地下铲运机性能优化研究

为了能够提高地下铲运机的性能,深入地研究了多目标遗传算法在铲运机性能优化设计中的应用。分析了地下铲运机的主要性能参数;建立了地下铲运机多目标优化的数学模型;然后,分析了改进多目标遗传算法的基本原理;利用MATLAB软件进行了地下铲运机的性能优化分析,优化设计结果使地下铲运机性能得到了极大地提高,并且表明该算法的优越性。     

Benchmarking haulroad design standards to reduce transportation accidents

Abstract

Transport and tramming operations on South African mines are an area of considerable accident risk. In the context of surface mining, 74 percent of such accidents were associated with ore transfer by haul truck and service vehicle operations. However, the extent to which haul road design and operation activities impact on the overall safety of transport operations in mining was previously unclear, as was the status of road design activities for the various types of mining encountered

This paper presents some findings from die Safety in Mines Research Advisory Committee research project OTH308 which examined the role of haul road design in transportation accidents. The objective of research was to determine whether a relationship existed between haul road design, construction and maintenance practices and accidents. In the case of surface mines, the objective was addressed through an assessment of transportation accidents and incidents, together with an evaluation of formal haul road design activities and associated safety critical defects and accident potentials for the various classes of surface mines studied

It was concluded that whilst the overall contribution to transportation accidents derived from inadequate road design alone was small, low tonnage surface mining operations exhibited higher accident frequency rates than the industry average. Furthermore, there was clear evidence to suggest that there was no formal recognition of road design and management in transportation management, especially in the case of smaller surface mining and quarrying operations. To improve awareness of the role of good design in reducing transportation accidents, a mine haul road safety audit system was developed. A mine haul road safety audit system is described and recommended as a means to attaining a reduction in transportation accidents through the structured recognition and assessment of haulage hazards and the application of optimally safe designs for mine haul roads.     

Improvement of bottom structure of a production block in ore drawing using load–haul–dumpers

High-rate ore drawing with a single drawpoint requires stable structure of the horizon bottom in block caving of ore. Application of load–haul–dumpers (LHD) conditions longer spacing of drawpoints, which worsens quality of ore drawing under caved rock. Adequate structures of trench bottoms of ore drawing levels are developed for LHD systems. Relations are set between the limit spacing of drawpoints along the length of the trench and the height of the caved level to define mutual influence of the drawpoints.     

HM-1型重载货车缓冲器仿真与试验分析

采用ADAMS多体动力学仿真软件搭建了HM-1型重载货车缓冲器的虚拟样机模型,在不同冲击速度下进行了冲击试验的仿真分析,并与试验结果进行了对比,仿真和试验结果基本相吻合。相关结论有利于改进HM-1型重载货车缓冲器的性能,同时可为重载货车纵向动力学的深入研究以及重载货车缓冲器的设计制造提供理论依据和实验参考。     

新掘主运大巷斜交穿越昌平运料巷综合掘进与支护技术研究

针对新掘主运大巷斜交穿越昌平运料巷交叉工程特点,采用ABAQUS数值模拟软件对巷道交岔点处塑性区分布范围进行了数值模拟分析,研究了不同强度折减系数条件下的交岔点围岩塑性区范围。根据交叉点围岩塑性区数值模拟结果,将主运大巷与昌平运料巷分成不同区段,并采用合理的掘进与支护技术,将锚网索喷与型钢支架动态叠加在一起。现场监测结果表明,该联合支护方案有效地控制了交叉点围岩的变形与破坏,保证了围岩与支护结构的长期稳定及安全。     

朔黄重载铁路建设与运营技术

朔黄重载铁路建设与运营综合技术,主要包括:(1)朔黄铁路工程控制与建设综合技术。朔黄铁路工程管理与控制技术,复杂地质条件下重载铁路勘察设计技术,复杂地质条件下双线铁路隧道修建综合技术,特殊土和特殊条件下重载铁路路基修建综合技术;(2)大型合资铁路运营管理综合技术。大型合资铁路运输组织综合技术,大型合资铁路设备运用维修综合技术,大型合资铁路安全保障技术,大型合资铁路经营管理及融资技术。这些技术的应用,取得了良好的经济效果和社会效果。     

Selection of load–haul–dump machines for hard mineral mining in difficult mining and geological conditions

In focus is selection of load–haul–dump machines for hard mineral mines. The authors offer substantiation procedures for tuck-and-shovel systems of mining in difficult ground conditions. In terms of Kyrgaisky Sredni open-cut located in the Erunakovo coal district in Kuzbass, using the Lerchs–Grossman algorithm, the principles and sequence of forming efficient application domains for different specification trucks and shovels within a mine field are presented.     

变频调速电机轴承绝缘结构研究

通过对变频电机防止轴承电流的常用技术方案进行成本及技术分析,并根据存在问题,找出应对方案,设计出一种既安全可靠,又操作方便,成本低的新型夹层绝缘轴承室,并应用于实践。     

重载货车缓冲器数值仿真与试验研究

分析了MT-2型和HM-1型2种典型的重载货车缓冲器的结构特性和工作原理,并在多体动力学仿真软件ADAMS上建立了虚拟样机模型。在不同的冲击速度下通过仿真试验获得了MT-2型和HM-1型缓冲器的冲击试验对比曲线,并与实际试验结果进行了比较。相关结论可为适合于重载运输场合的新型缓冲器的设计制造提供理论依据和参考。     

尾矿库监测与预警问题研究

尾矿库垮塌是一种典型的人工地质灾害,为了预防和控制尾矿库垮塌,开发出了2种尾矿库安全自动监测系统,一种是基于RTK-GPS技术的,另一种是基于测量机器人技术的。文章介绍了2种尾矿库安全自动监测系统的结构、工作原理,给出了监测实例。以实际监测数据为依据,提出了尾矿库预警的基本准则。     

Properties of fly ash stabilized haul road construction materials

ABSTRACT

Larger haul trucks are being used at surface mines in Canada thus requiring better haul roads to carry heavier loads. The availability of good quality aggregate to build haul roads is limited for prairie coal mines. However, most of these mines are located adjacent to coal-fired electrical power plants, which produce by-product fly ash as a waste. Fly ash can be used to increase strength and stiffness of soil and road bases.

Unconfined compressive strength tests conducted on various mixtures of fly ash, kiln dust, mine spoil, and coal seam partings showed that the cementing characteristics of unclassified fly ash from central Alberta coals was low. However, the addition of cement kiln dust, which is high in CaO, enabled the fly ash to exhibit significant cementing action.

Mixtures of fly ash, kiln dust, and mine spoil or coal seam partings had unconfined compressive strengths of about 1 MPa and elastic moduli of about 350 MPa after 14 to 28 days. This compares favourably with compacted mine spoil or coal seam partings which have estimated unconfined compressive strengths of less than 0.4 MPa and moduli of about 50 MPa. Thus fly ash stabilized mine spoil or coal seam partings were found to have potential for use in constructing haul road base and sub-base layers since maximum tire pressures on the running surface are less than 0.7 MPa.     

A model for predicting the dispersion of dust from a haul truck

The Industrial Source Complex 3 (ISC3) model, created by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), is the best available model for estimating the dispersion of particulate matter less than 10 microns in diameter (PM₁₀) from surface mining operations; its use is required in applications for surface mining permits. However, it has been proven to over-predict actual PM₁₀ dispersion concentrations by a factor of 2?–?5. A newly developed model focuses on estimating PM₁₀ dispersion from haul trucks, since past research has shown that the majority (80?–?96%) of PM₁₀ emissions from surface mining operations are from mobile sources. This model is a promising improvement over the ISC3 model. Modeling exercises using the new model on actual surface mine hauling operations demonstrated a 77% improvement over the ISC3 model.     

综采面回撤端头三角区掩护支架的研制与应用

针对传统工艺对回撤三角区顶板采用木垛支护费时费力、支护能力不足、浪费资源等问题研制了回撤端头三角区掩护支架,介绍了用于神东矿区的ZZ9000/20/40型综采面回撤端头三角区掩护支架的主要技术参数、结构特点、电液控制系统、支架在巷道中的布置工艺以及使用情况。     

Comparative economic analysis of transportation systems in surface coal mines

ABSTRACT

Three transportation systems In surface coal mines; 1- Truck Haulage. 2- Belt Conveying, and 3- Coarse-Coal Slurry Transportation are compared from the operations and cost points of view. Computerized design and cost models were developed and cost data banks were compiled for each system. These models can be used to evaluate transportation systems and layouts that are practiced In most of the U.S. surface coal mines. A typical Midwestern area strip mine was considered for Illustration purposes. Sensitivity analysis on critical parameters such as production rate, transportation distance, etc. were conducted and the outcomes are presented.     

基于VERICUT的结构件数控加工仿真研究

以典型结构件的数控加工工艺和程序为前提,基于VERICUT软件介绍了数控机床加工系统建模仿真方法,实现了虚拟加工。经过仿真可有效预测加工结果,并且能降低成本、提高了数控编程的效率,缩短制造周期。     

基于UWB系统的井下车辆高精度定位研究

随着无线通信技术的进步,超宽带(UWB)技术从缩减硬件成本及定位精度的提升都有了大幅的进步,因此其在定位系统中的使用越来越多。通过研究适用于在井下巷道环境的高精度定位方法,研制出了一套适用于井下环境的超宽带无线车辆定位系统。试验结果显示,该系统定位精度高,对进一步实现井下的车辆无人自主导航具有非常大的支撑作用。     

基于照度调整的矿井非均匀照度视频图像增强算法

由于煤矿井下空间环境受粉尘等因素的影响,视频监控系统获取的作业环境图像存在照度低、照度不均匀等问题,而且现有的算法在处理煤矿非均匀照度图像时会出现颜色失真或者过增强现象,这不利于对图像的判读和应用。结合煤矿的实际数据,提出了一种新的图像增强算法,克服了现有算法存在的问题:分析井下视频图像特点,采用具有边缘保持特性的多尺度引导滤波获取照度分量;基于Retinex理论,将图像分解为照度分量与反射分量;针对照度不均匀的特性,提出一种新的"S型"曲线函数对其进行调整;分析图像的特性,引入受限对比度自适应直方图对其对比度进行增强;提出新的图像增强模型,利用细节增强系数和照度增强系数实现对图像的综合增强。与其他4种算法的对比试验表明,本文算法在主观评价和客观评价方面都优于上述算法。实验证明,本算法具有有效提升图像整体亮度和对比度,同时避免光源附近亮区域的过增强现象的特点,能够满足矿山实际应用需求。     

基于Oracle的通用数据格式的电力系统模拟程序设计

在Oracle数据库上建立了一个基于VB.net的应用程序,来解决电力系统仿真程序的数据转换问题。电力系统的常见模拟模式是建立在Oracle数据库中,作为平台的一站式数据保存。用VB开发程序将数据转移到数据库中,并将数据转换为不同的格式。测试结果表明转换可以方便的操作,并且提高了工作效率和精度。