Temperature dependence of permittivity and loss tangent of lithium tantalate at microwave frequencies

Lithium tantalate (LiTaO/sub 3/) exhibits excellent electro-optical, piezoelectric, and pyroelectric properties and a very low thermal expansion. In this paper, we report measurements of loss tangent and the real part of the relative permittivity /spl epsiv//sub r/spl perp// measured in c-axis LiTaO/sub 3/ crystals in the temperature range from 14 K to 295 K at a frequency of 11.4 and 10 GHz. Microwave properties of LiTaO/sub 3/ were determined by measurements of the resonance frequency and the unloaded Q/sub o/ factor of a TE/sub 011/ mode cylindrical cavity containing the sample under test and accounting for uncalibrated cables and adaptors inside the cryocooler. The permittivity of LiTaO/sub 3/ was found to increase from 38.9 to 41.1 and the loss tangent to change from 1.1/spl times/10/sup -4/ to 6.5/spl times/10/sup -4/ over the full temperature range. Due to its low loss and relatively high permittivity, LiTaO/sub 3/ is suitable for microwave applications.     

Optimum Spectral Shape for the Envelope Detection of Vestigial Sideband Signals

When a vestigial sideband (VSB) modulated signal, with carrier present, is demodulated with an envelope detector it suffers an unavoidable distortion. The optimum VSB filter which minimizes this distortion is obtained, and it is shown that the filter transfer function should be flat around the carrier frequency ω0and should not be designed with a large slope at ω0as has heretofore been done.     

Application of Microstrip Analysis to the Design of a Broad-Band Electrooptical Modulator (Short Papers)

This short paper describes a proposed structure of a broad-band electrooptical modulator and an application of existing microstrip analysis programs to determine dimensions of the structure for a broad-band property. Results of numerical computations indicate that it is possible to obtain a broad-band modulator by using LiNbO/sub 3/ or LiTaO/sub 3/.     

Invasiveness of LiTaO/sub 3/ and GaAs probes in external E-O sampling

Disturbances of signals on a coplanar waveguide (CPW) induced by the presence of LiTaO/sub 3/ and GaAs electrooptic probes in external electrooptic (EO) sampling have been simulated and compared quantitatively. The finite-difference-time-domain method is used to simulate the full wave field around a coplanar waveguide on a GaAs substrate in an external EO sampling configuration. The results indicate that the induced signal disturbance, or invasiveness, of a LiTaO/sub 3/ probe is almost ten times that of a GaAs probe in terms of the magnitude of S/sub 11/, but that LiTaO/sub 3/ yields about two times the EO response for a given S/sub 11/ and optical probing wavelength. The transparency of LiTaO/sub 3/ to shorter wavelengths, however, allows an even higher sensitivity for this material relative to GaAs. The results suggest that these probes do not exhibit significant invasiveness (magnitude of S/sub 11/ smaller than -40 dB), if they are removed from contact by the distance of CPWs center conductor width.<>     

A simple odd-symmetric filter for digital broadcasting

A new odd-symmetric filter for ISI suppression and VSB transmission is proposed. The frequency response of the proposed filter is similar to that of an ideal raised-cosine filter, but in contrast to raised-cosine the new filter is realizable, e.g. using simple active filters. Simulation results show that concerning ISI suppression the new filter is significantly more efficient than the classical Butterworth or Chebyshev filters. The proposed filter can be also used as a VSB filter for TV modulators and demodulators.     

Modulation and Pre-Equalization Method to Minimize Time Delay in Equalization Digital On-Channel Repeater

This paper presents novel modulation and pre-equalization methods to minimize a signal processing time delay in the equalization digital on-channel repeater (EDOCR) for the ATSC terrestrial digital TV system. The proposed modulation method uses equi-ripple (ER) filter for vestigial side bands (VSB) pulse shaping instead of conventional square root raised cosine (SRRC) filter. And the proposed pre-equalization method calculates pre-equalizer filter coefficients by comparing a baseband signal as a reference signal and a demodulated repeater output signal, and then creates new VSB pulse shaping filter coefficients by the convolution of the ER filter and the pre-equalizer filter coefficients. The new VSB pulse shaping filter minimizes the time delay of EDOCR by adjusting the number of its pre-taps and also compensates the linear distortions due to the use of the ER filter and mask filter.     

DTMB地面数字电视技术在电视直播中的应用

介绍了中国地面数字电视标准DTMB在电视直播中的应用。DTMB电视直播系统由摄像机挂接式发射机、接收机、车载转发式发射机等几种设备组成。介绍了DTMB电视直播系统的卫星转发、车载转发和移动转发等3种应用方式,给出了湖南电视台在长沙市的应用实例。     

Love-wave biosensors using cross-linked polymer waveguides on LiTaO/sub 3/ substrates

The design and performance of Love-wave sensors using crosslinked poly(methyl methacrylate) waveguides of thicknesses of 0.3 to 3.21 /spl mu/m on LiTaO/sub 3/ substrates are described. It is found that this layer-substrate combination provides sufficient waveguidance and electrical isolation of the interdigital transducers from the liquid environment to achieve low acoustic loss and distortion. In biosensing experiments, mass sensitivity up to 1420 Hz(ng/mm/sup 2/) is demonstrated.     

Optically preamplified receiver performance due to VSB filtering for 40-Gb/s optical signals modulated with various formats

Optically preamplified receiver performance according to the vestigial sideband (VSB) filtering has been numerically investigated for 40-Gb/s optical signals modulated with nonreturn-to-zero, duobinary nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ), return-to-zero (RZ), carrier-suppressed RZ, and duobinary carrier-suppressed RZ formats. The VSB filtering enables the spectral widths of NRZ, duobinary NRZ, and RZ signals to be reduced without severe power penalties at the receiver. On the other hand, carrier-suppressed RZ and duobinary carrier-suppressed RZ signals have no large advantages over VSB filtering because of the characteristics of their signals. Our results suggest that RZ signals are the most suitable modulation format for VSB filtering, without considering the filter loss, because of the tolerance of the intersymbol interference and a large spectral width. However, duobinary NRZ signals are the most suitable modulation format for VSB filtering, considering the filter loss, because of their narrow spectral width.     

Double ion exchange for high-index waveguides in LiTaO/sub 3/

The authors describe the fabrication and properties of optical waveguides formed in Y-cut LiTaO/sub 3/ by simultaneous processing of zinc-lithium, proton-lithium and zinc-proton exchange in the melts K/sub 2/SO/sub 4/-Na/sub 2/SO/sub 4/-ZnSO/sub 4/-LiSO/sub 4/-KHSO/sub 4/ at 540 degrees C. A surface increase of the refractive index of 0.14 was observed for the extraordinary polarisation and 0.11 for the ordinary polarisation. The dynamics of the process is discussed.<>     

Extended new-type SAW-resonator-coupled filters used in duplexer for Japanese cellular radio

Cellular mobile radio operates in full duplex mode, e.g. simultaneously transmits and receives radio frequency signals. A duplexer is constructed with a transmitter final stage filter (T/sub 1/) and a receiver top filter (R/sub 1/). New SAW filters using an extended SAW-resonator-coupled structure have been developed for Japanese cellular radio. A low loss of 1.6 dB for T/sub 1/ and a high rejection level of 50 dB for R/sub 1/ have been achieved.<>     

钽酸锂薄膜溶胶凝胶制备工艺研究

用溶胶–凝胶法在不同衬底上制备了新的钽酸锂薄膜;研究了环氧树脂掺杂、甩胶转速、衬底效应、热处理温度和气氛等薄膜制备工艺条件对薄膜晶向、表面形貌和介电特性的影响。结果表明:当溶胶浓度为0.1mol/L,转速为3000r/min,能制备出均匀、平整、无裂纹的薄膜;控制掺杂环氧树脂在5%左右(质量分数),能提高薄膜与衬底的黏附性;薄膜在氧气气氛下结晶退火,比在氮气气氛下具有更小的介质损耗;n型Si、p型Si和SiO2衬底上钽酸锂薄膜在[012]晶向上具有择优取向性,而Pt衬底上薄膜在[110]、[116]晶向上具有择优取向性。     

电视发射机风冷系统的滤尘和噪声控制

本文根据重庆电视发射台改造３０ｋＷ分米波电视妆射风冷系统的成功经验，介绍了空气净化和噪声控制等方面的问题。     

数字HDTV地面广播传输方法

残留边带调制（ＶＳＢ）已用于现行电视的广播传输中。由于其在频谱利用率和传输性能方面的优越性，现在美国大联盟方案考虑把它用于高清晰度电视（ＨＤＴＶ）的地面广播。本文介绍应用在全数字ＨＤＴＶ广播传输中的ＶＳＢ原理及其抗多径干扰和ＰＡＬ信号干扰的方法。     

Miniaturized microstrip lowpass filter using cylindrical-shaped resonators for integrated applications

A novel compact microstrip lowpass filter is presented in this paper. The structure uses stepped impedance and radial patches and it has the ??3 dB cut-off frequency at 4.39 GHz. The proposed lowpass filter has a wide rejection band from 6 to 30 GHz with rejection level more than ??20 dB. It has also other advantages such as: low insertion-loss <?0.1 dB and high return-loss more than 22 dB in 80% of the passband. The circuit size of the presented filter is about 90 mm². Such important advantages make the proposed lowpass filter applicable to be integrated in many high frequency circuits such as power amplifiers, oscillators, couplers and power dividers. It also can block the unwanted video transmitter interference nearby 4 GHz such as implementing between transmitter and antenna. The lowpass filter has simulated and fabricated and a good agreement was seen between the simulation and fabrication results.     

A calibration-less low error two-point modulation transmitter for 802.15.4 application

A low power phase locked loop (PLL) based transmitter for wireless sensor application is presented in this paper. The transmitter adopts two-point modulation architecture in high-pass and low-pass paths of PLL; it modulates the divide ratio through sigma-delta modulator and voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) frequency tuning port simultaneously. An interleave-biased varactor pair is used to linearize the frequency tuning curve of the VCO. Besides, to achieve the desired frequency deviation of 500 kHz, we use a capacitance desensitization technique through combined parallel and serial capacitances with tuning varactors. This topology does not need the minimum size varactor, which is sensitive to process variation and mismatch. Implemented in standard 0.18-μm CMOS process, the transmitter achieves a 5.2 % FSK error for 2 Mbps data rate without using any auto-calibration circuit, consuming 7.8 mW power. Loop filter and crystal are the only off-chip components.     

数字电视发射机功放的预失真技术研究

介绍了一种可识别HPA记忆效应的数字预失真器的结构、特点,以Hammerstein预失真器为例仿真了可识别功放记忆效应的基带数字预失真器,并在数字电视发射机功放线性化中加以应用,结果表明记忆效应预失真结构应用在数字电视发射机功放的线性化中可以取得令人满意的效果.     

A 0.13 μm CMOS UWB RF Transmitter with an On‐Chip T/R Switch

This paper presents a fully integrated 0.13 μm CMOS MB‐OFDM UWB transmitter chain (mode 1). The proposed transmitter consists of a low‐pass filter, a variable gain amplifier, a voltage‐to‐current converter, an I/Q up‐mixer, a differential‐to‐single‐ended converter, a driver amplifier, and a transmit/receive (T/R) switch. The proposed T/R switch shows an insertion loss of less than 1.5 dB and a Tx/Rx port isolation of more than 27 dB over a 3 GHz to 5 GHz frequency range. All RF/analog circuits have been designed to achieve high linearity and wide bandwidth. The proposed transmitter is implemented using IBM 0.13 μm CMOS technology. The fabricated transmitter shows a ?3 dB bandwidth of 550 MHz at each sub‐band center frequency with gain flatness less than 1.5 dB. It also shows a power gain of 0.5 dB, a maximum output power level of 0 dBm, and output IP3 of +9.3 dBm. It consumes a total of 54 mA from a 1.5 V supply.     

电视发射机缺相保护电路的改进

针对北京广播器材厂生产的1kW电视发射机,因未安装缺相保护装置时常烧毁冷却风机的现象,给出了一种改进型的电视发射机缺相保护电路.     

Applications of 40-Gb/s Chirp-Managed Laser in Access and Metro Networks

We investigate 40-Gb/s cost-efficient transmitter for access and metro networks. This 40-Gb/s transmitter comprises a standard directly modulated distributed-feedback (DFB) laser and a subsequent optical filter. Large dispersion tolerance of this transmitter is realized by chirp control through the phase correlation between adjacent bits for the destructive interference in order to erase the power of “0” bits while enhancing the extinction ratio. The chirp model of the DFB laser and the optimum parameters of the optical filter have been numerically analyzed. The chirp-managed 42.8-Gb/s transmission over 20-km standard single mode fiber (SSMF or SMF-28) without dispersion compensation and a centralized lightwave WDM-PON system are experimentally demonstrated. We have also realized the transmission over 100-m graded index plastic optical fiber (GI-POF). Moreover, the application in the metro network over 240-km SSMF or SMF-28 has also been investigated in this paper.