New regular M-band orthogonal wavelet filter bank design usingzero-insertion method

A new regular M-band orthogonal wavelet filter bank (OWFB) is designed by inserting zeros into the filter transfer functions, which improves the characteristics of the frequency magnitude response. In an application of the sub-band coding of a still image, the new OWFB improves the PSNR by ~1 dB in the reconstructed image over the existing OWFB at the same bit rate     

New linear phase QMF filter design for sub-band coding

A new technique for designing linear phase quadrature mirror filters (QMF) filters is proposed. These filters have the frequency responses of sharp and symmetrical transition characteristics, and the properties of perfect reconstruction and simple implementation.<>     

Subspace approach for the design of cosine-modulated filter bankswith linear-phase prototype filter

A method for designing perfect reconstruction (PR) prototypes for paraunitary cosine-modulated filter banks is presented. The design procedure is based on a subspace approach that allows linear combinations of even-length linear-phase PR prototype filters in such a way that the resulting filter is also a linear-phase PR prototype. Within a given subspace, the weights of the optimal linear combination can easily be computed via an eigenanalysis. The filter design is carried out iteratively while the PR property is guaranteed throughout the design process. No nonlinear optimization routine is needed. As a special case, the proposed approach allows the design of discrete-coefficient prototypes, which are of great interest for efficient hardware implementations     

A linear wavelet filter for parametric imaging with dynamic PET

This paper describes a new filter for parametric images obtained from dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) studies. The filter is based on the wavelet transform following the heuristics of a previously published method that are here developed into a rigorous theoretical framework. It is shown that the space-time problem of modeling a dynamic PET sequence reduces to the classical one of estimation of a normal multivariate vector of independent wavelet coefficients that, under least-squares risk, can be solved by straightforward application of well established theory. From the study of the distribution of wavelet coefficients of PET images, it is inferred that a James-Stein linear estimator is more suitable for the problem than traditional nonlinear procedures that are incorporated in standard wavelet filters. This is confirmed by the superior performance of the James-Stein filter in simulation studies compared to a state-of-the-art nonlinear wavelet filter and a nonstationary filter selected from literature. Finally, the formal framework is interpreted for the practitioner's point of view and advantages and limitations of the method are discussed.     

Design of IIR orthogonal wavelet filter banks using lifting scheme

The lifting scheme is well known to be an efficient tool for constructing second generation wavelets and is often used to design a class of biorthogonal wavelet filter banks. For its efficiency, the lifting implementation has been adopted in the international standard JPEG2000. It is known that the orthogonality of wavelets is an important property for many applications. This paper presents how to implement a class of infinite-impulse-response (IIR) orthogonal wavelet filter banks by using the lifting scheme with two lifting steps. It is shown that a class of IIR orthogonal wavelet filter banks can be realized by using allpass filters in the lifting steps. Then, the design of the proposed IIR orthogonal wavelet filter banks is discussed. The designed IIR orthogonal wavelet filter banks have approximately linear phase responses. Finally, the proposed IIR orthogonal wavelet filter banks are applied to the image compression, and then the coding performance of the proposed IIR filter banks is evaluated and compared with the conventional wavelet transforms.     

Design of almost symmetric orthogonal wavelet filter bank via direct optimization

It is a well-known fact that (compact-support) dyadic wavelets [based on the two channel filter banks (FBs)] cannot be simultaneously orthogonal and symmetric. Although orthogonal wavelets have the energy preservation property, biorthogonal wavelets are preferred in image processing applications because of their symmetric property. In this paper, a novel method is presented for the design of almost symmetric orthogonal wavelet FB. Orthogonality is structurally imposed by using the unnormalized lattice structure, and this leads to an objective function, which is relatively simple to optimize. The designed filters have good frequency response, flat group delay, almost symmetric filter coefficients, and symmetric wavelet function.     

Transform domain adaptive linear phase filter

Describes a new adaptive linear-phase filter whose weights are updated by the normalized least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm in the transform domain. This algorithm provides a faster convergence rate compared with the time domain linear phase LMS algorithm. Various real-valued orthogonal transforms are investigated such as the discrete cosine transform (DCT), discrete Hartley transform (DHT), and power of two (PO2) transform, etc. By using the symmetry property of the transform matrix, an efficient implementation structure is proposed. A system identification example is presented to demonstrate its performance     

无乘法的线性相位滤波器组的优化设计

提出了一种新的优化方法来设计系数为2的幂和(SOPOT)形式的线性相位完全重构(LPPR)滤波器组。其基本思想是将LPPR格型结构滤波器组中的格型系数直接表示成SOPOT形式,并将这些系数编码成个二进制码串,然后在一定的目标函数下利用遗传算法对这二进制码串进行优化。利用这种方法可以省去传统方法中首先设计无限精度系数的步骤,简化SOPOT型系数的LPPR滤波器组的设计过程。实验结果表明,该方法可以得到较好设计结果。     

FIR滤波器线性相位特性的研究

本文通过对滤波器的线性相位研究,介绍FIR滤波器的线性相位的4种特性,详细分析了FIR滤波器的线性相位的幅度特性,并在MATLAB下对FIR滤波器的4种特性进行模拟仿真实验,得到FIR数字滤波器的相位特性只取决于冲击响应的对称性.     

A silicon micromachined four-pole linear phase filter

A 27-GHz four-pole linear phase filter constructed of micromachined cavities in silicon is presented. The structure of the filter consists of four side-by-side horizontally oriented cavities, which are coupled in turn by evanescent waveguide sections with three direct-couplings and one cross-coupling between the first and fourth cavity resonators. The cavities are reduced-height waveguide resonators and are fed by microstrip lines through slot apertures. A time-domain tuning technique is employed to improve the efficiency of the design synthesis. The measured results are presented and compared to those predicted by a finite-element-method model. The simulated filter response has a bandwidth of 2.2% centered at 27.480 GHz with an insertion loss of 1.4 dB at that frequency. The measured performance indicates a 1.9% bandwidth centered at 27.604 GHz with a deembedded insertion loss of 1.6 dB at that frequency and a measured unloaded Q of 1465.     

RF direct orthogonal phase under-sampling technique for software defined radio

A novel under-sampling technique that has the same effect as using RF direct sampling is proposed. Simulation and an experiment to prove its validity have been carried out.     

A technique for realizing linear phase IIR filters

A real-time IIR filter structure is presented that possesses exact phase linearity with 10~1000 times fewer general multiplies than conventional FIR filters of similar performance and better magnitude characteristics than equiripple or maximally flat group delay IIR filters. This structure is based on a technique using local time reversal and single pass sectioned convolution methods to realized a real-time recursive implementation of the noncausal transfer function H(z^-1). The time reversed section technique used to realize exactly linear phase IIR filters is described. The effects of finite section length on the sectional convolution are analyzed. A simulation methodology is developed to address the special requirements of simulating a time reversed section filter. A design example is presented, with computer simulation to illustrate performance, in terms of overall magnitude response and phase linearity, as a function of finite section length. Nine example filter specifications are used to compare the performance and complexity of the time reversed section technique to those of a direct FIR implementation     

Microwave printed circuit linear phase selective filter design

Suspended-substrate printed circuit realization of microwave linear phase selective filter is presented. The transfer function that characterize the prototype filter has nonminimum phase nature. Suspended substrates are used because of the advantages they have over the microstips.     

线性相位余弦调制滤波器组研究

图像子带编码要求滤波器组具有线性相位特性，非线性相位特性可对图像编译码带来影响。现研究了一种具有线性相位的最大抽取FIR余弦调制滤波器组，该滤波器组中每一个滤波器都具有线性相位，且由原型滤波器经余弦序列调制得到。经推导这种滤波器组可以设计成具有近似准确重构（NPR）特性或准确重构（PR）特性，文中分别给出了两种情况下滤波器组应满足的条件。通过对一幅图像的二维可分离滤波实验说明了当原型滤波器满足一定条件时滤波器组是准确重构的。     

On characterization of linear phase nonuniform filter banks

In this paper, a condition termed as linear phase condition (LPC), which ensures that the filters of a nonuniform filter bank are linear phase, is presented. It is observed that the proposed LPC is also applicable to the uniform filter bank case. Further, the utility of this LPC to find (i) necessary restrictions on the filters lengths, (ii) the number of symmetric and antisymmetric filters in the filter bank and (iii) filter bank decimation factors is also investigated. The results obtained for the different cases are also presented in the form of tables. These tables will facilitate the design of nonuniform filter bank by ruling out the non-solvable cases and by reducing the search space, thus saving the designers’ precious time.     

Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) linear phase filter

A planar four-pole linear phase filter centered at 10GHz based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is proposed. The filter is composed of four side-by-side horizontally oriented SIW cavities, which are coupled in turn by evanescent waveguide sections with three direct coupling and one cross coupling between the first and fourth SIW cavities. The SIW cavities are fed by microstrips through coupling slots. A curve-fitting technique is adopted to improve the efficiency of the design process. The measured results are presented and compared with the results simulated by a high-frequency structure simulator. Good agreement between the simulated and measured results is observed.     

Cosine-modulated FIR filter banks with linear phase and paraunitaryproperties

A new class of cosine-modulated FIR filter banks is proposed. The necessary and sufficient condition is given which ensures that the filter banks satisfy the paraunitary and linear phase properties simultaneously. The prototype filter can be designed by optimising its stopband energy on the two-channel lattice parameters, and the filter banks can be implemented efficiently using DCT and DST     

二维四通道不可分正交小波的快速算法

针对张量积小波只强调水平、垂直方向的不足,研究了二维小波的性质和特点,给出了二维四通道不可分小波的快速算法及其数学证明,分析了此算法的运算量,探讨了滤波器组的构造方法,理论推导与分析表明此算法运算速度比不抽样的二维不可分小波变换和二维快速Fourier变换更快.通过构造出的滤波器组进行不可分小波的分解实验,并与张量积小波进行比较,结果表明不可分小波变换在对图像进行滤波时能全面提取图像各方向的信息.     

A new approach for designing orthogonal wavelets for multicarrier applications

The Daubechies, coiflet and symlet wavelets, with properties of orthogonal wavelets are suitable for multicarrier transmission over band-limited channels. It has been shown that similar wavelets can be constructed by Lagrange approximation interpolation. In this work and using established wavelet design algorithms, it is shown that ideal filters can be approximated to construct new orthogonal wavelets. These new wavelets, in terms of BER, behave slightly better than the wavelets mentioned above, and much better than biorthogonal wavelets, in multipath channels with additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). It is shown that the construction, which uses a simple simultaneous solution to obtain the wavelet filters from the ideal filters based on established wavelet design algorithms, is simple and can easily be reproduced. The Cramer–Rao lower bound is applied to access the BER performance of the proposed wavelet.     

Low-power CSD linear phase FIR filter structure using verticalcommon sub-expression

A high-speed/low-power canonic signed digit (CSD) linear phase finite impulse response (FIR) filter structure using vertical common sub-expression is proposed. In the conventional linear phase CSD filter, the horizontal common sub-expression method (see Hartley, 1996) has been widely utilised due to the inherent symmetrical filter coefficients. However, use has been made of the fact that the most significant bits of adjacent filter coefficients in the linear phase filter are also equal since they have mostly similar values. Through the example, it is shown that the proposed structure is more efficient in the case where bit precision of implementation is lower