Deep-Level Mineral Mining in Siberia and Russian Far East: Actual Objectives and Trends of Research

Journal of Mining Science - The author proposes an R&D program for deep-level mineral mining in Siberia and Russian Far East. The article exposes the formulation and solution of the...     

A Quasi-Distributed Fiber-Optical Monitoring System for Movement of Roof Strata in Mines

Journal of Mining Science - The R&D project on the novel method and facilities for ground control is presented. The relevant literature and advanced design efforts are comprehensively...     

From fundamental understanding to innovative developments of high-performance composites for aerospace application

In framework of the National Key Basic Research Program (973 Program) we focus our attention on R&D of (1) continuous enhancement of composites performance both for new generation and existing materials, (2) cost-effective manufacturing technologies, particularly resin transfer molding (RTM) in conjunction with textile technology, and (3) crashworthy composite structures in design, and manufacturing and simulation methodology for aircrafts composites. Many successful examples stories such as ex-situ concept have been demonstrated that the performance potential of composites could be enhanced and maximized by basically understandirg the complicated multi-scale and multi-dimensional structural characteristics in relation to properties. Based on the concept, graphite composites system with generally high impact damage resistance and balanced processing conditions has being developed consisting of base resins, modifiers and binders/tackifiers.     

Werkstoffe für die Energietechnik – Anforderungen, Anwendungen und Entwicklungspotenziale

Zusammenfassung  Die heutige weltweite Energieversorgung beruht zu etwa 80 % auf fossilen Brennstoffen, die zunehmend schwerer explorierbar werden. Zus?tzlich zwingt die Debatte um die CO₂-Emission zu Verbesserungen der konventionellen Technologien und auch zur Entwicklung alternativer, erneuerbarer Energien. Entsprechende nachhaltige Verbesserungen erfordern aber auch verbesserte oder neue Werkstoffe inklusive optimierter Fertigungsverfahren. Die heute üblichen Werkstoffanwendungen in den unterschiedlichsten Bereichen der Kraftwerkstechnik werden übersichtlich skizziert und die zukünftigen Entwicklungen dargestellt, woraus auch der notwendige Bedarf an weiterer F&E-Aktivit?t absch?tzbar wird.

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Energy Materials – Requirements, Applications and Development Potentials

Summary  Nowadays, 80 % of the worldwide energy supply is based on fossil energy, which becomes more difficult to exploit. In addition, the debate on CO₂ emission forces improvements of conventional power technologies and the development of alternative renewable energy resources. However, sustainable improvements also require advanced or new materials and optimised manufacturing processes. The currently applied energy materials in the manifold fields of power plants are clearly outlined and future developments are described, which allows to predict immediate demands for additional R&D activities.

     

北京矿冶研究总院概况

北京矿冶研究总院建于1956年,院址在北京市西城区文兴街1号,是从事采矿、选矿、重有色金属冶炼为主的大型综合科研机构。研究内容包括矿山地质、工艺矿物、采矿工程、矿山机械、矿山化工、工业炸药、爆破器材、矿山系统工程、工程爆破、各种矿石的选矿工艺、选矿设备、选冶药剂、有色金属冶金、冶金设备及节能、金属复合粉末材料、新金属材料、磁性材料及制品、精细化工、自动化工程及仪表、计算机应用、环境工程、技术情报及理化测试技术等领域。职工1600人,专业技术人员800多人。拥有比较齐全的试验装置和先进的检测手段。已取得1000多项科研成果,65％已用于生产建设,有350多项获省部级以上成果奖。全院科研开发、工程设计、新产品试制生产三位一体,国内外经营相结合。     

高强度低硅青铜QSi1.8-0.5棒材生产工艺

介绍了高强度低硅青铜QSi1.8-0.5的研制过程,并对两种生产工艺进行了分析和对比,认为采用加工率控制性能可以获得所需力学性能,更适于规模化生产。     

厚煤层分层开采覆岩破坏与变形规律的试验研究

为了研究离石矿区上覆松软结构的厚煤层分层采动下裂隙分布及演化规律,采用工程地质力学模型试验的手段,分析研究了分层开采条件下,覆岩裂隙发育的工程地质力学机理及控制因素;揭示了采动影响下覆岩裂隙是至下而上呈梯形分布的破坏与变形规律。在第一层回采完的导水裂隙发育高度为40m,第二层回采完时裂隙贯通整个覆岩层。为工程实践和采矿安全提供理论依据。     

纳米材料在汽车尾气净化催化剂中的应用

阐述了纳米材料用作汽车尾气净化催化剂或载体的良好性能，对汽车尾气的净化催化活性远高于传统催化剂，具有应用前景．但多数纳米催化剂材料的制备目前还限于实验室规模，扩大到工业化生产有待于进一步研究。     

Overview of the South African mine health and safety standardization and regulation systems

Outlined the South African mine health and safety regulatory framework, including the roles of government, tripartite council, service agencies, mine enterprises, rescue stations and workers unions, analyzed the institutional structures of South African mine health and safety standardization, including the South African standard and specification systems and standard development processes, and characterized the South African mine health and safety standardization and regulation systems. Intended to provide some suggestions for the transformation and improvement of mine health and safety standardization and regulation systems in China or in similar situations. Supported by National Key Technology R&D Program (2006BAK04A09)     

Roadway dynamic response analysis under mining rockburst condition

In order to determine how a roadway withstands a momentum wave and determine the extent of damage to rock surrounding the roadway under different force wave peak impacts, the roadway dynamic response state was analysed using numerical simulation method. The roadway’s critical peak force wave and fracture region under dynamic wave action were put forward. It is concluded that the method has practical value to roadway support and rockburst prevention. Supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program in 11th Five Years Plan of China (2006BAK03B06)     

基于专用分析的我国煤炭技术发展态势研究

 以Patentics中外专利检索系统作为数据源,从专利申请量、技术领域分布、主要研究机构、主要发明者、热点领域等方面对我国煤炭技术发展态势进行分析,揭示国内煤炭技术的发展趋势、技术热点、行业领先企业、技术领军人物,比较各研发机构在煤炭技术领域的创新性和研发实力,进而获取重要的战略性信息和创新性信息,在此基础上对我国发展和利用煤炭技术提出建议。     

GMES4Mining: GMES-based Geoservices for Mining to Support Prospection and Exploration and the Integrated Monitoring for Environmental Protection and Operational Security

The GMES4Mining R&D project started in summer 2011 with the purpose of supporting management in all phases of a mining cycle. In most states of the European Union, the mines are in phases of operation or reclamation, but in other countries there is an interest in prospecting and exploring new areas for mining. In order to support the implementation of legal responsibilities, GMES4Mining investigates the potential of innovative remote sensing technologies for mining monitoring, prospection and exploration. In an early phase of this GMES4Mining project, a detailed query on the users’ requirements on remote sensing was performed. Currently, spaceborne radar data and ground measurements are tested for an early detection of slope slides in operational mines, slope stability in dumps, surface ground movements and subsidence. Satellite- and air-borne optical remote sensors are meant to monitor changes in ground water depth, directly through the estimation of soil moisture or indirectly by mapping changes in vegetation, both in the exploitation and the reclamation phases. For the scope of the GMES4Mining project two study sites were selected in the northern part of the German Ruhrgebiet. An important scope of the project is to report the quality of data and methods. Moreover, the results of the research will be integrated in a spatial data infrastructure (SDI) and disseminated via a web portal. This paper gives an introduction to the project and its different parts.     

碳中和目标下我国天然气行业甲烷排放控制及相关科学问题

天然气是我国实现2030年碳达峰和2060年碳中和目标的重要能源,但是天然气供应链从勘探开发到终端消费的每个环节都存在甲烷逃逸问题,因而甲烷减排成效将影响天然气在我国现代清洁能源体系中的地位及其在能源转型中的作用。本文从天然气行业甲烷排放特征入手,分析了天然气系统甲烷逃逸排放核算方法,梳理了甲烷排放测量与控制技术,进而明确了我国天然气行业甲烷排放控制工作亟需解决甲烷减排顶层制度与政策工具设计、空天地一体化甲烷排放测量技术体系构建、多尺度多层级甲烷排放清单数据库与信息平台建设、全产业链甲烷减排技术研发与工程示范等科学问题,最后从政府层面、行业层面和企业层面,分别提出了加强我国天然气行业甲烷排放控制的对策建议。     

新疆R&D投入与区域经济增长的关系研究

文章选取1994—2009年新疆维吾尔自治区的R&D投入与经济增长数据,通过单位根检验和协整检验,对R&D投入与经济增长之间的长期均衡关系进行了实证分析。研究结果表明：在R&D总体投入中,R&D经费投入对经济增长的贡献度为0.654 536,远高于R&D人员对经济增长的贡献度0.240 187,说明R&D经费投入对经济增长的促进作用更明显,即经费资源较人力资源占优势。在R&D活动类型中,应用研究对经济增长的贡献度最大,为0.765 641。由于R&D投入对经济增长的影响具有滞后性,因此,基础研究和试验发展的作用没有在当年得到体现。在R&D三大活动主体中,科研机构和高校R&D经费投入对经济增长的贡献度较明显,企业的R&D活动效率较低,对经济增长的作用较小。     

研发投入、创新绩效与经济增长的动态关系研究——基于山东省16个地市面板数据的PVAR实证研究

随着经济全球化程度的进一步加深,研发活动成为提高科技创新能力、推动经济结构优化升级的重要环节,厘清研发投入、创新绩效和经济增长之间的相互影响作用,有利于从深层次理解区域科技创新转型的内在实质,为促进国家创新驱动转变提供参考。基于2012—2020年山东省16个地市的面板数据,建立PVAR模型,运用脉冲响应函数、方差分解等方法研究研发投入、创新绩效与经济增长之间的动态交互作用,以及这种关系在山东省三大经济圈之间的差异。研究结果显示,经济增长与研发投入呈滞后1期的相互促进作用,省会经济圈和胶东经济圈在响应强度和速度上更为显著,其中研发投入对经济增长的贡献度在省会经济圈和胶东经济圈分别为40.1%、39.8%;经济增长对创新绩效存在抑制作用,在胶东经济圈表现更明显,创新绩效会促进经济增长,在鲁南经济圈贡献度高达85.9%;研发投入对创新绩效贡献度较低,胶东经济圈呈滞后1～2期的抑制作用,创新绩效对研发投入呈滞后1期的促进作用,省会经济圈和胶东经济圈响应强度和速度上更为显著,在鲁南经济圈贡献度高达80.4%。研究认为山东省整体经济增长、研发投入和创新绩效之间具有促进作用;省会经济圈经济增长、研发投入和创新绩效之间均存在促进作用,但是经济增长和研发投入到创新绩效的转化能力不高;胶东经济圈经济增长与研发投入、研发投入与创新绩效之间都有显著的促进作用,但是创新产出与经济增长两者的转化效率较低;鲁南经济圈经济增长、研发投入和创新绩效之间具有促进作用,但是三者之间缺乏更有效的良性互动。     

Automated System for Physical Modeling of the Stress-Strain State of Block Structures in Geomedium

Development of construction principles and creation of automated systems for physical modeling of the block geomedium behavior in the varying unequally component stress field are considered currently as one of the strategic problems in nonlinear geomechanics. The scheme of stand for physical modeling and measuring-computational equipment oriented to the solution for fundamental problems of geomechanics are presented.     

Effective wave identification and interference analysis of the seismic reflection method in mines

Through discussion of the time-distance curve characteristics of the direct wave and from the front, side and rear of the reflection waves of the seismic reflection method for advanced exploration in mines, and analysis of several major interference waves in mines, the differences in time-distance curve, frequency, apparent velocity between the effective wave and interference wave in the seismic reflection method for advanced exploration are obtained. According to the differences, the effective wave is extracted and the interference wave is filtered and the system’s precision and accuracy is improved. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(50375026); the National Basic Research Program of China (2005cb221500); the National Key Technology R&D Program (2006BAK03B01); the National Natural Science Foundation Key Program (50534080)     

光伏企业研发投入强度与企业绩效的实证分析——基于财务杠杆和股权性质的调节作用

基于技术创新理论分析我国光伏企业研发创新与绩效之间的关系,并将财务杠杆纳入模型中,进一步研究在国有企业和非国有企业中研发投入强度和企业绩效之间的关系是否存在差异,为光伏企业制定研发投入战略和绩效提升计划提供决策支持和数据参考。选取2016—2020年沪深A股100家光伏上市企业的面板数据,根据Hausman检验结果,采用随机效应进行实证分析,以光伏企业研发投入强度为自变量,以企业绩效为因变量,揭示财务杠杆和股权性质的调节效应。结果表明：研发投入强度与光伏企业绩效呈倒“U”型关系,即在企业研发投入不足时,增加投入可以正向促进企业绩效,但这种促进作用会随着研发投入的增加而降低,并逐渐演变为负向影响;财务杠杆在其中起负向调节的作用,随着财务杠杆系数的升高,二者关系被削弱;在国有企业和非国有企业中研发投入和企业绩效均呈显著倒“U”型关系,这种关系在非国有企业中更为明显。合理的研发投入强度对光伏企业绩效增长有重要影响,而影响程度与企业资金配置有关, 因此企业在考虑投入研发时应从总体战略出发,根据当前的投入产出和资金运转情况制定合适的研发投入战略。非国有企业遵循市场化运作,其激励机制较为完善,适当在国有企业中注入非国有股份,可以激发企业活力,提升企业绩效。     

Operation of the Las Cruces ferric sulphate leach pilot plant

As part of the Feasibility Study for the Las Cruces copper deposit, Rio Tinto Technology carried out an in-depth evaluation of two hydrometallurgical processes. The two options examined were mild pressure leaching and atmospheric ferric sulphate leaching. Both were proved technically viable at pilot plant scale. The atmospheric ferric leach pilot plant was designed, constructed and operated by Rio Tinto Research & Technology Development (R&TD), Melbourne in order to evaluate areas of technical uncertainty, to generate process design data and establish the department of elements in the various process streams. This paper provides a review of the pilot plant operation and presents some of the results generated from this work.