己二胺储罐充气顶升施工技术措施

文章介绍VN=3000m3己二胺不锈钢储罐施工的技术措施,储罐施工采用充气顶升倒装法,主要的施工设备为鼓风机装置。文章重点介绍了充气顶升法鼓风机的使用方法;密封装置和紧固装置的应用;以及储罐组对顺序和焊接过程的施工要点。与其它施工工艺相比:采用充气顶升倒装法施工方便快捷、节省手段用料、降低施工成本。     

海外橡胶加工专利精选

充气轮胎Repub Korean Kongkae Tacho Kongbo KR20110089390此充气轮胎在没有降低燃油效率的情况下提高了安全性。该充气轮胎由第一导电橡胶、挂胶、第二导电橡胶和氮吸附比表面积大于600 m2/g的炭黑和5%~100%(质量分数)的橡胶组成混炼胶,质量分数55%~100%的橡胶与氮吸附比表面积在70 m2/g~250 m2/g的白炭黑混炼,本充气轮胎的体积电阻率小于1×108Ω.cm,轮胎的第二导电橡胶的宽度为0.2~10 mm。     

储罐底部锥体对计量的影响及减小偏差的方法

对于储存成品油的储罐,罐底水尺处于非计量区时,液位变化将影响计量结果。通过对罐底锥体体积进行修正计算,可有效减小该非计量区的计量偏差,提高作业效率;对于罐底有水的成品油储罐,其库存量也将更加准确,有利于库存管。     

卧式标准椭圆封头储罐液位与体积的关系

在改良西门子法制备多晶硅工艺过程中,大量的卧式标准椭圆形封头储罐用于氯硅烷液体的存储,通过液位及时准确的掌握储罐内的氯硅烷液体体积,对于工艺物料平衡有重要意义。通过几何分析,计算了同一类型不同规格的卧式标准椭圆封头储罐液位与体积的关系,从而得到液位与容积的曲线,提高了操作人员对物料平衡的调整效率和准确性,减少了储罐因氯硅烷液体过充或液位过低导致的安全风险。     

不锈钢化工储罐的CAD软件研制

本文介绍了一种不锈钢储罐的CAD软件研制情况,这个软件主要功能是通过相关数据的输入、不同零部件形式的选择,以及对各个部件进行计算与校核,来完成不锈钢储罐的整体设计.该软件界面简洁、功能实用、运行稳定,提高了不锈钢储罐的设计效率.本软件的研制是一个有益的尝试.     

活性炭对吡啶类化合物吸附效果的探讨

目的:对吡啶类化合物加氢反应生成哌啶类化合物进行工艺优化.方法:选取不同品质和类型的活性炭对吡啶类化合物进行吸附,考察最佳的吸附工艺参数.结论:优化后的实验结果良好,减少了吡啶类化合物的氢化次数和钯碳的用量,有效地降低了成本,提高了生产效率.     

用纳米孔材料去除卷烟烟气里的亚硝胺和多环芳烃

使用ZSM-5和Y沸石吸附气相中的多环芳烃和亚硝胺，能减少吸烟对于环境的污染。报道了沸石类型和酸碱性对于吸附性能的影响。使用表面涂布铜化合物的新技术显著提高Y沸石的吸附效率，这种复合纳米孔材料可以有效地减少卷烟烟气里30％～60％的多环芳烃和亚硝胺等有害物质。     

石油化工生产用油品储罐的管理措施

石油化工生产过程中,应用的油品储罐,具有暂时储存油品的作用。通过对储罐的安全管理,提高储罐的运行效率。达到石油化工油品的储存功能,完成石油化工油品的储存任务。依据石油化工生产管理的规定,加强对储罐的安全管理,保证石油化工生产用油品储罐安全运行,达到预期的使用效率。     

10万m^3原油储罐底板现场焊接及变形控制

大型储罐底板焊接及变形控制是保证储罐整体施工质量的关键环节,采用合理的焊接方法和防变形措施,可以有效地避免应力集中,提高储罐施工质量。介绍一种经实践证明合理,有效的储罐底板现场焊接方法及防变形措施。     

8万m3金属双壁低温储罐倒装法工工艺

8万m<'3>金属双壁低温储罐是东莞九丰的LPG储罐,设计型式为金属双壁、外拱顶内吊顶结构.文章介绍了该储罐的设计参数、倒装工艺流程、主要施工设备和方法、重点控制的工序以及需要改进的不足之处.与传统的正装法相比,该方法在施工安全性、效率、成本和焊接质量方面有明显提高.     

沸石-水吸附式蓄冷的热力分析和实验研究

吸附式蓄冷是一种蓄冷过程无能量损失且蓄冷量较大的储能方式,可以有效地利用太阳能或工业余热等低品位能量来制冷并长期储存.对这种新型蓄冷方式及其特点进行了热力学分析,以沸石－水作为吸附工质对研究了影响吸附式蓄冷的蓄冷量和放冷过程的因素,并对绝热放冷和冷却放冷这两种不同的放冷过程进行了计算模拟及实验研究.     

固体吸附制冷系统中的气液回热

对固体吸附制冷系统中的气液回热进行了研究,对回热量在吸附制冷系统中的影响进行了理论分析,并通过试验验证了气液回热对系统产生的积极影响.     

INFLUENCE OF DESIGN AND OPERATING CONDITIONS ON THE SYSTEM PERFORMANCE OF A TWO-STAGE ADSORPTION CHILLER

This article aims at clarifying the possible design and operating conditions for silica gel-water adsorption refrigeration cycles driven by near-ambient temperature waste heat sources (between 45 and 75°C) with relatively small regenerating temperature lifts (15 to 45 K). A two-stage silica gel-water advanced adsorption chiller is introduced and a simulation model of the chiller was developed to analyze the influence of operating and design conditions on the system performance (coefficient of performance, COP, and cooling capacity). It was hypothesized that the proposed chiller can be driven by low temperature waste heat at 55°C to produce effective cooling. Simulation results show that the operating conditions such as cycle time and hot and cooling water inlet temperature have an influential effect on cooling capacity and COP. COP is proportional to cycle time and heat transfer coefficient as well as inversely proportional to the cooling water inlet temperature, while there are optimum values of hot water temperature and silica gel weight for maximum COP. Cooling capacity mainly improves with the addition of silica gel weight and decreases as cooling water temperature increases. Simulation results also revealed that the system performance can be improved significantly by setting the design and operating conditions optimally.     

压气储能系统中储气装置的性能分析与改进

压缩空气储能系统是一种大规模的能量存储技术,在可再生能源利用以及调峰领域发挥重要作用。储气室作为系统中主要的储能设备,其特性对系统运行有重要影响。为了研究储气室热力特性对AA-CAES系统性能的影响,设计能够提高系统性能的新型储气装置,建立实际、绝热、恒温3种储气室模型,并结合其他部件模型,对系统进行联合求解。分析求解结果发现,储气室绝热模型具有最高的储能效率,可以达到68.97%,恒温模型的储能密度最高,为2.4706 kW·h/m³,实际模型的储能效率和储能密度都较低;恒温模型下系统的性能受到环境温度的影响,提高环境温度可以使储能效率上升,但会导致储能密度下降;改进的储气装置能够结合绝热模型与恒温模型的优点,使系统性能获得改善。     

Experimental analysis of the efficiency on charge/discharge cycles in natural gas storage by adsorption

The use of vessels filled with activated carbon to store and transport natural gas (NG) at moderate pressures (about 3.5 MPa) and ambient temperature (about 298 K) has been studied as a potential alternative to compressed natural gas at high pressures (ca. 20 MPa). The present study provides an experimental investigation of charge and discharge cycles of natural gas in a prototype storage vessel filled with activated carbon and analyses the effect of the gas composition on the adsorption capacity. The adsorption properties were evaluated by measuring isotherms for each component of NG in a magnetic suspension balance. The selectivities of the main constituents of natural gas in relation to methane were determined and the influence of the pressure on the selectivity was also observed. Although NG is composed mainly of methane (ca. 90% vol.), our experimental results indicate that the preferential adsorption of the heavier hydrocarbons and CO₂ should be properly taken into account for the evaluation of the behavior of adsorbed natural gas systems along several charge and discharge cycles.     

Porous Adsorbents for Vehicular Natural Gas Storage: A Review

Methane adsorption data (both experimental and simulated) under conditions of direct relevance for vehicular natural gas storage, i.e., at 500 psig and ambient temperature, has been compiled from the literature for various microporous adsorbents and discussed in this work. Characterization of microporosity has been briefly reviewed, followed with a discussion on the porous structure of natural gas adsorbents. A common trend of gravimetric methane adsorption capacity scaling with surface area among the diverse microporous adsorbents (viz., coals, carbons, zeolites, silica gel and an MCM-41 type material) is demonstrated. Further, it is substantiated and emphasized that increasing the adsorbent surface area on a volumetric basis is very important for vehicular natural gas storage where the fuel storage volume is a constraint. The effect of other adsorbent properties such as heat of adsorption and heat capacity on the natural gas storage capacity is also discussed.     

固体吸附式冷管的制冷性能

提出了一种沸石-水工质对余热驱动的固体吸附式冷管. 实验测试了冷管的制冷功率，研究了其在不同制冷功率时制冷温度的变化情况. 实验研究了热源温度、环境温度、风速等参数对冷管制冷性能的影响，分析了其机理原因. 研究结果为系统优化设计及吸附式冷管性能的进一步改进提供了重要参考.提出了吸附式冷管型空调系统的工程化设计方案.     

基于多功能热管的高效吸附式制冰机组回质回热实验研究

设计了一种基于多功能热管的高效吸附式制冰机组,采用氯化钙/活性炭复合吸附剂和氨作为吸附工质对。吸附床的加热解吸、冷却吸附及回热过程均由热管工作完成,对该新型吸附制冰机组进行了回质回热研究,结果表明,回质回热型循环可使机组的制冷性能系数COP提高25.5 %,加热量减小约13 %,同时冷却器负荷降低约21 %;采用先回质后回热方式,在回质过程中继续加热解吸床可进一步增加机组制冰量。与传统回质相比,系统COP和单位质量吸附剂制冷功率SCP提高幅度均在15 %以上,且机组SCP的提高幅度高于COP的幅度;吸附制冰机组性能随冷却水温度的升高而下降,但系统的SCP始终维持在较高的水平。当冷却水温度为27℃、蒸发温度为-18.9℃时,系统的SCP仍然高达356.5 W·kg-1。     

传热模型对近临界工况CO2干气密封温压分布和稳态性能影响

干气密封流体膜与密封环间传热模型的合理选取对于准确求解密封温压分布和稳态性能至关重要。在CO₂近临界工况下,对比研究了密封环等温模型、绝热模型和共轭热传递模型对超临界CO₂干气密封端面温度、压力分布和开启力、泄漏率等稳态性能的影响,探讨了不同膜厚和转速条件下密封环等温模型和绝热模型的适用性,并基于共轭热传递模型研究了超临界CO₂和空气介质干气密封的温压分布和稳态性能差异。结果表明：以共轭热传递模型计算结果为基准,密封环等温模型假设适用于小膜厚低速流动工况,不过开启力偏低而泄漏率偏高,绝热模型假设适用于大膜厚高速流动工况;相较于空气介质干气密封,超临界CO₂干气密封在小膜厚下的温度分布和大膜厚下的压力分布基本接近,不过小膜厚下的温度更低,而在大膜厚下的压力更高。     

Anatomy of a rapid pressure swing adsorption process performance

A detailed numerical study of the individual and cumulative effects of various mass, heat, and momentum transfer resistances, which are generally present inside a practical adiabatic adsorber, on the overall separation performance of a rapid pressure swing adsorption (RPSA) process is performed for production of nearly pure helium gas from an equimolar binary (N₂ +He) gas mixture using 5 A zeolite. Column bed size factor (BSF) and helium recovery (R) from the feed gas are used to characterize the separation performances. All practical impediments like column pressure drop, finite gas‐solid mass and heat transfer resistances, mass and heat axial dispersions in the gas phase, and heats of ad(de)sorption causing nonisothermal operation have detrimental impacts on the overall process performance, which are significantly accentuated when the total cycle time of a RPSA process is small and the product gas helium purity is high. These impediments also prohibit indefinite lowering of BSF (desired performance) by decreasing process cycle time alone. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 2008–2015, 2015