高吸湿性聚丙烯腈纤维的制备

为改进常规聚丙烯腈(PAN)纤维的吸湿性能,将PAN与聚乙二醇(PEG)共混后湿法纺丝,经水洗后处理,制得多孔PAN纤维(M-PAN),然后在碱液中将M-PAN水解,得到具有良好吸湿性能的改性PAN纤维(HM-PAN)。研究了PEG分子质量、质量分数及水解条件对HM-PAN吸湿性能的影响。结果表明:相同水解条件下,随PEG分子质量、质量分数增大,HM-PAN吸湿性增强;当PEG分子质量、质量分数一定时,通过调节水解温度、时间、碱含量及碱液种类,可在不同程度上提高HM-PAN的吸湿性能。     

聚酯超仿棉机织物外观和舒适性能研究

分别将超仿棉聚酯纱和不同混纺比的超仿棉聚酯/棉混纺纱,通过织物设计,进行小样试织,获得具有棉型感的仿棉织物,测试其外观和舒适性方面的性能,并分别与纯棉织物进行对比分析。结果表明：含超仿棉聚酯纤维的织物抗皱性、悬垂性、尺寸稳定性优于棉织物,抗起毛起球性与棉织物相接近,并具有优良的透气、导湿性能,透湿、吸湿、抗静电性比棉略差,能达到仿棉效果。     

树脂整理对含棉织物吸湿速干性能的影响

对含棉织物进行树脂整理,测试了树脂整理对织物吸湿、速于性能的影响.结果表明,树脂整理可降低棉纤维表面能,降低其吸水性,防止其吸水后膨润;若同时进行亲水整理,则有利于提高其水滴扩散速率及蒸发速率,从而显著提高含棉织物的吸湿速干性能.树脂整理有利于提高含棉织物的吸湿速干性能,适合在大量出汗条件下服用,且穿着舒适.     

医用防护服织物的结构与透湿量

采用扫描电子显微镜观察了医用防护服织物的结构,分析了不同复合结构的特征,分别用吸湿法和蒸发法测试了医用防护服织物的透湿量,以及模拟穿着多层织物的状态时医用防护服织物的透湿量。结果表明,聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)膜层压织物透湿量高,聚氨酯(PU)涂层织物及热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)涂层非织造布透湿量低,且有明显的涂层缺陷,有剥落现象。试样蒸发法透湿量普遍较吸湿法透湿量小,且试样间透湿量差异小。随层数的增加,多层织物组合试样透湿性有所下降。     

舒适性机织物的设计开发

对舒适性机织物的设计开发进行了探讨研究.利用PTT纤维和吸湿排汗纤维的纱线设计开发了平纹和斜纹组织的交织物,并对其弹性回复率、折皱回复性、刚柔性、吸湿性、透湿性、吸水性和快干性等进行了测试与分析.通过测试分析得出:利用PTT纤维和吸湿排汗纤维可以开发出具有舒适的弹力和良好的吸湿排汗性的机织物,能够满足人们穿着舒适的需要.     

竹原纤维织物导湿透气性能研究

研究竹原纤维织物的导湿透气性能.对竹原纤维织物、苎麻织物、棉织物以及竹原棉混纺织物的吸水性、润湿性、透湿性与透气性进行了测试分析,发现竹原纤维织物的吸水性、润湿性与透湿性都略高于苎麻织物,明显高于棉织物;结构紧密、厚实的织物,透湿性下降明显;织物的透气率与组成织物的纤维种类无关,覆盖系数小、松散而轻薄的织物透气性好.     

麻织物吸湿透湿性能的比较研究

织物的吸湿透湿是织物湿热舒适性能的重要指标.本文采用吸湿称重法测试了麻织物的回潮率及相对透湿率的变化,并与棉织物对比,分析了麻织物及其与棉交织物的吸湿和透湿能力及其机理,有利于麻制品的进一步开发和应用.     

Porel纤维织物热湿舒适性研究

采用Coolplus(酷帛丝)长丝织物、纯棉织物、普通涤棉织物及Porel~纤维织物,设计组织结构相同、克质量类似的面料,测试织物的速干性、吸水性、芯吸高度、克罗值、透湿指数、透气性等指标,分析各类面料对人体舒适性的影响。结果表明:PorelR纤维织物对液态水的调控能力较其他材料更优,既能改善棉织物在夏季运动状态下穿着时产生的湿热感及冬季的湿冷感,又能克服Coolplus等化纤面料由于难以调节人体湿热平衡而产生的闷热感,其透湿、隔热性能均较好,具有优异的热湿调节能力,是贴身穿着服装的理想选择。     

织物透湿量测定方法研究

织物透湿量是穿着舒适性的一项重要指标,本文采用透湿杯中放无水氯化钙为吸湿剂,通过一系列的实验,探索提出了科学合理的织物透湿量测定方法。     

棉氨弹力织物在喷气织机上的研制开发

天然纯棉织物虽具有较好的吸湿透气性,又不易产生静电,但尺寸稳定性较差,抗皱性能差,洗可穿性能不好,影响了穿着的美观。而棉氨弹力织物具有较好的伸张性和回弹性,保形性好,抗皱性好,作为服装面料穿着舒适又美观。下面就我们几年来的生产情况介绍如下。     

不同改性聚丙烯腈纤维与Fe3+配位反应动力学

分别将低转化率和高转化率偕胺肟改性聚丙烯腈纤维（L-AO-PAN和H-AO-PAN）以及混合改性聚丙烯腈纤维（M-PAN）分别与Fe3+进行配位反应并生成改性PAN纤维铁配合物,重点研究了三种配体与Fe3+配位反应的动力学行为,求得和比较了相关的动力学参数。结果表明,三种不同改性聚丙烯腈纤维配体与Fe3+之间的配位反应属于一级反应,并能够使用Langmuir吸附模型进行描述。在相同条件下H-AO-PAN与Fe3+反应的饱和配合量、反应速率常数和活化能均高于L-AO-PAN和M-PAN与Fe3+反应的相应参数。反应温度的升高有利于三种纤维配体特别是H-AO-PAN与Fe3+配位反应的进行。     

Mechanical and functional evaluations of flaming-retardant/far-infrared composite nonwoven fabrics

This study aims to investigate the mechanical properties, far-infrared (FIR) emissivity, and limiting oxygen index (LOI) of FIR ray/low-melting-point (LM) nonwoven fabrics, flame retardant (FR)/LM nonwoven fabrics, and FIR/FR/LM composite nonwoven fabrics, which are with or without heat treatment and also investigating the effect of heat treatment on the LM polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers. Test results show that for FIR/LM nonwoven fabrics, applying heat treatment leads to the better mechanical properties and FIR emissivity of 0.90. For FR/LM nonwoven fabrics, unheat-treatment samples have greater mechanical properties and an LOI of 34. For FIR/FR/LM composite nonwoven fabrics, the unheat-treated samples exhibit greater tensile properties, but the heat-treated samples exhibit greater puncture resistance, burst strength, and FIR emissivity. The structural parameters of the composite nonwoven fabrics can be adjusted according to the demand of users in terms of FIR emissivity and flame retardancy, and the composite nonwoven fabrics are thus expected to be used as construction materials for medical systems.     

紫外光固化技术对聚丙烯非织造布的亲水改性

为扩大聚丙烯非织造布在水处理领域的应用,采用丙烯酸树脂为预聚物,聚乙二醇（400）二丙烯酸酯（PEG（400）DA）为亲水单体,1?羟基环己基苯甲酮（184）为光引发剂,乙酸乙酯为溶剂,通过紫外光（UV）引发自由基聚合法进行聚丙烯（PP）非织造布的亲水改性。分别研究了预聚物、亲水单体和光引发剂的质量分数对改性ＰＰ非织造布亲水性能的影响。结果表明,当丙烯酸树脂、PEG（400）DA 和184 的质量分数分别为7%、13%、1% 时,改性ＰＰ 非织造布亲水性达到最佳,且具有良好的亲水持久性。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）测试结果显示,亲水改性剂牢固地包覆在PP纤维表面。亲水改性的PP非织造布具有较好的抗污染性能和耐酸碱性能。     

Characterization of needle-punched nonwoven fabrics for industrial air filter application

Needle-punched nonwoven fabrics with three different areal weights have been developed using micro-denier (0.8 Denier) and fine-denier (3 and 6 Denier) staple polyester fibers, separately. Process parameters such as punching density and depth of penetration have been changed according to the fabric areal weight. Effect of fiber fineness and areal weight on air permeability, tensile strength, bursting strength and compressibility of the fabric has been analyzed. It has been observed that air permeability decreases with the increase in areal weight of the nonwoven. The micro-denier fiber nonwoven gives 40% lower air permeability as compared with fine-denier fabrics. 6 Denier nonwoven provides 44% higher tensile strength as compared to 0.8 Denier nonwoven fabric and 23% higher tensile strength than 3 Denier fabrics. Compressibility and compression recovery of 6 Denier fabrics are also better as compared with other fabrics. However, micro-denier fabric shows 24% improvement in bursting strength and very good air dust filtration efficiency.     

Simulating the structure and air permeability of needle-punched nonwoven layer

The aim of this article is to study and simulate the structure of needle-punched nonwoven fabrics in order to predict air permeability of nonwoven filters. For this purpose, the Poisson’s random number process has been used to model the random position of fibers in a web. A simple and easy-to-use expression was developed to predict the number of webs in a layer, considering the thickness and areal density of nonwoven fabrics. A 3D model was generated by assembling simulated webs. The GAMBIT meshing software was used to generate the mesh for the Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) solver. The outlet pressure of generated model was determined by means of CFD tool. Different types of needle-punched nonwoven fabrics were produced using Polyester fibers with different cross section and counts. The air permeability test was carried out on the samples, and the outlet pressure of each sample were measured and compared with theoretical values. The results showed that the simulated structure is capable to predict the air permeability of nonwoven filters adequately. The main novelty of the model is the ability of simulating the structure and air permeability of multi constituent nonwoven layers.     

除臭非织造布的开发

叙述了除臭非织造布的性能要求 ,研究了含有不同活性炭的除臭非织造布的生产技术 ,分析了影响除臭非织造布性能的各种因素。     

银/二氧化钛可见光催化自清洁织物的制备及其性能

为制备基于可见光光催化降解机制的自清洁织物,吡咯(Py)为单体,以硝酸银为银源,通过化学氧化聚合在商业化的纳米二氧化钛(TiO2 )表面形成聚吡咯掺杂银包覆层(PPy-Ag/ TiO2 ),然后高温焙烧去除PPy,获得可见光响应催化剂银/ 二氧化钛(Ag/ TiO2 )。通过共分散溶液用浸渍涂覆法将其涂覆到聚丙烯腈(PAN)纤维上,经加捻、合股织制成织物。借助扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱分析仪、热重分析仪、紫外可见分光光度计等测试织物的结构和性能。结果表明：Ag/ TiO2 粒子较均匀地负载到PAN 纤维表面,其负载率约为3. 17%;涂覆Ag/ TiO2 的织物对亚甲基蓝、罗丹明B 和红酒在可见光下具有良好的降解作用,表现出良好的自清洁效果;经多次洗涤后,该织物仍保持良好的光催化效果,具有良好的耐洗牢度。     

几种水刺非织造材料的服用性能研究

文章通过对几种不同规格的水刺非织造材料的基本服用性能的测试,研究分析混合比对水刺非织造材料服用性能的影响.     

形状记忆聚氨酯在非织造织物中的应用

应用涂层工艺,将不同浓度的形状记忆聚氨酯涂覆到非织造织物上,制得具有不同聚氨酯含量的形状记忆聚氨酯非织造织物材料,并对处理前后非织造织物的表面结构、形状回复性、折皱回复性、透气透湿性、强伸力等性能进行了测试。实验结果表明:经形状记忆聚氨酯处理后的非织造织物具有很好的形状记忆功能,提高了非织造织物的抗皱性能;当聚氨酯含量较少时,对形状记忆聚氨酯非织造织物的透湿性没有显著影响,但透气性有明显下降。     

Development of antibacterial fabrics by treatment with Ag-doped TiO2 nanoparticles

This paper deals with the antibacterial properties of nonwoven Co/PET and PP fabrics and woven cotton fabrics treated with the pad-dry-cure (PDC) and electrospray processes. Firstly, the surface modification of nonwoven Co/PET and PP fabrics was carried out to obtain their hydrophilicity by RF-plasma system using acrylic acid as the monomer. Subsequently, Ag-doped TiO₂ nanoparticles prepared by sol–gel and chemical reduction processes using titanium isopropoxide and silver nitrate as precursor were applied to the fabric samples by PDC and electrospray processes. The effect of different synthesis processes of the nanoparticles and various application processes on their antibacterial efficiency was investigated. After RF-plasma pretreatment, the absorbency properties of the fabric samples were measured. The antibacterial activity of fabric samples against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was determined qualitatively and quantitatively according to AATCC Method 147 and AATCC Method 100, respectively. The microstructural characteristics and surface morphology of the fabric samples were investigated by SEM-EDX and FTIR-ATR analyses. These results suggest that Ag-doped TiO₂ nanoparticles synthesized by the chemical reduction process imparted good and durable antibacterial activity to nonwoven Co/PET and PP fabrics and woven cotton fabrics for use in wall textiles.