基于分布式检测的OFDM导频干扰改进方案

由于信道及接收机噪声的影响,传统的导频干扰方案会存在相位偏差,导致干扰效果下降。为此,提出了一种基于分布式检测的导频干扰改进方案。首先,在干扰范围内分布多个检测终端,实时检测并反馈干扰信号的相位偏差;然后,干扰信号发射机实时调整干扰符号的相位,使之与目标信号导频的相位相反。仿真结果表明,该方案可以较好地减少干扰信号相位偏差对导频干扰性能的影响,提高干扰效果。     

OFDM系统中的相位噪声抑制算法研究

相位噪声PHN(phase noise)会严重影响正交频分复用OFDM(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing)系统的性能,如引起共同相位误差CPE(common phase error)和载波间干扰ICI(inter carrier interference)。CPE引起整个信号星座的偏转,是恶化系统性能的主要因素。文章将信道与相位噪声联合估计,利用插入的导频符号得到CPE-信道的初步估计,再用线性最小二乘估计方法LLSE(linear least square estimation)更新相位噪声和数据符号的估计值。仿真结果表明,该方法能有效地降低相位噪声对系统性能的影响。     

OFDM/OQAM系统中的干扰近似导频搜索算法

非合作通信背景下,针对利用干扰近似法（Interference Approximate Method,IAM）进行OFDM/OQAM系统信道估计需要导频序列位置作为先验信息的问题,提出一种IAM导频搜索算法。IAM导频符号前后时隙为全0符号,经过OFDM/OQAM虚部干扰和信道衰落后导频前后时隙符号相位相同,利用此特征可以判定IAM导频符号位置。仿真实验表明导频符号值较大,多载波符号较少时,搜索算法在低信噪比条件下具有较高的搜索正确率。     

一种用于DS/CDMA系统的联合信道估计与多用户检测方案

在DS/CDMA系统中,多用户检测技术可以减小多址干扰和远近效应,但一般情况下,多用户检测总是假设接收机对信道特性已知。本文提出一种慢衰落信道中的有效的联合信道估计和干扰抵消方法,这种方法需要很少的导频符号来进行信道估计,而且实现简单,可以用在快衰落信道中。     

一种用于CDMA系统的信道估计与检测方案

在DS/CDMA系统中,多用户检测技术可以减小多址干扰和远近效应,但一般情况下,多用户检测总是假设接收机对信道特性已知。本文提出一种慢衰落信道中的有效的联合信道估计和干扰抵消方法,这种方法需要很少的导频符号来进行信道估计,而且实现简单,可以用在较快衰落信道中。     

OFDM中基于导频的自适应符号同步算法

提出了一种在OFDM（正交频分复用）系统中基于导频符号的自适应符号同步新算法,该算法利用FFT的特性,采用频域同步的方法对符号定时和载波相位偏差进行联合估计;算法计算量小,导频的占有资源少,并且同步捕获速度、精度高低可以灵活地进行调节。仿真结果表明,提出的算法能够简单而有效地获取符号同步,自适应性强,即使在多径衰落信道中,也能获得较好的性能。     

基于多普勒辅助迭代的高速OFDM系统信道估计方法

在高速移动环境下,衰落信道的快时变性破坏OFDM子载波间的正交性并产生严重的载波间干扰,由此提出一种多普勒辅助迭代的信道估计方法。该方法在OFDM符号的适当位置插入导频符号,通过最小均方法迭代估计获得导频位置的信道信息,再由加权的时域插值获得数据符号位置的信道信息。插值加权系数与多普勒频移相关,由接收端的移动速度计算得出。在导频信道信息的迭代估计过程中,将检测到的数据符号作为新的导频信息反馈到导频信道估计模块进行迭代估计。仿真分析表明:在接收机移动速度达到300km/h时,该方法的性能稳定,不受多普勒频移影响,可以给出精确度逼近最佳信道条件下的信道估计结果。     

基于自适应滤波的民航导航通信干扰检测系统设计

针对目前使用的民航导航通信干扰检测系统受到背景噪声与电磁干扰信号重叠影响,导致干扰检测结果不精准的问题,提出了基于自适应滤波的民航导航通信干扰检测系统设计。使用多信道检测接收机,将接收结果经过PCI接口传送给上位机。使用测向天线阵,捕获来自其他天线阵元的信号幅值、相位。使用由三个垂直磁阻传感器组成的电子罗盘,测量X、Y、Z方向的电磁干扰,经过A/D转换器放大处理和主机检测后,完成硬件结构设计。计算系统输出结果,结合自适应滤波处理技术,整理自适应滤波的加权矢量,彻底分离开噪声信号与电磁信号,避免噪声干扰。计算相位差,并对其进行矢量化处理,获取多组载波相位差,确定干扰信号的数值和方向,完成通信干扰检测。由实验结果可知,该系统在同频干扰、临频干扰情况下,信号波动的-0.2-0.4和-0.8-0.7幅值均与实际干扰信号波动幅值一致,具有精准检测结果。     

无人机OFDM数据链路中信道估计算法研究

针对无人机信道的特点,以及采用正交频分复用技术进行无人机数据链路传输的优点.在对OFDM关键技术信道估计进行研究时,要确保接收端能够准确的检测出由于无线信道变化造成的码间干扰,准确的解调出原信号.根据系统需要设计了梳状导频和块状导频联合的导频插入方式,该方式可以在数据传输和信道估计性能上做到折中,并对常用的信道估计算法进行分析研究提出了改进的最小均方误差信道估计算法,最后建立频率选择性信道模型对不同的信道估计算法进行仿真,分析仿真结果可以看出该导频插入方式和信道估计算法具有较低的复杂度,而且又具有良好的信道估计性能,适合在实际系统中应用.     

基于同频相位载波均值算法军用通信优化仿真

研究军用通信设备在受到干扰情况下的优化通信问题.针对军用通信信道中依靠广播特性完成通信,其它发射机的同频干扰信号会错误地对齐到通信设备中,对同一个接收信号空间的子空间形成干扰.传统的军用通信方法在这种干扰的环境下,会形成频率干扰,造成通信效率下降.为此,提出了一种基于同频信号相位载波均值算法的军用通信优化方法,可以根据分组信息长度与缓冲阈值的关系进行信道选取,建立军用通信模型.利用同频信号相位载波均值算法进行抗干扰处理,从而提高军用通信的效率.实验结果表明,这种算法能够有效提高军用通信效率.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.