Ti／RuO2＋Sb2O3＋MnOx／MnOx阳极的性能研究

对Ｔｉ／ＲｕＯ２＋Ｓｂ２Ｏ３＋ＭｎＯｘ／ＭｎＯｘ阳极进行了ＳＥＭ，ＥＤＳ研究，考察了该电极在８０℃，１ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１Ｈ２ＳＯ４中的使用寿命，测定了该电极的电化学动力学参数ａ、ｂ、ｉ，并用双位垒模型讨论了其电催化性能，结果表明该电极在Ｈ２ＳＯ４中的使用性能优良。     

焦化含酚废水在Ti／PbO2电极上的氧化处理

通过对Ｔｉ／ＳｎＯ２＋Ｓｂ２Ｏ３＋ＭｎＯ２／ＮＯ２阳极在Ｈ２ＳＯ４中的使用寿命和电化学动力学参数的测试，并把该电极用于氧化处理焦化含酚废水，且和铅电极进行了比较研究，结果表明：Ｔｉ／ＳｎＯ２＋Ｓｂ２Ｏ３十ＭｎＯ２／ＰｂＯ２电极在Ｈ２ＳＯ４中具有较长的使用寿命，能使酚的转化率达到９５％并较Ｐｂ电极节电３３％，是一种优良的电化学催化剂。     

CYCLIC OXIDATION OF Ni-La_2O_3 COMPOSITE COATINGS ELECTRODEPOSITED ON NICKEL AND Fe26Cr STAINLESS STEEL

ＣＹＣＬＩＣＯＸＩＤＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＮｉＬａ２Ｏ３ＣＯＭＰＯＳＩＴＥＣＯＡＴＩＮＧＳＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＤＥＰＯＳＩＴＥＤＯＮＮＩＣＫＥＬＡＮＤＦｅ２６ＣｒＳＴＡＩＮＬＥＳＳＳＴＥＥＬ①ＰｅｎｇＸｉａｏ１，２，ＬｉＴｉｅｆａｎ１，２，ＷｕＷｅｉｔａｏ１Ｓｔ...     

Ti／PbO2电极的研制

研究了工艺参数对制备ＰｂＯ２／Ｔｉ电极性能的影响，通过ＳＥＭ、ＸＲＤ和强化寿命结果分析，得出了制备Ｐｂｏ２／Ｔｉ电极的最佳工艺条件即镀β－ＰｂＯ２的最佳电流密度３Ａ／ｄｍ２，镀液温度６０℃。试验结果表明，在Ｈ２ＳＯ４、ＨＮＯ３介质中，对析氧反应而言，Ｔｉ／ＰｂＯ２电极具有好的催化活性和高的阳极电位；在１５０ｇ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４、６０℃、２００Ａ／ｄｍ２条件下，强化寿命最高达１３０９ｈ。     

SELECTED ABSTRACTS OF ARTICLES ON RARE METALS FROM CHINESE PERIODICALS

ＳＥＬＥＣＴＥＤＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＳＯＦＡＲＴＩＣＬＥＳＯＮＲＡＲＥＭＥＴＡＬＳＦＲＯＭＣＨＩＮＥＳＥＰＥＲＩＯＤＩＣＡＬＳＣＯＮＴＥＮＴＳ１．ＥｘｔｒａｃｔｉｖｅＭｅｔａｌｌｕｒｇｙ（１～２）２．ＭｅｔａｌＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓａｎｄＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ...     

在二甲亚砜中La—Ni—Co合金模膜的电化学制备

研究了二甲亚砜（ＤＭＳＯ）中Ｌａ＾３和Ｎｉ＾２＋在Ｐｔ,Ｃｕ和Ｎｉ电极上的电化学行为,结果表明,Ｎｉ＾２＋在Ｐｔ电极上一步不可逆还原为Ｎｉ（０）,Ｌａ＾３＋在Ｐｔ电极上表现为准可逆电极过程。在２９８Ｋ时,利用循环伏安法测定０．０１ｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１ＮｉＣｌ２－０．１ｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１ＬａＣｌ３－０．１ｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１ＬｉＣｌ－ＤＭＳＯ溶液中Ｌａ＾３＋的扩散系数为３．１＊１０＾－６。在铜电极上于－２．２     

THERMIONIC EMISSION OF Mo-Y_2O_3 FILAMENT CATHODE

ＴＨＥＲＭＩＯＮＩＣＥＭＩＳＳＩＯＮＯＦＭｏＹ２Ｏ３ＦＩＬＡＭＥＮＴＣＡＴＨＯＤＥ①ＺｕｏＴｉｅｙｏｎｇ１，２，ＮｉｅＺｕｏｒｅｎ１，２，ＺｈｏｕＭｅｉｌｉｎｇ１，２，ＺｈａｎｇＪｉｕｘｉｎｇ２ａｎｄＷａｎｇＪｉｎｓｈｕ２１Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆ...     

SELECTED ABSTRACTS OF ARTICLES ON RARE METALS FROM CHINESE PERIODICALS

ＳＥＬＥＣＴＥＤＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＳＯＦＡＲＴＩＣＬＥＳＯＮＲＡＲＥＭＥＴＡＬＳＦＲＯＭＣＨＩＮＥＳＥＰＥＲＩＯＤＩＣＡＬＳＣＯＮＴＥＮＴＳ１ＥｘｔｒａｃｔｉｖｅＭｅｔａｌｕｒｇｙ（１）２ＭｅｔａｌＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓａｎｄＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ（１～...     

800合金的碱性应力腐蚀破裂Ⅱ.硫代硫酸盐的影响

采用Ｃ形环试验研究了在沸腾５０％ＮａＯＨ＋０．３％ＳｉＯ２溶液中添加Ｎａ２Ｓ２Ｏ３对８００全金ＳＣＣ行为的影响,半结合电化学测量等进行了讨论。Ｎａ２Ｓ２Ｏ３促进８００合金在高温碱性训的阳极溶解,使表面钝化膜稳定性下降,这主要归因于对Ｎｉ的阳极极化行为的影响,Ｎａ２Ｓ２Ｏ３使８００合金的碱性ＳＣＣ敏感电位范围扩大,开裂速率增加,其中在－４０ｍＶ（ＳＣＥ）左右最为敏感。     

SELECTED ABSTRACTS OF ARTICLES ON RARE METALS FROM CHINESE PERIODICALS

ＳＥＬＥＣＴＥＤＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＳＯＦＡＲＴＩＣＬＥＳＯＮＲＡＲＥＭＥＴＡＬＳＦＲＯＭＣＨＩＮＥＳＥＰＥＲＩＯＤＩＣＡＬＳＣＯＮＴＥＮＴＳ１．ＥｘｔｒａｃｔｉｖｅＭｅｔａｌｌｕｒｇｙ（１～８）２．ＭｅｔａｌＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓａｎｄＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ...     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.