SDH语音调度在冶金行业中的应用

从SDH入手,针对此数字传输系列下的数字中继线技术,结合首钢公司语音调度系统联网项目,阐述了SDH在冶金行业语音调度网络的应用,介绍了SDH下最常用的E1数字接口模式语音调度网络,并指出了基于SDH的数字中继组网调度模式的必要性。     

电力线载波通信中的信道特性分析

电力线载波通信技术,英文简称PLCC(Power Line Carrier Communication)或PLC(Power Line Communication),是指利用电力线网作为传输媒介,实现数据传递和信息交换的一种技术,该技术是将载有信息的高频信号加载到电力线上,用电力线进行数据传输,通过专用的电力线调制解调器将高频信号从电力线上分离出来,最终传送到终端设备.     

测试仪器仪表实现语音报值

测试仪器仪表实现语音报值由清华大学与华康电脑公司联合开发研制的新型微机控制语音录放系统，已被成功地引入冶金铸造行业的测试仪器仪表中。这种语音报值测温仪，可以在数字显示温度值的同时，以高音喇叭或沿线播音方式，用语音报出温度值。它克服了普通的数显测温仪在...     

蒙育瓦铜矿数字语音集群通信系统设计与应用

合理规划和设计数字语音集群通信系统,有利于提高海外数字矿山运营质量。通过对比常规模拟语音通信系统、陆上集群无线电(TETRA)系统和数字移动无线电(DMR)系统,明确了系统建设目标和技术路径。同时,提出一种切实可行的系统组成架构,并对系统功能和关键参数设计方法进行介绍,阐明该系统工程设计方法。该系统已在缅甸蒙育瓦铜矿实际应用,且效果良好,对其他矿山建设语音通信系统具有一定参照性。     

低压电力线载波传输信道分析

电力线载波通信(Power Line Communication,PLC)是利用高压电力线输电线路作为信号传播媒介,使用载波方式进行语言或数据传播的一种特殊通信方式.PLC具有较高的经济性和可靠性,在各方面都发挥了重要作用.电力线直接面向用户,负荷情况复杂,因此低压PLC的噪声干扰和信号衰减情况更复杂.其干扰的周期、宽度、强度和发生时间等都不固定,很难预测.设计PLC设备时就要求它具有很好的自适应能力,以便在实际低压电力网上有较好的通信质量.     

基于UWB的矿山智能运输系统设计

由于目前现有的矿山智能运输系统在实际应用中经常出现调度指令发送延迟,致使矿山运输效率较低,为此提出基于UWB的矿山智能运输系统设计.系统在硬件方面设计了UWB无载波通信装置和传输装置,利用UWB无载波通信装置实现系统各个单元之间的指令传输,将传输装置代替原有的运输装置,对矿山矿产资源进行运输;在软件方面设计了数据采集模...     

3G语音链路中自动增益控制模块的实现和改进

针对3G终端通话时语音不够平滑圆润的问题,提出在3G上行和下行语音链路中增加自动增益控制(automatic gain control,AGC)模块.AGC模块通过自适应更新增益值算法能够防止通话过程中的语音幅度过大,从而避免语音数据经过数字增益后发生溢出,同时能对小信号进行有效地放大,对时域语音质量进行均衡,使通话双方感到语音质量自然流畅.但是如果不对现有AGC算法进行改进,处理后的语音中会产生非线性失真.改进后的AGC不仅可以使输出语音的幅值在一个预先规定的范围内,根据预先设定的门限值,放大小信号,限制强信号,防止通话过程中的语音信号过载,同时能避免非线性失真.经过理论评估和实际验证,该模块能够有效地放大小信号,限制强信号,从而增强移动终端通话质量.     

基于MF-DFA的语音情感识别

针对语音情感线性参数在刻画不同情感类型特征上的不足,将多重分形理论引人语音情感识别中．通过分析不同语音情感状态下的多重分形特征,提取多重分形谱参数和广义hurst指数作为新的语音情感特征参数,并结合传统语音声学特征,采用支持向量机SVM对其进行语音情感识别．试验结果表明,该方法可使系统的准确率和稳定性得到有效提高．非线性参数的引人为语音情感识别提供了一个新的思路．     

在IBM－PC机上实现的一种语音数字录放

在ＩＢＭ－ＰＣ机上实现的一种语音数字录放阎丽霞１前言ＩＢＭ—ＰＣ个人计算机虽然具有丰富的文字和图形处理能力，但是在一个完全视觉环境中，某些计算机应用往往不易发挥很大作用，甚至受到限制。当前ＰＣ机的应用，要求它还具有能够存储和传送语音信息的功能。基于这...     

大学英语语音教学活动设计

大学英语语音课是一门面向非英语专业学生的课程,目的在于提高学生的语音语调水平,强化语音在于英语学习中的根基作用。本文从英语中辅音和元音的发音、英语节奏规律和英语的语音语调三方面设计出一些面向非英语专业学生的课堂教学活动,旨在在提高学生学习兴趣,在帮助学生掌握语音知识和发音技巧同时,探讨出适用于大学英语语音教学的方法。     

Communication modality as a determinant of persuasion: The role of communicator salience.

Reports 2 studies, using a total of 304 university students, in which a likable or unlikable communicator delivered a persuasive message via writing, audiotape, or videotape. In both studies the likable communicator was more persuasive in video- and audiotape than in writing, but the unlikable communicator was more persuasive in writing. Thus, communicator likability was a significant determinant of persuasion only in the broadcast modalities. Other findings suggest that Ss process more communicator cues when exposed to video- and audiotape messages than when exposed to written ones and that communicator-based (rather than message-based) cognitions predicted opinion change primarily in video and audiotape conditions rather than in written ones. It is concluded that video- and audiotapes enhance communicator-related information, so that communicator characteristics exert a disproportionate effect on persuasion when messages are broadcast. Findings are also discussed in relation to "vividness" phenomena. (40 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Causal inferences about communicators and their effect on opinion change.

An attribution analysis of opinion change viewed message persuasiveness as a function of inferred communicator biases. Recipients infer a knowledge bias (KB) by believing that a communicator's knowledge about external reality is nonveridical and a reporting bias (RB) by believing that a communicator's willingness to convey an accurate version of external reality is compromised. In an experiment with 355 undergraduates, KB expectancies were established by portraying a communicator as having a strong commitment to values represented by the probusiness or proenvironment side of a controversial issue and RB expectancies by portraying his audience as having a strong commitment to one or the other side. In all conditions, the communicator advocated the proenvironment position. Therefore, recipients' expectancies were confirmed in the context of a proenvironment communicator and/or audience and disconfirmed in the context of a probusiness communicator and/or audience. Regardless of the type of bias that Ss expected, they were more persuaded and rated the communicator as more unbiased when their expectancies were disconfirmed. Confirmation of expectancies based on RB, but not KB, was associated with inferences of communicator insincerity and manipulativeness. (21 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Significance of posture and position in the communication of attitude and status relationships.

Attempts to present a review of the experimental findings dealing with the posture and position of a communicator relative to his attitude and status to his addressee. More studies are available which exhibit the detailed functional relationships of posture and position variables to communicator attitudes than to communicator-addressee relative status. Distance, eye contact, body orientation, arms-akimbo position, and trunk relaxation have been found most consistently to be indicators of communicator attitude toward an addressee. These variables along with the degree of arm openness of female communicators and degree of asymmetry in the arrangement of arms and legs have been found or hypothesized to be associated with status relationships with the addressee. (55 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Non-immediacy between communicator and object of communication in a verbal message: Application to the inference of attitudes.

Nonimmediacy is a measure of the attenuation of directness and intensity of interaction between a communicator and the object of his communication in a verbal message. In this paper, the categories of nonimmediacy are presented and are specifically applied to the inference of communicator attitudes towards the object(s) he communicates about. In 3 experiments it is found that experimentally induced, or long-standing attitudes may be discriminated on the basis of nonimmediacy measures. Communications about affectively or evaluatively negative events or people are found to contain greater nonimmediacy than communications about positive events or people. Possible applications of nonimmediacy measures in clinical settings or experimental investigations of psychotherapeutic activity are briefly noted. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Another look at phonetic symbolism.

Various possible meanings of "phonetic symbolism" are discussed. Phonetic symbolism is distinguised from onomatopoeia. "Elemental" and "structural" phonetic symbolism are defined. Elemental phonetic symbolism is discussed in terms of 7 hierarchically arranged questions which define "subjective" phonetic symbolism (that detected by Os) and "objective" phonetic symbolism (over-representation of particular sounds in words of particular connotations in natural languages). Experimental and empirical evidence relevant to each question are discussed, and it is concluded that both subjective and objective elemental phonetic symbolism are real phenomena, but that the patterns of symbolism are unrelated in historically unrelated languages. The feedback theory of phonetic symbolism (Taylor) is considered in greater detail than heretofore. (31 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Communicator attractiveness and opinion change.

Presented a tape recorded persuasive communication to 120 college and high school students while a photograph of a man identified as the speaker was projected onto a screen. 3 groups of ss listened to the communication in the presence of either (a) a photograph of an attractive communicator, (b) a photograph of an unattractive communicator, or (c) no photograph at all. 2 additional groups of ss did not listen to the communications, but filled out the postcommunication questionnaire only in the presence of (a) the photograph of the attractive speaker, or (b) the photograph of the unattractive speaker. Attractive male communicators were more persuasive that unattractive male or unpictured communicators. This effect was independent of differences in perceived expertness or trustworthiness of the communicator. Explanations in terms of distraction, contiguous pleasure, and liking are discussed. (french summary) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Communicator physical attractiveness and persuasion.

In a field setting, each of 68 physically attractive or unattractive male and female communicator Ss (undergraduates) delivered a persuasive message to 2 undergraduate target Ss of each sex. Results indicate that attractive (vs unattractive) communicators induced significantly greater persuasion on both a verbal and behavioral measure of target agreement. In addition, female targets indicated greater agreement than male targets. Data gathered from communicator Ss during an earlier laboratory session indicate that physically attractive and unattractive communicators differed with respect to several communication skills and other attributes relevant to communicator persuasiveness, including GPA, Scholastic Aptitude Test scores, and several measures of self-evaluation. These findings suggest that attractive individuals may be more persuasive than unattractive persons partly because they possess characteristics that dispose them to be more effective communicators. (25 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Heuristic versus systematic information processing and the use of source versus message cues in persuasion.

In Exp I, 183 undergraduates read a persuasive message from a likable or unlikable communicator who presented 6 or 2 arguments on 1 of 2 topics. High involvement (HI) Ss anticipated discussing the message topic at a future experimental session, whereas low-involvement (LI) Ss anticipated discussing a different topic. For HI Ss, opinion change was significantly greater given 6 arguments but was unaffected by communicator likability. For LI Ss, opinion change was significantly greater given a likable communicator but was unaffected by the argument's manipulation. In Exp II with 80 similar Ss, HI Ss showed slightly greater opinion change when exposed to 5 arguments from an unlikable (vs 1 argument from a likable) communicator, whereas LI Ss exhibited significantly greater persuasion in response to 1 argument from a likable (vs 5 arguments from an unlikable) communicator. Findings support the idea that HI leads message recipients to employ a systematic information processing strategy in which message-based cognitions mediate persuasion, whereas LI leads recipients to use a heuristic processing strategy in which simple decision rules mediate persuasion. Support was also obtained for the hypothesis that content- vs source-mediated opinion change would result in greater persistence. (37 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The obstinate audience: The influence process from the point of view of social communication.

The social model of man and the scientific model(s) of man and "the relationships of these 2 models in the area of social communication" are discussed. Major findings of research on attitude change are summarized. Communication, given a reasonably large audience, varies in its impart. The audience exercises much more initiative outside the laboratory than it does in the experimental situation. The audience in effect influences the communicator by the role it forces on him. Individuals process new information as a function of their perceived relationship to future audiences. The audience selects from what is offered. "The process of social communication and of the flow of influence in general must be regarded as a transaction. The argument for using the transactional model for scientific purposes is that it opens the door more fully to exploring the intention and behavior of members of the audience and encourages inquiry into the influence of the audience on the communicator by specifically treating the process as a 2-way passage." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Lexical effects on the phonetic categorization of speech: The role of acoustic structure.

This study examines the extent to which acoustic parameters contribute to lexical effects on the phonetic categorization of speech. Experiment 1 was designed to replicate previous findings. Two test continua were created varying in voice onset time. Results of both identification and reaction time (RT) range data showed an effect of lexical status at the phonetic boundary, but only in the slowest RT ranges, suggesting that lexical effects on phonetic categorization are postperceptual. Experiment 2 explored whether the lexical effect would emerge when the stimulus continua more nearly approximated the parameter values of natural speech. Both identification and RT range data indicated that the lexical effect disappeared. These results suggest that without attention to the acoustic structure of the stimuli, the role of top–down processing in phonetic categorization may be overemphasized. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)