喇叭嘴相对烟枪位置调整通用装置的设计与应用

由于卷烟机或滤棒成型机中烟枪相对喇叭嘴距离较远,调整困难。为此设计了一套通用装置,应用于改进型YJ17卷烟机和YL48滤棒成型机等,可以准确、方便、快速地调整喇叭嘴、核扫描器相对烟枪的精确位置,有效缩短产品的装配调试时间,提高装配精度。     

YJ116B型卷烟机上胶装置的改进

为解决YJ116B型卷烟机上胶装置喷胶嘴易损坏、烟支爆口质量缺陷率高、故障维修耗时长等问题,设计了一套带有直线导轨的上胶装置。利用电磁阀通过压缩空气控制双作用气缸活塞杆做伸缩运动,带动胶枪固定块及滑块沿直线导轨前后移动,从而实现胶枪的前后移动;当胶枪进入或退出工作位置时,可调整喷胶嘴与卷烟纸之间的距离,并避免喷胶嘴与烟枪边板产生碰撞。以济南卷烟厂使用的ZJ116B卷接机组为对象进行测试,结果表明：YJ116B型卷烟机上胶装置改进后喷胶嘴损坏数量降低83.3%,烟支爆口质量缺陷发生后上胶装置维修次数降低约78.7%,胶枪维修时间降低62.7%。该技术可为降低备件消耗、提高卷接机组生产效率提供支持。     

新中国卷烟机刀头喇叭嘴往复运动机构的改革

新中国卷烟机刀头喇叭嘴往复运动机构复杂,磨擦部位多,维修麻烦,为解决这个问题,我们试改了一台新中国刀头喇叭嘴往复运动机构,已投入试用,现将改革部位说明如下:用弹簧钢板夹持喇叭嘴架,去掉了三角架横轴。跑马轴缩短三分之一、右端固定一个小脚联结扦手。跑马套缩短,以适应小脚往复运动。优点:     

YJ15型卷烟机定量供丝驱动的改进

针对YJ15型卷烟机二次定量供丝存在烟丝供给不均匀的问题,采取了3项改进措施:①采用交流伺服系统独立驱动粗、细钩子辊,缩短传动链;②将初次定量供丝传动与二次定量供丝传动分开;③将齿轮传动改为同步齿型带传动。改进后的YJ15型卷烟机定量供丝驱动系统,提高了供丝的均匀度,降低了烟支的空头率。     

卷烟机刀头运动分析和设计计算

刀头是卷烟机的重要部件,卷烟机刀盘及牵手、喇叭咀的设计计算,对于设计卷烟机和刀头革新改造是非常重要的。一刀头喇叭咀的运动要求切割烟支时,烟条、切刀和喇叭咀在烟条行进方向上速度必须相等：     

YJ19B卷烟机风室导轨的改进

针对YJ19B卷烟机风室导轨在实际使用中存在的缺陷,对风室导轨进行了改进,并取得了理想的使用效果。     

基于Pro/E和Adams的喇叭嘴机构的运动分析及仿真

通过建立超高速卷烟机烟支切割系统的仿真模型,阐述了运用三维建模软件Pro/E和动力学仿真软件Adams进行虚拟样机仿真的方法和步骤,并对系统模型进行运动学和动力学仿真,分析了喇叭嘴机构运动行程与烟支长度规格之间的关系,以及喇叭嘴机构动力特征.喇叭嘴运动行程仿真结果与理论值、实际值相比较,二者良好吻合,相对误差小于1％....     

PROTOS 70型卷烟机改变烟支长度所需的调整

PROTOS70卷烟机烟支长度改变后 ,要更换与烟支长度有关的零件并需进行相应的调整 ,调整内容包括 :喇叭嘴部分、刀盘传动箱、磨刀砂轮、劈刀和刷丝轮、烟支紧头部分、蜘蛛手以及SRM系统。调整后 ,能够使卷烟机生产不同规格长度的烟支 ,以满足卷烟生产的要求。     

YJ13A型卷烟机劈刀部件的改进

为了提高YJ13A型卷烟机的卷烟质量,在对国内、外某些先进卷烟机劈刀部件设计原理消化的基础上,结合YJ13A型卷烟机的结构特点,我厂对原来的劈刀部件进行了改进设计。改进后的劈刀使烟支两端有紧头烟,烟支烟丝均匀度和烟支重量均匀度有明显提高,避免了空头烟,有利于装接过滤嘴,提高了烟支卷接质量。     

YJ19卷烟机打条器的改进

YJ19卷烟机打条器结构复杂,传动路线长,稳定性和可靠性差。改进后的打条器采用旋转气缸带动打条板进行打条,运动环节减少,结构简单可靠,提高了打条的稳定性和准确性,从而提高了机组的有效作业率。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the