水冷壁内件气化炉套装质量控制关键点的研究

描述了气化炉的结构,叙述了立式套装和卧式套装两种方式气化炉外壳与水冷壁的安装质量控制方法;提出了质量控制的关键点和注意事项。     

壳牌气化炉水汽系统清洁质量的控制

壳牌气化炉是壳牌煤气化工艺技术的关键设备，煤在气化的过程中会释放大量热量，热量通过冷水壁循环系统的锅炉水进行处理，所以，在气化炉开始工作前，需要将气化炉水汽统进行清洁处理，目的是保证循环的锅炉水的流量充足，可以保证设备正常运转。本文将对壳牌气化炉水汽系统清洁质量进行研究。     

BGL气化炉下法兰更换施工工艺与质量控制

下法兰是BGL气化炉主要的受压元件，经检测2#BGL气化炉下法兰内部有裂纹，严重影响气化炉安全稳定运行。2#BGL气化炉下法兰更换从法兰切割、组对、焊接、热处理、无损检查每一个施工环节，严格控制施工质量，将气化炉下法兰更换完成，验收合格，消除设备安全隐患。     

干煤粉加压气化装置控制系统研究

以干煤粉加压气化技术为基础,分析该类型气化装置的运行特点和控制要求,重点讨论气化炉负荷控制和合成气质量控制的关系,提出氧气流量作为气化炉负荷控制主控变量、氧煤比作为合成气质量控制主控变量的控制策略,并制定详细的控制系统设计方案。     

虹吸液位控制法在四喷嘴气化炉烘炉中的应用

重点分析四喷嘴对置式水煤浆加压气化炉在烘炉过程中的控制要点,阐述了气化炉烘炉时气化炉激冷室液位的控制方法及注意事项。介绍了气化炉激冷室液位快速调节的设计思路,利用虹吸现象对液位进行有效控制,避免出现气化炉激冷室液位快速上涨,液位漫过下降管导致气化炉负压波动,造成事故的发生。实践表明:虹吸液位控制法解决了因气化炉液位上涨过快或液位调节不当造成气化炉内负压波动引起的烘炉事故,对烘炉具有极高的控制效果且操作便捷。     

德士古煤气化炉的制造和检验

对油改煤工程中的关键设备——德士古气化炉的制造和检验概况作详细的分析,介绍了包括原材料、组对、焊接、无损探伤、热处理、水压试验以及几何尺寸等的检查和控制要点,有效保证设备的制造质量。     

多喷嘴对置式水煤浆气化炉操作温度的控制

介绍了多喷嘴对置式水煤浆气化炉工艺流程及气化炉炉温控制的重要性。分析了气化炉炉温控制的影响因素，介绍了多喷嘴对置式新型气化炉装置操作温度的控制方法，并阐述了更换煤种和炉壁超温工况下的炉温调整方法。     

水煤浆气化炉耐火材料使用寿命的影响因素及优化

某煤化工企业GE水煤浆气化炉(五开两备)内衬高铬砖因侵蚀、冲刷、磨损减薄乃至损坏,多次造成气化炉停车,尤其是渣口砖使用寿命短、更换工艺复杂、更换周期长,严重制约着气化炉的长周期运行和合理备炉。从气化炉的实际运行情况出发,分析水煤浆气化炉耐火材料腐蚀和磨损的原因,结合原因分析对气化炉耐火材料的砌筑、养护、质量、运输、堆放等方面提出控制要求和优化措施,并对气化炉炉温和相关运行参数控制等操作经验进行总结,以期延长水煤浆气化炉耐火材料的使用寿命,利于水煤浆气化炉的长周期、稳定运行。     

2#气化炉检修全面结束

随着2008年3月3日23时30分2#气化炉点火升温，标志着2#气化炉抢修工作全面结束，进入烘炉备炉阶段。 自2007年12月25日2#气化炉出现故障以来，集团公司领导高度重视，成立了抢修领导小组，积极联系原制造单位哈尔滨锅炉厂承担检修任务，并且要求修造部全程紧密配合，在确保安全和检修质量的前提下，及早恢复2#气化炉。     

劣质褐煤在碎煤熔渣气化炉上的应用探讨

褐煤应用于碎煤熔渣气化炉，出现了一些影响生产运行的问题。基于碎煤熔渣气化炉就是一个不加入铁矿石的炼铁炉的认识，引入炼铁炉长期实践得出的理论，对碎煤熔渣气化炉进行初浅的和定性的对照分析，得出褐煤应用于碎煤熔渣气化炉部分问题的原因所在和相应的解决问题的方法思路。这些方法和思路部分已得到了实践验证，可为碎煤熔渣气化炉今后发展完善提供有益借鉴和参考。     

IGCC系统中气化炉特性研究

气化炉是IGCC系统中的关键部件之一,与其他部件紧密相关.基于整个IGCC系统研究气化炉特性,首先利用Thermoflex软件对某200 MW级IGCC示范工程建立系统模型,从系统的角度出发,对不同气化参数(水煤浆浓度、气化压力、氧煤比和碳转化率)的IGCC系统进行计算,并分析对气化结果的影响.结果表明,水煤浆浓度和氧煤比对气化结果的影响较大.     

基于IGCC机组气化炉氧气切断阀控制可靠性探究

IGCC机组气化炉氧气切断阀是气化炉氧气燃料供给控制阀,是气化炉单点跳车联锁,为保证设备安全运行,当设备出现异常或阀门控制设备故障时阀门快关。与此同时易造成由于控制设备异常造成阀门误动,引起气化炉停车甚至IGCC机组非停。讨论如何最优、最经济的对气化炉氧气切断阀控制设备的优化,以防止误动引起非停。并经过最终优化改造方案实施后达到了预期目的。     

IGCC示范工程煤气化炉的数值模拟

采用Aspen Plus流程模拟软件对某拟建的IGCC示范工程的德士古煤气化炉进行数值模拟,通过考虑碳的不完全转换对计算流程进行了改进,并运用CPD模型预测煤热裂解的产物分布.研究了煤气化炉的重要操作参数(即水煤浆浓度、氧煤比、气化压力和气化温度)对气化结果的影响.在计算区间内,发现高浓度水煤浆浓度范围内,随浓度的增加,煤气的主要成分(H2+CO)的总含量增加.气化温度增大到1400℃左右时,煤气的主要成分随气化温度的进一步增加会趋于一个恒定值.     

浅谈IGCC联产甲醇中变换与燃气热回收工艺的选择

IGCC联产甲醇工艺为国家“863”项目示范装置,采用新型多喷嘴气化炉,煤处理量为1000t/d,配套240kt／a甲醇和71．8MW发电装置。自2005年10月投产以来运行十分稳定,其中变换与燃气热回收工艺的合理选择。对全系统的经济、稳定运行及优化IGCC联合循环发电的排放指标起到了非常重要的的作用。     

On the scaling-up of a two-stage air blown entrained flow coal gasifier

A two-stage air blown entrained flow gasifier is being developed in Japan for the IGCC process. However, its scale-up up faces significant difficulties because of ash/slag deposition problems. The ash/slag deposition in the gasifier depends on both the ash properties and entrainment produced by the swirling gas flow. Therefore, the flow hydrodynamics are critical issues for the control of the ash behavior. In this paper, a comprehensive simulation model is used to examine the effects of the gasifier geometry and jet configuration on the flow hydrodynamics in order to control the ash deposition on the gasifier walls. A swirl number for the multi-stage injection swirling gas flow is defined and proved to be the most important hydrodynamic scaling law for the entrained flow gasifier.     

Experimental investigations of the effect of coal type and coal burner with different oxygen supply angles on gasification characteristics

The IGCC (Integrated gasification combined cycle) is known as one of the coal fueled power generating technologies with the highest efficiency and lowest emissions. To achieve the required higher efficiency and lower emission performance, Korea's 300 MW IGCC RDD&D (Research Development, Demonstration and Dissemination) project was launched in December 2006 under the leadership of the Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO), with the support of the Korea Ministry of Knowledge Economy. Our research group, the KEPCO Research Institute, set up a coal gasifier for the pilot test and conducted many experiments for the parametric study in this project.Our group focused its research on the effect of different types of coal and oxygen supply angles on the optimum O₂/coal ratio for gasification. Through this study we found that using higher oxygen content coal reduced the optimum O₂/coal ratio for gasification. However, there was no apparent relationship between the oxygen supply angle and the optimum O₂/coal ratio. And, two types of coal burners having different oxygen supply angles were used to conduct the feasibility study on a variable angle burner for the coal gasifier.     

用成熟实用的Lurgi煤气化技术发展IGCC的探讨

IGCC是一个多子系统、技术难度较大的工程项目。虽经 30多年的试验和工业示范 ,到目前为止最长连续运行时间仅为 86天。单系列煤气化系统仍将是长周期运行的主要障碍。如采用工业上成熟的 L urgi气化炉 ,并采用多炉组操作 ,可确保安全连续向燃机供气 ,使机组年连续运行时间达 30 0天以上 ,其经济性和环保效果都是当今最佳的选择之一。     

IGCC电厂控制系统总体结构研究

IGCC自动控制系统是IGCC技术中一个非常重要的内容。随着我国IGCC项目的深入进行,对IGCC电站的自动控制系统设计的研究也势在必行。针对这种情况,对IGCC电厂的特点进行了分析,在此基础上提出了IGCC电厂控制系统的总体结构,希望对国内IGCC电厂的建设工作起到参考作用。     

Dynamic modeling and simulation of shell gasifier in IGCC

A dynamic model of the Shell gasifier in an integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC) is established based on physical principles, focusing on the time-dependent accumulation and flow on the walls. Numerical simulations are carried out to explore the system dynamic performance with respect to step changes in the inlet oxygen-to-coal ratio and steam-to-coal. The dynamic responses of key outlet variables, including the gas temperature, exiting slag mass flow rate, thicknesses of the solid and fluid slag layer, volume percentages of H₂, CO₂ and CO in syngas etc., are obtained. Three different coals are analyzed in this paper, and similar trends in their dynamic behaviors are found by using the gasifier model. The model and simulation method may be useful for providing insights to the operation and control of the IGCC process with respect to complex varying working conditions.     

Selection of IGCC candidate coals by pilot-scale gasifier operation

Nine imported coal samples were tested to make the guidelines for IGCC (Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle) candidate coals — the guidelines that are applicable in future commercial IGCC plants in Korea. Entrained-bed slagging gasifier whose maximum capacity is 3 ton/day has been operated under pressure ranges of 10–29 bar. The factors considered were conversion efficiencies, moisture content, sulfur content, ash content, ash melting temperature, slag viscosity, slag characteristics, and coal reactivity. The best coal type for IGCC applications appears to be the one that contains low ash content with low-enough slag viscosity and high reactivity in coal. However, coal that exhibits high fluidity at the gasifier exit resulted in higher probability in plugging by fly-slag, so that the coal of ash fluid temperature lower than 1260 °C would require precaution for utilizing the feedstock in the entrained-bed gasifier. Conventional ash fusion measurement data might disagree with slag viscosity results in estimating the optimal operation temperature, and thus actual viscosity tests on slag would be necessary.