ATP跟瞄精度与最佳信号光发射角的研究

激光星间通信中捕获、跟踪、瞄准(ATP)技术是保障通信正常进行的关键一环，在完成捕获进入跟踪状态下，ATP的跟瞄精度是一个重要指标。然而．在实际系统中，ATP的跟瞄精度受到很多因素的制约．只能达到一定的精度。在这种条件下．信号光束发散角的选取对通信系统的整体性能影响很大。提出了影响光束发散角的三种因素，并进一步分析了在给定跟瞄精度的条件下．信号光束的发散角并不是越小越好而是存在一个最佳发散角．该发散角可以在满足通信系统指标的情况下．对发射端的功率需求最小。     

Experiment and analysis of the effect of fine tracking system on the unstable platform in laser communication

Atmospheric turbulence and platform vibration in the space optical communication can cause the offset and jitter of beam, which further result in the fluctuations of received optical power. To resist this effect, a communication system with fine tracking systems in the receiver and transmitter is designed. The system is used in the experiment of laser communication between high-rise buildings over a distance of 3.5 km. After adding a vibration source to the transmitter, the centroids of spots captured by the camera of the transmitter and the optical power of receiver are recorded for the purpose of analysis. When the vibration source works at the designated frequency, a peak appears at the corresponding frequency in the spectrum of the spot centroids and the optical power of receiver. Then the peak disappears once the fine tracking system begins to work. Compared with the condition without the fine tracking system, the minimum value of the optical power of receiver is increased by 5 dB, and the standard deviation is decreased by 30%.     

无人机空中OFDM光通信链路性能研究

基于无人机空中光正交频分复用(OFDM)通信模型链路的误码性能理论和仿真研究,综合考虑服从对数正态分布的大气湍流模型和服从瑞利分布的指向误差模型对通信系统的影响,采用高斯-厄米特积分方法得出了通信系统链路误码率的闭合表达式。在此基础上,仿真分析了发射端光束发散角、符号速率、子载波数和接收孔径大小与系统误码率的关系。仿真结果表明,在弱湍流条件下,发射端激光存在可使链路误码性能达到最优的光束发射角,湍流强度的改变对最优光束发散角的影响不大。光OFDM系统能够满足无人机间通信速率为吉比特级的光通信要求,并且通信时接收端的孔径尺寸不宜增大,该结果对通信链路的优化设计有一定的参考意义。     

一种基于捕获跟踪策略的光束发散角分析方法

根据捕获跟踪策略和激光检测理论，给出了直接探测情况下最佳光束发散角的表示式。利用这一表示式，分析了背景光功率和探测器暗电流效光功率对系统性能的影响，为大气激光通信系统中激光光束发散角的设计提供了参考依据。     

自由空间光通信链路最优束散角分析

讨论了FSO通信系统链路最优束散角问题。由空间光通信链路方程得出,减小束散角会增大通信链路裕量。在未对准误差情况下,深入分析偏移角、束散角与链路裕量之间的关系;假设未对准损耗是链路裕量的唯一影响因素的条件下,通过推导得出最大偏移角表达式,当未对准(偏移)角度取得最大值时对应的便是最优束散角。由仿真分析可知,偏移角度的增大导致系统接收光功率减小;对于该系统光束束散角处于1.6 mrad时便是最优束散角。该部分内容研究为对星地的上行和下行通信链路功率计算提供了理论支撑。     

Free space optical system design using particle swarm optimization

The performance of the free‐space optical (FSO) communication system is severely affected by atmospheric properties and misalignment between transmitter‐receiver sections. These effects can be minimized by selecting the precise and proper value of operating parameters. The divergence angle can play a key role in mitigating the negative impact of deviation of an optical beam from its fundamental direction due to different adverse influences. In this paper, we have presented a particle swarm optimization model for determining the optimum divergence angle for designing an optimal FSO link. The FSO transreception quality depends on the medium properties which have a number of detrimental effects like rain, fog, haze, physical obstruction, scattering, and atmospheric turbulence. The proposed work investigate the optimum divergence angle with respect to the maximum deviation angle under different adverse conditions, as mentioned above. Taking into account these effects, the analytical expression of optical link margin and the optimum divergence angle with respect to the maximum deviation angle is derived. The results are analyzed for finding out the most suitable wavelength of the transmitter, transmitted power, link margin, and the link budget under different adverse conditions for reliable communication.     

星间光通信链路优化设计

建立了一种空间光通信链路模型,对光通信链路的总体性能进行了仿真计算,并研究了在一定误码率、一定发射功率下优化通信光束发散角与径向偏角方差的关系。     

水下无线光通信接收光功率的计算研究

在水下无线光通信中,以往计算接收光功率的方法大多没有考虑水体散射对光束发散角和光功率分布的影响。采用汉克尔变换的光束传输函数研究了在水下三维空间的光功率分布,在此分布基础上考虑接收机尺寸、空间位置、接收平面角度等因素产生的几何损耗,求得接收光功率,并进行了实验,结果表明本方法比以往方法更接近实验数据。     

城市光无线通信网络存在的问题及其解决方案

在短距离通信中,城市光无线通信(UOWC)网络因可以提供很高的传输速率而受到越来越多的关注。UOWC系统终端包括光发射机和光接收机,通常可分别安装在相距几百米的大厦顶端。系统利用发射机发出的光束传递信息,具有使用简便、重量轻、容量巨大等显著优点,而且无须交纳许可费。但目前UOWC还存在一些问题,例如在气候恶劣或大楼摆动时通信性能非常差。对此,文中给出不同环境条件下的解决方案。     

自由空间光通信中的振动抑制研究

卫星联网可以实现高速率的自由空间光通信;;但是由于卫星间的长距离、窄光束的发散角和瞄准系统的抖动使得从一颗卫星到另一颗卫星的瞄准变成很复杂的问题像这样接受平面内发射的光束的抖动会降低平均接收功率增加误码率针对上述问题;;介绍了7种抑振方法     

城市光无线通信网络中的问题及其解决方案

在短距离通信中,城市光无线通信(urban optical wireless communication,UOWC)网络可以提供很高的传输速率,因而越来越受到关注.UOWC的终端包括一个光发射机和一个光接收机,它们通常安装在相距几百米的大厦的顶端.UOWC具有几个显著的优点:使用简单、重量轻便、容量巨大,而且它无需向政府相关部门交纳频率使用许可费.UOWC目前还存在一些问题,比如:在恶劣的天气中或大楼摆动时它的通信性能非常差.本文提出了克服这些缺点的一些方法.     

Laser satellite communication network-vibration effect and possiblesolutions

A number of serious consortiums develop satellite communication networks. The objective of these communication projects is to service personal communication users almost everywhere on Earth. The intersatellite links in those projects use microwave radiation as the carrier. Free-space optical communication between satellites networked together can make possible high-speed communication between different places on Earth. Some advantages of an optical communication system over a microwave communication system in free space are: (1) smaller size and weight, (2) less transmitter power, (3) larger bandwidth, and (4) higher immunity to interference. The pointing from one satellite to another is a complicated problem due to the large distance between the satellite, the narrow beam divergence angle, and vibration of the pointing system. Such vibration of the transmitted beam in the receiver plane decreases the average received signal, which increases the bit error rate. We review: (1) the present status of satellite networks, (2) developing efforts of optical satellite communication around the world, (3) performance results of vibration effects on different kinds of optical communication satellite networks, and (4) seven approaches to overcome the problems caused by transmitter pointing vibration     

半导体激光器光束耦合效率研究

在远距离无线光通信中,接收点光功率与光束发散角平方成反比。为了获得小的光束发散角和大的功率耦合效率,必须研究光束准直系统与耦合效率的关系。根据非傍轴远场光分布理论,用光线追迹法对半导体激光器光束准直系统中的功率耦合效率进行研究,给出半导体激光器光束耦合效率的计算方法,并进行计算机模拟。这里的研究结果对半导体激光器光束准直系统设计具有一定的指导作用。     

基于非视线红外激光大气散射通信技术研究

为了实现非视线激光大气散射通信,根据米氏散射理论,建立了非视线通信链路模型,研究了1.06m激光的大气散射通信技术,分析了激光接收功率、激光发射功率、激光发散角、接收视场、探测器灵敏度、发射机倾角、接收机倾角、大气衰减和通信距离的关系,并搭建了试验原理系统,进行了1km距离的散射通信试验,获得了激光散射信号。结果表明,在一定的天气条件下,采用波长为1.06m的红外激光进行信号传输,有望实现远距离的大气散射通信。     

大容差中波红外激光通信终端光学天线研制

为了降低激光通信光学系统公差要求,节省研制成本,减小大气散射对激光通信链路的影响,采用波长工作在大气窗口的中红外激光器作为激光通信光源,研制了与之匹配的中波红外激光通信终端光学系统。首先,利用激光通信能量链路传输方程,根据中波红外激光器光束参数和接收端探测器灵敏度,计算出光学天线口径、发散角等设计参数,并给出激光通信收发光学系统波像差要求。接着,利用ZEMAX软件进行了中红外激光通信收发光学系统的设计与公差分析,对两系统进行了加工、测试,完成了系统研制。测试结果显示,中红外激光通信发射光学天线光学传递函数与理论值最大偏离9.3%,接收光学系统波像差RMS为0.075λ (λ=4.7 μm),满足设计要求。结果表明:采用中红外激光作为激光通信光源可降低光学天线的加工装调难度。     

对数正态分布下的无线光通信系统误码率分析

对开关键控(OOK)强度调制直接检测(IM/DD)方式的无线光通信接收发射系统的光电信号进行分析,并使用最大后验概率(MAP)方法确定判决阈值。将对数正态分布作为湍流信道上光强闪烁模型,建立了系统误码率与湍流强度、光源相干参数、激光发射器光功率等系统参数之间的定量关系。采用部分相干光作为信号光能降低光源相干度,有效抑制湍流效应。计算结果表明：在一定条件下,湍流强度改变0.5个量级系统误码率相差6-8个量级,并且最优源相干参数可以通过计算得到,其对应的部分相干光最有利于提高通信系统性能。     

基于激光检测的无人机探测系统与实验

现有的无人机探测通常采用以雷达扫描为主,辅以其他传感器探测的方式。但是,目前使用雷达探测的成本较高,而激光器作为一种低成本、低功耗的器件已受到人们广泛关注。以激光为载体,结合无线光通信中的捕获、瞄准、跟踪(APT)系统,设计并实现了一种基于激光探测技术的无人机扫描定位系统,并以气球模拟无人机目标的测试方式,测试了该系统的定位精度和效率。扫描试验结果表明:在激光发射器平均功率小于40mW的情况下,该系统对目标的捕获定位能达到较高的精度,误差在5%以内,最大可探测范围为45m。     

非视线光散射通信的大气传输模型

利用大气对光的散射作用可以实现非视线通信.在单次散射假定下,研究了非视线光散射通信系统的大气传输模型.利用该模型分析了光源发散角、接收视场和收发仰角等系统几何参数与接收散射光能量之间的关系;重点讨论了大气分子散射和气溶胶散射各自对接收散射光能量的贡献.结果表明当系统的收发仰角较大时,接收光能量主要来自大气分子散射;反之,气溶胶散射则成为接收光能量的主要部分.对于工作在日盲紫外光谱区的非视线通信系统,增加接收视场可以有效地增大系统的信噪比.发现在两种典型的收发仰角情况下,接收散射光能量随光源发散角的变化趋势是相反的,这说明光源发散角要根据实际的应用场合设计确定.     

光通信中高精度激光束准直系统优化设计

基于空间解析几何与矢量形式的折射定理为基础,研究了非球面、非轴对称的激光束准直光学系统,并对空间光线的传输进行了严格的理论推导,得出了光束发散角的传递矩阵递推公式,并对激光束的发散角进行了优化设计.利用激光束质量诊断仪对准直系统的发散角进行了实验测试,结果表明准直系统能达到较高的准直精度.本设计方法能广泛应用于复杂的非球面光学系统设计中.     

Urban optical wireless communication networks: the main challenges and possible solutions

Urban optical wireless communication (UOWC) is rapidly gaining popularity as an effective means of transferring data at high rates over short distances. The UOWC terminal includes an optical transmitter and a receiver positioned, for example, on high-rise buildings separated by several hundred meters. Light beams propagating through the atmosphere carry the information from the transmitter to the receiver. UOWC boasts many advantages over its rivals. Notably, UOWC facilitates rapidly deployable, lightweight, high-capacity communication without licensing fees and tariffs. However, UOWC still faces many challenges, including how to improve communication performance in adverse weather conditions or during building sway. We present and evaluate some of the exciting new research approaches that have been suggested to deal with these issues, including optimization of telescope gain, new technologies for pointing systems, and solutions at the network level.